CP 20961

Effect of CP-20,961 on genital herpes in guinea pigs.[Pubmed:6686755]

Antiviral Res. 1983 Nov;3(4):275-83.

CP-20,961 (N,N-dioctadecyl-N',N'-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)propanediamine) has been reported to be an interferon inducer, an adjuvant and a macrophage activator. In the present study, this compound was used therapeutically and prophylactically to treat genital herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infections in guinea pigs. A significant decrease in the incidence of clinical lesions (P less than 0.05) was observed in animals treated intravaginally with 20 mg CP-20,961 (two doses each containing 10 mg) prior to infection. A single dose of 5 mg CP-20,961 reduced the severity of clinical lesions and inhibited virus shedding from the guinea pig vagina. Preliminary findings indicate that CP-20,961 is a potent agent for prevention of genital herpes infection.

Antiviral activity of CP-20,961 against herpes simplex viruses in vitro.[Pubmed:2982759]

Intervirology. 1985;23(1):44-50.

The antiherpesvirus activity of CP-20,961 [N,N-dioctadecyl-N',N'-bis (2-hydroxyethyl) propanediamine, or Avridine] was investigated in cultured guinea pig embryo (GPE) cells. Plaque formation of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV1) and type 2 (HSV2) was inhibited, but vesicular stomatitis virus replication was not inhibited, in GPE cells treated with CP-20,961 before infection. The ID50 concentration of CP-20,961 for HSV was about 50 micrograms/ml for 3-4 days of pretreatment. After virus adsorption and penetration, the same concentration of CP-20,961 had no effect on HSV plaque formation. The compound showed no detergent-like properties nor did it elicit any detectable interferon activity. Thus, the anti-HSV activity of CP-20,961 appeared to be associated with blocking the adsorption or penetration of the virus or both.

Reactogenicity of a malaria merozoite antigen in Aotus monkeys compared with the effects caused by two new adjuvants, CP-20,961 and [B30]-MDP.[Pubmed:6361979]

Scand J Infect Dis. 1983;15(4):383-9.

Six Aotus trivirgatus monkeys were included in a clinical study to compare the adverse reactions caused by a Plasmodium falciparum antigen and 2 adjuvants, a lipoidal amine, CP-20,961, and a muramyl dipeptide derivative, [B30]-MDP. Two monkeys were given 2 intramuscular injections, 3 weeks apart, of 1 of these vaccine components. Both the antigen and the two adjuvants caused local and general reactions as well as hematological and biochemical changes. Except for an up to 60% rise in leukocyte count, the antigen caused reactions least, followed by [B30]-MDP. CP-20,961 evoked more vigorous reactions and changes, but none of them reached such an extent that it would contraindicate its potential use in forthcoming vaccine studies. We conclude that both adjuvants are to be considered as relatively safe when combined with an appropriate P. falciparum antigen.

Effect of CP-20,961, an interferon inducer, on upper respiratory tract infections due to rhinovirus type 21 in volunteers.[Pubmed:213498]

J Infect Dis. 1978 Oct;138(4):531-5.

Topically administered CP-20,961 is known to stimulate nasal interferon. Studies in volunteers given the drug prior to challenge with rhinovirus have yielded both fairly good results and only fair or poor results. This study was undertaken in an attempt to settle the differences between the results of these trials and to evaluate the possible effectiveness of CP-20, 961 when given after virus challenge. Sixty volunteers were randomly divided into four groups. One group received placebo, the second received the drug on the day before and the day of challenge, the third was given the drug for two days beginning 24 hr after challenge, and the fourth received the drug for two days beginning 48 hr after challenge. The average number and severity of symptoms in the group that received CP-20,961 prior to challenge were about half of those in the control group. There was no decrease, however, in the number and severity of symptoms in the groups that received the drug after challenge.

Avridine-induced arthritis in rats; a T cell-dependent chronic disease influenced both by MHC genes and by non-MHC genes.[Pubmed:7882557]

Clin Exp Immunol. 1995 Mar;99(3):359-63.

Avridine is a potent synthetic adjuvant that can induce arthritis is most rat strains. The clinical appearance and histopathology of avridine-induced arthritis show great similarity to other arthritis models such as collagen-induced arthritis. In LEW and DA rats the avridine-induced arthritis is severe and long lasting. To investigate a possible genetic influence on the disease we compared LEW, DA and E3 rats, which are of different genetic origins, for their ability to develop arthritis after injection of a low dose of avridine (1.5 mg/rat). The E3 rat was shown to be resistant, whereas all of the DA rats developed arthritis. Recombinant inbred strains derived from DA and E3 parentals varied in susceptibility to avridine. Only strains sharing RT1av1 with DA developed arthritis, indicating a role for the MHC genes. The MHC association was further analysed in a series of Lewis congenic strains using the 1.5 mg avridine dose. All strains developed arthritis. LEW.1C and LEW.1W developed only acute arthritis, whereas LEW.1A, LEW, LEW.1D, LEW.1N and LEW.1F developed chronic arthritis. In particular, the LEW.1F rats developed a chronic severe arthritis of high incidence. The chronic arthritis showed an active, erosive joint inflammation several months after induction. Nude rats are resistant to avridine-induced arthritis, indicating a T cell dependence of the disease which supports the importance of MHC. However, non-MHC genes are also crucial to arthritis development. Recombinants between DA and E3, sharing RT1av1 with DA, showed either a lower incidence or a lower severity of disease than the DA rats. The E3 rat and the recombinants with RT1u were completely resistant, whereas LEW.1W, also RT1u, were highly susceptible.