A sapogenin that is the aglycone derivative of astragaloside IV, a major saponin extracted from the root of Astragalus membranaceus.
InChI=1S/C30H50O5/c1-24(2)20(33)8-11-30-16-29(30)13-12-26(5)23(28(7)10-9-21(35-28)25(3,4)34)18(32)15-27(26,6)19(29)14-17(31)22(24)30/h17-23,31-34H,8-16H2,1-7H3/t17-,18-,19-,20-,21+,22?,23?,26+,27-,28-,29?,30?/m0/s1
Cycloastragenol(CAG), a triterpene aglycone derived from Radix astragali , can suppress the accumulation of cytoplasmic lipid droplet in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.[1]
Two Chinese herb-derived small molecule telomerase activators, astragaloside IV (AG-IV) and cycloastragenol, have recently been shown to improve the proliferative response of CD8+ T lymphocytes from HIV-infected patients by upregulating telomerase activity, they also may exert their cellular effects through the activation of the Src/MEK/ERK pathway.[2]
Cycloastragenol is the aglycone derivative of astragaloside IV which has recently been demonstrated to activate telomerase and represents a potential drug candidate for the treatment of degenerative diseases, it is efficiently absorbed through intestinal epithelium; it moderately increases telomerase activity and proliferative capacity of both CD4 and CD8 T cells. [3,4]
Cycloastragenol and astragaloside IV suppress ROS-associated ER stress and then inhibited TXNIP/NLRP3 inflammasome activation with regulation of AMPK activity, and thereby ameliorated endothelial dysfunction by inhibiting inflammation and reducing cell apoptosis, they are equally effective in regulation of endothelial homeostasis.[5]
Cycloastragenol can remarkably inhibit CYP3A4 and activate CYP2E1 in rats.[6]
Cycloastragenol has been shown to extend T cell proliferation by increasing telomarase activity showing that it may also help delay the onset of cellular aging ; it is an extraordinary wound healing agent; it inhibits the apoptosis of PC12 induced by 6-OHDA, may be as potential neuroprotective agents in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. [7]
English website: Cyclogalegigenin
Japanese website: Cyclogalegigenin
Chinese website: Cyclogalegigenin
[1] Wang S, Zhai C, Liu Q, et al. Biochem Bioph Res Co, 2014, 450(1):306-11.
[2] Yung L Y, Lam W S, Ho M K, et al. Planta Med, 2011, 78(2):115-21.
[3] Zhu J, Lee S, Ho M K C, et al. Drug Metab Pharmacok, 2010, 25(5):477-86.
[4] Valenzuela H F, Fuller T, Edwards J, et al. J Immunol, 2009, 182.
[5] Yan Z, Qiang L, Zhao W, et al.J Ethnopharmacol, 2015, 169(20):210-8.
[6] Wei B H, Jing Y E, Xue B J, et al. Chinese Journal of New Drugs, 2014, 23(4):476-9.
[7] Nesil T, Ürkmez A Ş, Bedir E. Planta Med, 2011, 77(12):1444.
[8] Wang J S. Strait Pharmacy, 2009, 21 (2): 39-41.
