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AZD-9291 mesylate

third generation EGFRm inhibitor, oral and irreversible CAS# 1421373-66-1

AZD-9291 mesylate

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Chemical structure

AZD-9291 mesylate

3D structure

Chemical Properties of AZD-9291 mesylate

Cas No. 1421373-66-1 SDF Download SDF
PubChem ID 78357807 Appearance Powder
Formula C29H37N7O5S M.Wt 595.71
Type of Compound N/A Storage Desiccate at -20°C
Synonyms Osimertinib mesylate; Mereletinib mesylate
Solubility DMSO : 20 mg/mL (33.57 mM; ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C)
Chemical Name N-[2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl-methylamino]-4-methoxy-5-[[4-(1-methylindol-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino]phenyl]prop-2-enamide;methanesulfonic acid
SMILES CN1C=C(C2=CC=CC=C21)C3=NC(=NC=C3)NC4=C(C=C(C(=C4)NC(=O)C=C)N(C)CCN(C)C)OC.CS(=O)(=O)O
Standard InChIKey FUKSNUHSJBTCFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Standard InChI InChI=1S/C28H33N7O2.CH4O3S/c1-7-27(36)30-22-16-23(26(37-6)17-25(22)34(4)15-14-33(2)3)32-28-29-13-12-21(31-28)20-18-35(5)24-11-9-8-10-19(20)24;1-5(2,3)4/h7-13,16-18H,1,14-15H2,2-6H3,(H,30,36)(H,29,31,32);1H3,(H,2,3,4)
General tips For obtaining a higher solubility , please warm the tube at 37 ℃ and shake it in the ultrasonic bath for a while.Stock solution can be stored below -20℃ for several months.
We recommend that you prepare and use the solution on the same day. However, if the test schedule requires, the stock solutions can be prepared in advance, and the stock solution must be sealed and stored below -20℃. In general, the stock solution can be kept for several months.
Before use, we recommend that you leave the vial at room temperature for at least an hour before opening it.
About Packaging 1. The packaging of the product may be reversed during transportation, cause the high purity compounds to adhere to the neck or cap of the vial.Take the vail out of its packaging and shake gently until the compounds fall to the bottom of the vial.
2. For liquid products, please centrifuge at 500xg to gather the liquid to the bottom of the vial.
3. Try to avoid loss or contamination during the experiment.
Shipping Condition Packaging according to customer requirements(5mg, 10mg, 20mg and more). Ship via FedEx, DHL, UPS, EMS or other couriers with RT, or blue ice upon request.

Biological Activity of AZD-9291 mesylate

DescriptionAZD-9291 mesylate is an irreversible and mutant selective EGFR inhibitor with IC50s of 12 and 1 nM against EGFRL858R and EGFRL858R/T790M, respectively.In Vitro:AZD-9291 (AZD9291) shows similar potency to early generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKIs) in inhibiting EGFR phosphorylation in EGFR cells harboring sensitising EGFR mutants including PC-9 (ex19del), H3255 (L858R) and H1650 (ex19del), with mean IC50 values ranging from 13 to 54 nM for AZD-9291. AZD-9291 also potently inhibits phosphorylation of EGFR in T790M mutant cell lines (H1975 (L858R/T790M), PC-9VanR (ex19del/T790M), with mean IC50 potency less than 15 nM[1].In Vivo:The tumor-bearing mice are treated with AZD-9291 (5 mg/kg/day) for one to two weeks. Within days of treatment, 5 of 5 C/L858R mice displays nearly 80% reduction in tumor volume by magnetic resonance imaging MRI after therapy with AZD-9291, while 5 of 5 mice treated with vehicle shows tumor growth[1]. AZD-9291 demonstrates improved rat PK, reduced hERG affinity, and improved IGF1R margins relative to the previously described compounds, and so this compound is selected for further investigation. AZD-9291 also offers an additional degree of broader chemical and profile diversity when compared to the previously described lead compounds. Upon dosing AZD-9291 in three efficacy models, The comparable efficacy is observed at relatively low doses (10 mg/kg per day). The excellent efficacy is also observed when AZD-9291 is dosed at 5 mg/kg per day[2].

References:
[1]. Cross DA, et al. AZD9291, an irreversible EGFR TKI, overcomes T790M-mediated resistance to EGFR inhibitors in lung cancer. Cancer Discov. 2014 Sep;4(9):1046-61. [2]. Finlay MR, et al. Discovery of a potent and selective EGFR inhibitor (AZD9291) of both sensitizing and T790M resistancemutations that spares the wild type form of the receptor. J Med Chem. 2014 Oct 23;57(20):8249-67. [3]. Yasumuro O, et al. Changes in gefitinib, erlotinib, and osimertinib pharmacokinetics under various gastric pH levels following oral administration of omeprazole and vonoprazan in rats. Xenobiotica. 2017 Nov 17:1-7. [4]. Yoshimi Ohashi, et al. Targeting the Golgi apparatus to overcome acquired resistance of non-small cell lung cancer cells to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Oncotarget. 2017 Dec 6;9(2):1641-1655.

Protocol

Cell Assay [1]
PC-9 cells are seeded into T75 flasks (5×105 cells/flask) in RPMI growth media and incubated at 37°C, 5% CO2. The following day the media is replaced with media supplemented with a concentration of EGFR inhibitor equal to the EC50 concentration predetermined in PC-9 cells. Media changes are carried out every 2-3 days and resistant clones allowed to grow to 80% confluency prior to the cells being trypsinised and reseeded at the original seeding density in media containing twice the concentration of EGFR inhibitor. Dose escalations are continued until a final concentration of 1.5 μM Gefitinib, 1.5 μM Afatinib, 1.5 μM WZ4002 or 160 nM AZD-9291 are achieved[1].

Animal Administration [1][2]
Mice[1] The EGFRL858R and EGFRL858R+T790M mice (male and female) are used. AZD-9291 is suspended in 1% Polysorbate 80 and administered via oral gavage once daily at the doses of 7.5 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg, respectively. Mice are imaged weekly at the Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science. For immunoblot analysis, mice are treated for eight hours with drug as described before dissection and flash freezing of the lungs. Lungs are pulverized in liquid nitrogen before lysis. Rats[2] The male RccHan:WIST rats (10-week-old) are received a single oral dose of AZD-9291 (200 mg/kg). Blood glucose levels are measured using an Accuchek Active meter. Serum insulin concentrations are determined using a commercial rat ELISA kit.

References:
[1]. Cross DA, et al. AZD9291, an irreversible EGFR TKI, overcomes T790M-mediated resistance to EGFR inhibitors in lung cancer. Cancer Discov. 2014 Sep;4(9):1046-61. [2]. Finlay MR, et al. Discovery of a potent and selective EGFR inhibitor (AZD9291) of both sensitizing and T790M resistancemutations that spares the wild type form of the receptor. J Med Chem. 2014 Oct 23;57(20):8249-67. [3]. Yasumuro O, et al. Changes in gefitinib, erlotinib, and osimertinib pharmacokinetics under various gastric pH levels following oral administration of omeprazole and vonoprazan in rats. Xenobiotica. 2017 Nov 17:1-7. [4]. Yoshimi Ohashi, et al. Targeting the Golgi apparatus to overcome acquired resistance of non-small cell lung cancer cells to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Oncotarget. 2017 Dec 6;9(2):1641-1655.

AZD-9291 mesylate Dilution Calculator

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Preparing Stock Solutions of AZD-9291 mesylate

1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 20 mg 25 mg
1 mM 1.6787 mL 8.3933 mL 16.7867 mL 33.5734 mL 41.9667 mL
5 mM 0.3357 mL 1.6787 mL 3.3573 mL 6.7147 mL 8.3933 mL
10 mM 0.1679 mL 0.8393 mL 1.6787 mL 3.3573 mL 4.1967 mL
50 mM 0.0336 mL 0.1679 mL 0.3357 mL 0.6715 mL 0.8393 mL
100 mM 0.0168 mL 0.0839 mL 0.1679 mL 0.3357 mL 0.4197 mL
* Note: If you are in the process of experiment, it's necessary to make the dilution ratios of the samples. The dilution data above is only for reference. Normally, it's can get a better solubility within lower of Concentrations.

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Background on AZD-9291 mesylate

First-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR TKI) provide significant clinical benefit in patients with advanced EGFR-mutant (EGFRm) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Patients ultimately develop disease progression, usually due to the acquisition of the resistance mutation. AZD9291 is a oral, potent, and selective third generation irreversible inhibitor of both EGFRm sensitizing and T790M resistance mutants which spares wild-type EGFR.
In vitro: AZD9291 potently inhibits signaling pathways and cellular growth in both EGFRm and EGFRm/T790M mutant cell lines, with lower activity against WT EGFR cell lines. AZD9291 showed an apparent IC50 of 12 nmol/L against L858R and 1 nmol/L against L858R/T790M EGFRm [1].
In vivo: AZD9291 demonstrates good bioavailability, is widely distributed in tissues, and has moderate clearance resulting in a half-life of around 3 hours after oral dosing in the mouse . Once-daily dosing of AZD9291 induced significant dose-dependent regression in both PC-9 (ex19del) and H1975 (L858R/T790M) tumor xenograft models. The tumor shrinkage was observed at doses low to 2.5 mg kg-1 day-1 in both models [1].
Clinical trial: The mesylate salt of AZD9291 is currently in a first-in-human phase I dose-escalation clinical trial (AURA; NCT01802632; AstraZeneca) in patients with advanced EGFRm NSCLC who had disease progression following treatment with any EGFR TKI (including gefitinib or erlotinib). AZD9291 is showing promising responses in this phase I trial even at the first-dose level.
Reference:
[1] Cross DA, Ashton SE, Ghiorghiu S, Eberlein C, Nebhan CA, Spitzler PJ, Orme JP, Finlay MR, Ward RA, Mellor MJ, Hughes G, Rahi A, Jacobs VN, Red Brewer M, Ichihara E, Sun J, Jin H, Ballard P, Al-Kadhimi K, Rowlinson R, Klinowska T, Richmond GH, Cantarini M, Kim DW, Ranson MR, Pao W. AZD9291, an irreversible EGFR TKI, overcomes T790M-mediated resistance to EGFR inhibitors in lung cancer. Cancer Discov. 2014;4(9):1046-61.

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References on AZD-9291 mesylate

Treating Philadelphia chromosome/BCR-ABL1 positive patients with Glivec (Imatinib mesylate): 10 years' experience at Patan Hospital, Nepal.[Pubmed:28369812]

Br J Haematol. 2017 Jun;177(6):991-999.

The Glivec International Patient Assistance Programme makes Glivec (Imatinib mesylate) available to Philadelphia chromosome/BCR-ABL1 positive patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) in Lower and Middle Income Countries (LMIC). We have established a large cohort of 211 CML patients who are eligible for Imatinib, in Kathmandu, Nepal. Thirty-one patients were lost to follow-up. We report on 180 CML patients with a median age of 38 years (range 9-81). Of these 180 patients, 162 underwent cytogenetic testing and 110 were investigated by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. One hundred and thirty-nine of the 180 patients (77.2%) had at least one optimal response. Taken together, our cohort has a 95% overall survival rate and 78% of the patients were still taking Glivec at a median time of 48.8 months (range 3-140 months). The number of patients who actually failed therapy, as defined by the LeukaemiaNet 2013 criteria, was 39 (21.7%). While our cohort has some differences with those in North America or Europe, we have shown Glivec is effective in inducing an optimal response in our patients in Nepal and that it is possible to deliver a clinical service for CML patients using tyrosine kinase inhibitors in resource-poor settings.

Sab mediates mitochondrial dysfunction involved in imatinib mesylate-induced cardiotoxicity.[Pubmed:28315715]

Toxicology. 2017 May 1;382:24-35.

Imatinib mesylate is an effective treatment for chronic myelogenous leukemia and gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Although imatinib mesylate is highly tolerable, it has been implicated in severe congestive heart failure in mouse models and patients. A hallmark of imatinib mesylate-induced cardiotoxicity is mitochondrial dysfunction. The mitochondrial scaffold Sab has been implicated in facilitating signaling responsible for mitochondrial dysfunction in a c-Jun N-terminal Kinase (JNK)-dependent manner. We examined the impact of Sab-mediated signaling on imatinib mesylate cardiotoxicity in H9c2 rat cardiomyocyte-like cells. Silencing Sab increased the LD50 of imatinib mesylate 4-fold in H9c2 cells. Disrupting Sab-mediated signaling prevented imatinib mesylate-induced apoptosis as well. Knockdown of Sab or inhibition with a small peptide prevented oxidative stress, which was indicated by decreased reactive oxygen species production, lipid peroxidation, and protein carbonylation. Further, inhibition of Sab-related signaling partially rescued deficits in mitochondrial respiration, ATP production, and membrane potential in imatinib mesylate-treated H9c2 cells. Conversely, over-expression of Sab in H9c2 cells increased the cardiotoxicity of imatinib mesylate in vitro decreasing the LD50 over 4-fold. Sab expression was induced in H9c2 cells following cardiovascular-like stress in an AP-1 dependent manner. These data demonstrate that imatinib mesylate influences mitochondrial signaling leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and cardiotoxicity.

Long-term results of treatment of advanced dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) with imatinib mesylate - The impact of fibrosarcomatous transformation.[Pubmed:28365129]

Eur J Surg Oncol. 2017 Jun;43(6):1134-1141.

BACKGROUND: Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is rare, infiltrating dermal neoplasm, characterized by indolent growth and low probability of metastases. The first effective systemic therapy in DFSP introduced into clinical practice was imatinib, demonstrating high activity in advanced cases. The aim of the study was to perform an analysis of patients with advanced DFSP treated with imatinib, with or without surgery, in routine clinical practice with long-term follow-up. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We analyzed the data of 31 Caucasian patients (14 male, 17 female; median age 56 years) with locally advanced/initially inoperable and/or metastatic DFSP who started therapy with imatinib at initial dose 800 mg daily between 12/2004 and 07/2014. All diagnoses were confirmed cytogenetically for the presence of specific COL1A1-PDGFB fusion. Median follow-up time was 5.3 years. RESULTS: Metastases were present in 15 cases (8 - lungs, 5 - soft tissue, 2 - lymph nodes). Fibrosarcomatous transformation (FS-DFSP) was confirmed in 16 patients (52%). 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) rate was 58% (median 6.8 years), 5-year overall survival (OS) rate was 64% (median time for OS was not reached). The shorter PFS and OS correlated with FS-DFSP and presence of metastatic disease. 5-year PFS rate was 93% for classic DFSP and 33% for FS-DFSP. The best overall responses were: 21 partial responses (68%, including 8 FS-DFSP, but the responses were shorter than for classic DFSP), 6 stable disease (19%) and 4 progressive diseases (13%). Thirteen patients (47%) underwent resection of residual disease and nine of them remained free of disease, although imatinib was discontinued. Median survival after progression on imatinib was 19 months, and longer survival were observed only in cases were rescue surgery/radiotherapy was possible. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate the long-term activity of imatinib in therapy of inoperable and/or metastatic cases of DFSP, including FS-DFSP. Some DFSP patients initially evaluated as unresectable/metastatic or necessitating mutilating surgery turned resectable after imatinib therapy and this rational approach leading to complete remission maybe potentially curative.

Genetic Polymorphisms Contribute to the Individual Variations of Imatinib Mesylate Plasma Levels and Adverse Reactions in Chinese GIST Patients.[Pubmed:28335376]

Int J Mol Sci. 2017 Mar 13;18(3). pii: ijms18030603.

Imatinib mesylate (IM) has dramatically improved the outcomes of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) patients. However, the clinical responses of IM may considerably vary among single individuals. This study aimed to investigate the influences of genetic polymorphisms of drug-metabolizing enzyme (CYP3A4), transporters (ABCB1, ABCG2), and nuclear receptor (Pregnane X Receptor (PXR, encoded by NR1I2)) on IM plasma levels and related adverse reactions in Chinese GIST patients. A total of 68 Chinese GIST patients who have received IM 300-600 mg/day were genotyped for six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (CYP3A4 rs2242480; ABCB1 rs1045642; ABCG2 rs2231137; NRI12 rs3814055, rs6785049, rs2276706), and the steady-state IM trough plasma concentrations were measured by a validated HPLC method. There were statistically significant variances in the steady-state IM trough plasma concentrations (from 272.22 to 4365.96 ng/mL). Subjects of GG in rs2242480, T allele carriers in rs1045642 and CC in rs3814055 had significantly higher steady-state IM dose-adjusted trough plasma concentrations. Subjects of CC in rs3814055 had significantly higher incidence rate of edema. The genetic polymorphisms of rs2242480, rs1045642, rs3814055 were significantly associated with IM plasma levels, and the genetic variations of rs3814055 were significantly associated with the incidence rate of edema in Chinese GIST patients. The current results may serve as valuable fundamental knowledge for IM therapy in Chinese GIST patients.

Description

Osimertinib mesylate (AZD-9291 mesylate) is an irreversible and mutant selective EGFR inhibitor with IC50s of 12 and 1 nM against EGFRL858R and EGFRL858R/T790M, respectively.

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