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Kynurenic acid sodium salt

CAS# 2439-02-3

Kynurenic acid sodium salt

Catalog No. BCC7754----Order now to get a substantial discount!

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Chemical structure

Kynurenic acid sodium salt

3D structure

Chemical Properties of Kynurenic acid sodium salt

Cas No. 2439-02-3 SDF Download SDF
PubChem ID 52974250 Appearance Powder
Formula C10H6NNaO3 M.Wt 211.15
Type of Compound N/A Storage Desiccate at -20°C
Synonyms Kynurenic Acid Sodium Salt; Sodium Kynurenate
Solubility DMSO : 50 mg/mL (235.67 mM; Need ultrasonic)
H2O : < 0.1 mg/mL (insoluble)
Chemical Name sodium;4-oxo-1H-quinoline-2-carboxylate
SMILES C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(=O)C=C(N2)C(=O)[O-].[Na+]
Standard InChIKey RCAZGXKUQDXSSK-UHFFFAOYSA-M
Standard InChI InChI=1S/C10H7NO3.Na/c12-9-5-8(10(13)14)11-7-4-2-1-3-6(7)9;/h1-5H,(H,11,12)(H,13,14);/q;+1/p-1
General tips For obtaining a higher solubility , please warm the tube at 37 ℃ and shake it in the ultrasonic bath for a while.Stock solution can be stored below -20℃ for several months.
We recommend that you prepare and use the solution on the same day. However, if the test schedule requires, the stock solutions can be prepared in advance, and the stock solution must be sealed and stored below -20℃. In general, the stock solution can be kept for several months.
Before use, we recommend that you leave the vial at room temperature for at least an hour before opening it.
About Packaging 1. The packaging of the product may be reversed during transportation, cause the high purity compounds to adhere to the neck or cap of the vial.Take the vail out of its packaging and shake gently until the compounds fall to the bottom of the vial.
2. For liquid products, please centrifuge at 500xg to gather the liquid to the bottom of the vial.
3. Try to avoid loss or contamination during the experiment.
Shipping Condition Packaging according to customer requirements(5mg, 10mg, 20mg and more). Ship via FedEx, DHL, UPS, EMS or other couriers with RT, or blue ice upon request.

Biological Activity of Kynurenic acid sodium salt

DescriptionSodium salt of kynurenic acid, a broad spectrum EAA antagonist.

Kynurenic acid sodium salt Dilution Calculator

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Kynurenic acid sodium salt Molarity Calculator

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Preparing Stock Solutions of Kynurenic acid sodium salt

1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 20 mg 25 mg
1 mM 4.736 mL 23.6798 mL 47.3597 mL 94.7194 mL 118.3992 mL
5 mM 0.9472 mL 4.736 mL 9.4719 mL 18.9439 mL 23.6798 mL
10 mM 0.4736 mL 2.368 mL 4.736 mL 9.4719 mL 11.8399 mL
50 mM 0.0947 mL 0.4736 mL 0.9472 mL 1.8944 mL 2.368 mL
100 mM 0.0474 mL 0.2368 mL 0.4736 mL 0.9472 mL 1.184 mL
* Note: If you are in the process of experiment, it's necessary to make the dilution ratios of the samples. The dilution data above is only for reference. Normally, it's can get a better solubility within lower of Concentrations.

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References on Kynurenic acid sodium salt

Kynurenic acid as a ligand for orphan G protein-coupled receptor GPR35.[Pubmed:16754668]

J Biol Chem. 2006 Aug 4;281(31):22021-8.

Local catabolism of the essential amino acid tryptophan is considered an important mechanism in regulating immunological and neurological responses. The kynurenine pathway is the main route for the non-protein metabolism of tryptophan. The intermediates of the kynurenine pathway are present at micromolar concentrations in blood and are regulated by inflammatory stimuli. Here we show that GPR35, a previously orphan G protein-coupled receptor, functions as a receptor for the kynurenine pathway intermediate kynurenic acid. Kynurenic acid elicits calcium mobilization and inositol phosphate production in a GPR35-dependent manner in the presence of G(qi/o) chimeric G proteins. Kynurenic acid stimulates [35S]guanosine 5'-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) binding in GPR35-expressing cells, an effect abolished by pertussis toxin treatment. Kynurenic acid also induces the internalization of GPR35. Expression analysis indicates that GPR35 is predominantly detected in immune cells and the gastrointestinal tract. Furthermore, we show that kynurenic acid inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha secretion in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Our results suggest unexpected signaling functions for kynurenic acid through GPR35 activation.

The "kynurenate test", a biochemical assay for putative cognition enhancers.[Pubmed:9336311]

J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1997 Oct;283(1):82-90.

Some putative cognition enhancers (oxiracetam, aniracetam and D-cycloserine) were previously shown to prevent the kynurenic acid antagonism of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-evoked norepinephrine (NE) release in rat hippocampal slices. This functional in vitro assay was further characterized in the present work. D-Serine, a glutamate coagonist at the NMDA receptor glycine site, concentration-dependently (EC50 approximately 0.1 microM) prevented the kynurenate (100 microM) block of the NMDA (100 microM)-evoked [3H]NE release. L-Serine was ineffective up to 10 microM. The gamma-aminobutyric acidB (GABA[B]) receptor antagonist CGP 36742, reported to improve cognitive performance, potently prevented the kynurenate antagonism. The activity of CGP 36742 (1 microM) appeared to be unaffected by 10 microM (-)-baclofen, a GABA(B) receptor agonist; furthermore, CGP 52432, a GABA(B) antagonist more potent than CGP 36742, but reportedly devoid of nootropic properties, was inactive in the "kynurenate test." The novel putative cognition enhancer CR2249, but not its enantiomer CR2361, also potently prevented the kynurenate antagonism. In contrast, linopirdine, nicotine and tacrine were inactive. In rat hippocampal synaptosomes glycine and D-cycloserine enhanced the NMDA-evoked [3H]NE release, whereas oxiracetam and CR2249 did not. These four compounds were all similarly effective in preventing kynurenate antagonism, both in slices and in synaptosomes. The NMDA potentiation caused by glycine (0.1-100 microM) was not affected by 100 microM oxiracetam, which suggested that drugs active in the "kynurenate test" may bind to sites different from the glycine site of the NMDA receptor. To conclude, the "kynurenate test" is an in vitro assay useful in the identification and characterization of putative cognition enhancers acting via NMDA receptors.

Description

Kynurenic acid sodium, an endogenous tryptophan metabolite, is a broad-spectrum antagonist targeting NMDA, glutamate, α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. Kynurenic acid sodium is also an agonist of GPR35/CXCR8.

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