MK-5172

HCV NS3/4a protease inhibitor CAS# 1350514-68-9

MK-5172

Catalog No. BCC1762----Order now to get a substantial discount!

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Chemical structure

MK-5172

3D structure

Chemical Properties of MK-5172

Cas No. 1350514-68-9 SDF Download SDF
PubChem ID 44603531 Appearance Powder
Formula C38H50N6O9S M.Wt 766.9
Type of Compound N/A Storage Desiccate at -20°C
Synonyms Grazoprevir
Solubility DMSO : 50 mg/mL (65.20 mM; Need ultrasonic)
H2O : < 0.1 mg/mL (insoluble)
SMILES CC(C)(C)C1C(=O)N2CC(CC2C(=O)NC3(CC3C=C)C(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C4CC4)OC5=NC6=C(C=CC(=C6)OC)N=C5CCCCCC7CC7OC(=O)N1
Standard InChIKey OBMNJSNZOWALQB-NCQNOWPTSA-N
Standard InChI InChI=1S/C38H50N6O9S/c1-6-22-19-38(22,35(47)43-54(49,50)25-13-14-25)42-32(45)29-18-24-20-44(29)34(46)31(37(2,3)4)41-36(48)53-30-16-21(30)10-8-7-9-11-27-33(52-24)40-28-17-23(51-5)12-15-26(28)39-27/h6,12,15,17,21-22,24-25,29-31H,1,7-11,13-14,16,18-20H2,2-5H3,(H,41,48)(H,42,45)(H,43,47)/t21-,22-,24-,29+,30-,31-,38-/m1/s1
General tips For obtaining a higher solubility , please warm the tube at 37 ℃ and shake it in the ultrasonic bath for a while.Stock solution can be stored below -20℃ for several months.
We recommend that you prepare and use the solution on the same day. However, if the test schedule requires, the stock solutions can be prepared in advance, and the stock solution must be sealed and stored below -20℃. In general, the stock solution can be kept for several months.
Before use, we recommend that you leave the vial at room temperature for at least an hour before opening it.
About Packaging 1. The packaging of the product may be reversed during transportation, cause the high purity compounds to adhere to the neck or cap of the vial.Take the vail out of its packaging and shake gently until the compounds fall to the bottom of the vial.
2. For liquid products, please centrifuge at 500xg to gather the liquid to the bottom of the vial.
3. Try to avoid loss or contamination during the experiment.
Shipping Condition Packaging according to customer requirements(5mg, 10mg, 20mg and more). Ship via FedEx, DHL, UPS, EMS or other couriers with RT, or blue ice upon request.

Biological Activity of MK-5172

DescriptionMK-5172 is a selective inhibitor of Hepatitis C virus NS3/4a protease with broad activity across genotypes and resistant variants, with Ki of 0.01 nM (gt1b), 0.01 nM (gt1a), 0.08 nM (gt2a), 0.15 nM (gt2b), 0.90 nM (gt3a), respectively.In Vitro:In biochemical assays, MK-5172 is effective against a panel of major genotypes and variants engineered with common resistant mutations, with Ki of 0.01±<0.01 nM (gt1b), 0.01±0.01 nM (gt1a), 0.08±0.02 nM (gt2a), 0.15±0.06 nM (gt2b), 0.90±0.2 nM (gt3a), 0.07±0.01 nM (gt1bR155K), 0.14±0.03 nM (gt1bD168V), 0.30±0.04 nM (gt1bD168Y), 5.3±0.9 nM (gt1bA156T), and 12±2 nM (gt1bA156V), respectively. In the replicon assay, MK-5172 demonstrates subnanomolar to low-nanomolar EC50s against genotypes 1a, 1b, and 2a, with EC50s of 0.5±0.1 nM, 2±1 nM, and 2±1 nM for gt1bcon1, gt1a, and gt2a, respectively. MK-5172 is potent against a panel of HCV replication mutants NS5A (Y93H) (EC50=0.7±0.3 nM), NS5B nucleosides (S282T) (EC50=0.3±0.1 nM), and NS5B (C316Y) (EC50=0.4±0.2)[1]. MK-5172 maintains the excellent potency against the gt 3a enzyme as well as a broad panel of mutant enzymes, has excellent potency in the replicon system [gt1b IC50(50% NHS)=7.4 nM; gt1a IC50(40% NHS)=7 nM], and shows excellent rat liver exposure[2].In Vivo:MK-5172 demonstrates efficacy in vivo against chronic-HCV-infected chimpanzees[1]. When dosed to dogs, MK-5172 shows low clearance of 5 mL/min/kg and a 3 h half-life after iv dosing and has good plasma exposure (AUC=0.4 μM h) after a 1 mg/kg oral dose. Dog liver biopsy studies showed that the liver concentration of MK-5172 after the 1 mg/kg oral dose is 1.4 μM at the 24 h time point. Similar to its behavior in rats, MK-5172 demonstrates effective partitioning into liver tissue and maintains high liver concentration, relative to potency, 24 h after oral dosing in dogs[2].

References:
[1]. Summa V, et al. MK-5172, a selective inhibitor of hepatitis C virus NS3/4a protease with broad activity across genotypes and resistant variants. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2012 Aug;56(8):4161-7. [2]. Harper S, et al. Discovery of MK-5172, a Macrocyclic Hepatitis C Virus NS3/4a Protease Inhibitor. ACS Med Chem Lett. 2012 Mar 2;3(4):332-6.

Protocol

Kinase Assay [1]
Recombinant HCV NS3/4A enzymes are expressed and purified from Escherichia colias. Enzyme sequences are derived from genotype 1a (gt1a) H77, gt1b con1, gt2a JFH1, gt2b HCJ8, and gt3a NZL1. Inhibition of HCV NS3/4A protease activity in reaction mixtures containing MK-5172, Vaniprevir, or the reference compounds Danoprevir and TMC435 is determined in a time-resolved fluorescence assay. Cell-based HCV replicon assays are conducted in genotype 1b (con1) stable cell line HB1 or a gt2a cell line (JFH) in the presence of either 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) or 40% normal human serum (NHS). Determinations of 50% effective concentrations (EC50s) against the panel of genotype or mutant replicon cell lines are conducted using a TaqMan-based assay. The 50% cytotoxic concentration (CC50) is determined in the HCV replicon cell line with the use of an MTS assay. Potency determinations against clinical genotype 1 NS3/4A sequences are made using a transient cell-based phenotype assay. The NS3/4A patient isolates are cloned from human plasma infected with HCV. Broad counterscreening, in which MK-5172 is evaluated for its inhibitory potency at a concentration of 10 μM, is conducted at MDS Pharma Services[1].

Animal Administration [1]
Rats and Dogs[1] Studies are performed in both rats and dogs. For studies in which MK-5172 is dosed intravenously to rats or dogs, the compound is formulated in polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG200) and administered as a bolus at either 2 mg/kg of body weight (Rats) or 0.5 mg/kg (dog). For oral studies, the crystalline potassium salt of the compound is dosed as a solution in PEG400 at 5 mg/kg (Rats) or 1 mg/kg (dog). For all studies, blood samples are collected in EDTA-containing tubes at appropriate times and plasma is separated by centrifugation and stored at −70°C until analysis. Quantitation of MK-5172 levels is conducted by high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectroscopy (LC/MS/MS) following protein precipitation. Liver samples are obtained from rat studies at the termination of the experiment. For dog, liver biopsy samples (20 μL) are collected following sedation. Tissue samples are homogenized in four volumes of deionized water, and drug concentrations are determined by LC/MS/MS after protein precipitation.

References:
[1]. Summa V, et al. MK-5172, a selective inhibitor of hepatitis C virus NS3/4a protease with broad activity across genotypes and resistant variants. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2012 Aug;56(8):4161-7. [2]. Harper S, et al. Discovery of MK-5172, a Macrocyclic Hepatitis C Virus NS3/4a Protease Inhibitor. ACS Med Chem Lett. 2012 Mar 2;3(4):332-6.

MK-5172 Dilution Calculator

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MK-5172 Molarity Calculator

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Preparing Stock Solutions of MK-5172

1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 20 mg 25 mg
1 mM 1.304 mL 6.5198 mL 13.0395 mL 26.079 mL 32.5988 mL
5 mM 0.2608 mL 1.304 mL 2.6079 mL 5.2158 mL 6.5198 mL
10 mM 0.1304 mL 0.652 mL 1.304 mL 2.6079 mL 3.2599 mL
50 mM 0.0261 mL 0.1304 mL 0.2608 mL 0.5216 mL 0.652 mL
100 mM 0.013 mL 0.0652 mL 0.1304 mL 0.2608 mL 0.326 mL
* Note: If you are in the process of experiment, it's necessary to make the dilution ratios of the samples. The dilution data above is only for reference. Normally, it's can get a better solubility within lower of Concentrations.

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Background on MK-5172

MK-5172 is a selective inhibitor of Hepatitis C Virus NS3/4a Protease [1].
Hepatitis C (HCV) virus is a member of the Flaviviridae family of viruses in the Hepacivirus genus and encoded by a 9.6-kb positive strand RNA genome [2].
In biochemical assays, MK-5172 inhibited a series of major genotypes and common mutants in a HCV NS3/4A protease enzymatic assay. In a cell-based replicon system, MK-5172 inhibited HCV with EC50 values of 2 nM against genotype 1a, 0.5 nM against genotype 1b, 8 nM against genotype 2a and 13 nM against genotype 3. Also, MK-5172 is effective against HCV genotypes 1a, 2a, 1b, 2b and 3a [2].
Treatment three chronically HCV-infected chimpanzees with a dose of 1 mg/kg twice daily for 7 days, Two of the chimpanzees had wild-type (WT) gt1a or gt1b infections with high viral titers (~106 IU/ml). A third chimpanzee had a modest viral titer (~104 IU/ml) that was gt1a NS3 R155K virus. MK-5172 (1 mg/kg) reduced viral titer of the gt1a (WT) infection to ~100 IU/ml within 2 days and the gt1b infection to 20 IU/ml. The gt1a NS3 R155K-infected chimp experienced a rapid ~2-log reduction in viral titer [2].
References:
[1]. Harper S, McCauley JA, Rudd MT, et al. Discovery of MK-5172, a Macrocyclic Hepatitis C Virus NS3/4a Protease Inhibitor. ACS Med Chem Lett, 2012, 3(4): 332-336.
[2]. Summa V, Ludmerer SW, McCauley JA, et al. MK-5172, a selective inhibitor of hepatitis C virus NS3/4a protease with broad activity across genotypes and resistant variants. Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 2012, 56(8): 4161-4167.

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References on MK-5172

The Discovery of Quinoxaline-Based Metathesis Catalysts from Synthesis of Grazoprevir (MK-5172).[Pubmed:27123552]

Org Lett. 2016 May 6;18(9):1952-5.

Olefin metathesis (OM) is a reliable and practical synthetic methodology for challenging carbon-carbon bond formations. While existing catalysts can effect many of these transformations, the synthesis and development of new catalysts is essential to increase the application breadth of OM and to achieve improved catalyst activity. The unexpected initial discovery of a novel olefin metathesis catalyst derived from synthetic efforts toward the HCV therapeutic agent grazoprevir (MK-5172) is described. This initial finding has evolved into a class of tunable, shelf-stable ruthenium OM catalysts that are easily prepared and exhibit unique catalytic activity.

Structural and Thermodynamic Effects of Macrocyclization in HCV NS3/4A Inhibitor MK-5172.[Pubmed:26682473]

ACS Chem Biol. 2016 Apr 15;11(4):900-9.

Recent advances in direct-acting antivirals against Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) have led to the development of potent inhibitors, including MK-5172, that target the viral NS3/4A protease with relatively low susceptibility to resistance. MK-5172 has a P2-P4 macrocycle and a unique binding mode among current protease inhibitors where the P2 quinoxaline packs against the catalytic residues H57 and D81. However, the effect of macrocyclization on this binding mode is not clear, as is the relation between macrocyclization, thermodynamic stabilization, and susceptibility to the resistance mutation A156T. We have determined high-resolution crystal structures of linear and P1-P3 macrocyclic analogs of MK-5172 bound to WT and A156T protease and compared these structures, their molecular dynamics, and experimental binding thermodynamics to the parent compound. We find that the "unique" binding mode of MK-5172 is conserved even when the P2-P4 macrocycle is removed or replaced with a P1-P3 macrocycle. While beneficial to decreasing the entropic penalty associated with binding, the constraint exerted by the P2-P4 macrocycle prevents efficient rearrangement to accommodate the A156T mutation, a deficit alleviated in the linear and P1-P3 analogs. Design of macrocyclic inhibitors against NS3/4A needs to achieve the best balance between exerting optimal conformational constraint for enhancing potency, fitting within the substrate envelope and allowing adaptability to be robust against resistance mutations.

Description

Grazoprevir (MK-5172) is a selective inhibitor of Hepatitis C virus NS3/4a protease with broad activity across genotypes and resistant variants, with Kis of 0.01 nM (gt1b), 0.01 nM (gt1a), 0.08 nM (gt2a), 0.15 nM (gt2b), 0.90 nM (gt3a), respectively.

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