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DNA Damage/DNA Repair

DNA damage is an alteration in the chemical structure of DNA, such as a break in a strand of DNA, a base missing from the backbone of DNA, or a chemically changed base as 8-OHdG. Damage to DNA that occurs naturally can result from metabolic or hydrolytic processes. Metabolism releases compounds that damage DNA including reactive oxygen species, reactive nitrogen species, reactive carbonyl species, lipid peroxidation products and alkylating agents, among others, while hydrolysis cleaves chemical bonds in DNA.DNA repair is a collection of processes by which a cell identifies and corrects damage to the DNA molecules that encode its genome. In human cells, both normal metabolic activities and environmental factors such as radiation can cause DNA damage, resulting in as many as 1 million individual molecular lesions per cell per day.

Products for DNA Damage/DNA Repair

Cat.No. Product Name Information
BCC2149 CUDC-101 CUDC-101 is a potent inhibitor of HDAC, EGFR, and HER2 with IC50s of 4.4, 2.4, and 15.7 nM, respectively.
BCC1057 Daptomycin Daptomycin is a lipopeptide antibiotic with rapid in vitro bactericidal activity against gram-positive organisms.
BCC5542 CAY10603 CAY10603 (BML-281) is a potent and selective HDAC6 inhibitor, with an IC50 of 2 pM; CAY10603 (BML-281) also inhibits HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3, HDAC8, HDAC10, with IC50s of 271, 252, 0.42, 6851, 90.7 nM.
BCC2156 Valproic acid sodium salt (Sodium valproate) Valproic acid sodium salt (Sodium Valproate) is an HDAC inhibitor, with IC50 in the range of 0.5 and 2 mM, also inhibits HDAC1 (IC50, 400 μM), and induces proteasomal degradation of HDAC2. Valproic acid sodium salt activates Notch1 signaling and inhibits proliferation in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cells. Valproic acid sodium salt is used in the treatment of epilepsy, bipolar disorder and prevention of migraine headaches.
BCC3912 CP-466722 CP-466722 is a rapidly reversible inhibitor of ATM, with an IC50 of 4.1 μM, and has no effects on PI3K or closely related PI3K-like protein kinase (PIKK) family members.
BCC3640 Amrubicin Amrubicin(SM-5887) is a novel anthracycline derivative for treatment of bladder carcinoma.
BCC2159 CI994 (Tacedinaline) Tacedinaline (N-acetyldinaline) is an inhibitor of the histone deacetylase (HDAC) with IC50s of 0.9, 0.9, 1.2 μM for recombinant HDAC 1, 2 and 3 respectively.
BCC1064 Gatifloxacin Gatifloxacin (AM-1155; BMS-206584; PD135432) is a potent fluoroquinolone antibiotic with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. Gatifloxacin inhibits bacterial type II topoisomerases (IC50=13.8 μg/ml for S. aureus topoisomerase IV) and E. coli DNA gyrase (IC50=0.109 μg/ml). Gatifloxacin can be used to treat bacterial conjunctivitis in vivo.
BCC4457 Raltitrexed Raltitrexed is an antimetabolite drug used in chemotherapy, acting by inhibiting thymidylate synthase.
BCC3700 CX-5461 CX-5461 is a potent and oral rRNA synthesis inhibitor. It inhibits RNA polymerase I-driven transcription of rRNA with IC50s of 142, 113, and 54 nM in HCT-116, A375, and MIA PaCa-2 cells, respectively.
BCC4250 Marbofloxacin hydrochloride Marbofloxacin hydrochloride is a potent antibiotic of which depends upon its inhibition of DNA-gyrase.
BCC4117 Mycophenolate mofetil hydrochloride
BCC1888 Resminostat hydrochloride Resminostat hydrochloride is a potent inhibitor of HDAC1, HDAC3 and HDAC6, with mean IC50 values of 42.5, 50.1, 71.8 nM, respectively, and shows less potent activities against HDAC8, with an IC50 of 877 nM.
BCC1871 PSI-7977 Sofosbuvir (PSI-7977) is an HCV RNA replication inhibitor with an EC50 of 92 nM.
BCN2604 Topotecan hydrochloride Topotecan Hydrochloride (SKF 104864A Hydrochloride) is a Topoisomerase I inhibitor with potent antineoplastic activities.
BCC2205 BMN 673 Talazoparib (BMN-673) is a highly potent PARP1/2 inhibitor with Kis of 1.2 nM and 0.87 nM, respectively.
BCC1072 Nelarabine Nelarabine (Arranon, 506U78) is a purine nucleoside analog and DNA synthesis inhibitor with IC50 from 0.067-2.15 μM in tumor cells.
BCC1893 RG2833 RG2833 is a brain-penetrant HDAC inhibitor with IC50s of 60 nM and 50 nM for HDAC1 and HDAC3, respectively. The Ki values for HDAC1 and HDAC3 are 32 and 5 nM, respectively.
BCC1076 Gemcitabine HCl Gemcitabine Hydrochloride (LY 188011 hydrochloride) is a DNA synthesis inhibitor which inhibits the growth of BxPC-3, Mia Paca-2, PANC-1, PL-45 and AsPC-1 cells with IC50s of 37.6, 42.9, 92.7, 89.3 and 131.4 nM, respectively.
BCC1078 Clofarabine Clofarabine(Clolar; Clofarex) inhibits the enzymatic activities of ribonucleotide reductase (IC50 = 65 nM) and DNA polymerase.
BCC1389 AZ20 AZ20 is a potent and selective inhibitor of ATR with an IC50 of 5 nM, and has 8-fold selectivity against mTOR (IC50=38 nM).
BCC5646 Topotecan Topotecan (SKF 104864A; NSC 609669) is a Topoisomerase I inhibitor. The IC50 values of Topotecan at 24 h are 2.73±0.25 μM of U251 cells, 2.95±0.23 μM of U87 cells, 5.46±0.41 μM of GSCs-U251 and 5.95±0.24 μM of GSCs-U87.
BCC2158 Tubastatin A Tubastatin A is a potent and selective HDAC6 inhibitor with IC50 of 15 nM in a cell-free assay, and is selective (1000-fold more) against all other isozymes except HDAC8 (57-fold more).
BCC5558 Mupirocin Mupirocin (BRL-4910A) is an orally active antibiotic isolated from Pseudomonas fluorescens. Mupirocin (BRL-4910A) apparently exerts its antimicrobial activity by reversibly inhibiting isoleucyl-transfer RNA, thereby inhibiting bacterial protein and RNA synthesis.
BCC3597 Romidepsin (FK228, depsipeptide) Romidepsin (FK 228) is a Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor with anti-tumor activities. Romidepsin (FK 228) inhibits HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC4, and HDAC6 with IC50s of 36 nM, 47 nM, 510 nM and 1.4 μM, respectively. Romidepsin (FK 228) is produced by Chromobacterium violaceum, induces cell G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis.
BCC5356 Satraplatin Satraplatin is an alkylating agent, with potent antitumor effect.
BCC4794 Lomustine Lomustine (CCNU; NSC 79037) is a DNA alkylating agent, with antitumor activity.
BCC3877 Tubastatin A HCl Tubastatin A (Hydrochloride) is a potent and selective HDAC6 inhibitor with IC50 of 15 nM in a cell-free assay, and is selective (1000-fold more) against all other isozymes except HDAC8 (57-fold more).
BCC3993 TMP269 TMP269 is a novel and selective class IIa histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor with IC50s of 157 nM, 97 nM, 43 nM and 23 nM for HDAC4, HDAC5, HDAC7 and HDAC9, respectively.
BCC2144 Rocilinostat (ACY-1215) Ricolinostat (ACY-1215) is a potent and selective HDAC6 inhibitor, with an IC50 of 5 nM. ACY-1215 also inhibits HDAC1, HDAC2, and HDAC3 with IC50s of 58, 48, and 51 nM, respectively.
BCC6505 AZD6738 AZD6738 is a potent inhibitor of ATR kinase with an IC₅₀ of 1 nM.
BCC3991 RGFP966 RGFP966 is a highly selective HDAC3 inhibitor with an IC50 of 80 nM and shows no inhibition to other HDACs at concentrations up to 15 μM.
BCC6421 E3330 E3330 (APX-3330) is a direct, orally active AP endonuclease 1 (APE1; also known as REF-1) inhibitor, which suppresses NF-κB DNA-binding activity. E3330 (APX-3330) blocks TNF-α-induced activation of IL-8 production in liver cancer cell lines. E3330 (APX-3330) shows anticancer properties, such as inhibition of cancer cell growth and migration[1-4].
BCC1651 INNO-206 Aldoxorubicin (INNO-206) is an albumin-binding prodrug of Doxorubicin (DNA topoisomerase II inhibitor), which is released from albumin under acidic conditions. Aldoxorubicin (INNO-206) has potent antitumor activities in various cancer cell lines and in murine tumor models.
BCC1325 Abacavir Abacavir is a potent nucleoside analog reverse-transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI).
BCC5091 Irinotecan HCl Trihydrate Irinotecan hydrochloride trihydrate is a topoisomerase I inhibitor with antitumor activity.
BCC6383 G007-LK G007-LK is a potent and selective inhibitor of TNKS1 and TNKS2, with IC50s of 46 nM and 25 nM, respectively.
BCC7621 Thiostrepton Thiostrepton is a natural cyclic oligopeptide antibiotic, is a natural product of the ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptide (RiPP) class.
BCC2421 LMK 235 LMK-235 is a potent and selective HDAC4/5 inhibitor, inhibits HDAC5, HDAC4, HDAC6, HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC11 and HDAC8, with IC50s of 4.22 nM, 11.9 nM, 55.7 nM, 320 nM, 881 nM, 852 nM and 1278 nM, respectively, and is used in cancer research.
BCC6541 NVP-TNKS656 NVP-TNKS656 is a highly potent, selective, and orally active TNKS2 inhibitor with IC50 of 6 nM, and is > 300 fold selectivity against PARP1 and PARP2.
BCC5652 BRD73954 BRD73954 ia a potent and selective HDAC inhibitor with IC50 of 36 nM and 120 nM for HDAC6 and HDAC8, respectively.
BCC3759 Cytarabine Cytarabine, a nucleoside analog, causes S phase cell cycle arrest and inhibits DNA polymerase. Cytarabine inhibits DNA synthesis with an IC50 of 16 nM. Cytarabine has antiviral effects against HSV.
BCC3931 Trovafloxacin mesylate Trovafloxacin mesylate is a broad-spectrum quinolone antibiotic with potent activity against Gram-positive, Gram-negative and anaerobic organisms. Trovafloxacin mesylate blocks the DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV activity. Trovafloxacin mesylate is also a potent, selective and orally active pannexin 1 channel (PANX1) inhibitor with an IC50 of 4 μM for PANX1 inward current. Trovafloxacin mesylate does not inhibit connexin 43 gap junction or PANX2. Trovafloxacin mesylate leads to dysregulated fragmentation of apoptotic cells by inhibiting PANX1.
BCC5488 Santacruzamate A (CAY10683) Santacruzamate A (CAY-10683) is a potent and selective HDAC2 inhibitor with an IC50 of 119 pM.
BCC1087 Dexrazoxane HCl (ICRF-187, ADR-529) Dexrazoxane hydrochloride (ICRF-187 hydrochloride) is a cardioprotective agent.
BCC2145 Vorinostat (SAHA, MK0683) Vorinostat (SAHA) is a potent and orally active pan-inhibitor of HDAC1, HDAC2 and HDAC3 (Class I), HDAC7 (Class II) and HDAC11 (Class IV), with ID50 values of 10 nM and 20 nM for HDAC1 and HDAC3, respectively. Vorinostat induces cell apoptosis. Vorinostat is also an effective inhibitor of human papillomaviruse (HPV)-18 DNA amplification.
BCC1537 DOXO-EMCH DOXO-EMCH is a 6-maleimidocaproyl hydrazone derivative of Doxorubicin, is an albumin binding prodrug.
BCC6518 Dp44mT Dp44mT is an iron chelator with selective anticancer activity.
BCC3978 SCR7 SCR7 is a DNA Ligase IV inhibitor with anticancer activity and is also a CRISPR HDR enhancer which increases the efficiency of Cas9-mediated HDR.
BCC2220 Thioguanine 6-Thioguanine (Thioguanine; 2-Amino-6-purinethiol) is an anti-leukemia and immunosuppressant agent, acts as an inhibitor of SARS and MERS coronavirus papain-like proteases (PLpros) and also potently inhibits USP2 activity, with IC50s of 25 μM and 40 μM for Plpros and recombinant human USP2, respectively.
BCC5244 Carmustine Carmustine is an antitumor chemotherapeutic agent, which works by akylating DNA and RNA.
BCN2168 Capecitabine Capecitabine is an oral prodrug that is converted to its active metabolite, 5-FU, by thymidine phosphorylase.
BCC1514 Daminozide Daminozide(DMASA; DIMG; B 995), a plant growth regulator, selectively inhibits the KDM2/7 JmjC subfamily.
BCC6400 TH287 TH287 is a potent inhibitor of MTH1 (NUDT1) with an IC50 value of 0.8 nM, less potent for MTH2, NUDT5, NUDT12, NUDT14, and NUDT16.
BCC6397 TH588 TH588 is first-in-class nudix hydrolase family inhibitor that potently and selectively engage and inhibit the MTH1 (IC50= 5 nM).
BCC7622 Compound 401 Compound 401 is a synthetic inhibitor of DNA-PK (IC50 = 0.28 μM) that also targets mTOR but not PI3K in vitro.
BCC2164 Sodium Phenylbutyrate Benzenebutyric acid sodium (4-Phenylbutyric acid sodium) is an inhibitor of HDAC and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, used in cancer and infection research.
BCC5613 SCH 51344 Potent MTH1 inhibitor
BCC2044 Voreloxin Voreloxin (SNS-595; Vosaroxin; AG 7352) is a first-in-class topoisomerase II inhibitor that intercalates DNA and induces site-selective DNA DSB, G2 arrest, and apoptosis.
BCC2045 Voreloxin Hydrochloride Voreloxin Hydrochloride is a first-in-class topoisomerase II inhibitor that intercalates DNA and induces site-selective DNA DSB, G2 arrest, and apoptosis.
BCC4455 FT-207 (NSC 148958) Tegafur (FT 207; NSC 148958) is a chemotherapeutic 5-FU prodrug used in the treatment of cancers; is a component of tegafur-uracil.
BCC3599 Apicidin Apicidin (OSI 2040) is a fungal metabolite, acts as a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, with antiparasitic activity and a broad spectrum antiproliferative activity.
BCC2507 Moxifloxacin HCl Moxifloxacin Hydrochloride (BAY 12-8039) is an oral 8-methoxyquinolone antimicrobial for use in the treatment of acute bacterial sinusitis, acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, and community-acquired pneumonia.
BCN1225 (S)-10-Hydroxycamptothecin (S)-10-Hydroxycamptothecin (10-HCPT;10-Hydroxycamptothecin) is a DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor of isolated from the Chinese plant Camptotheca accuminata. (S)-10-Hydroxycamptothecin exhibits a remarkable apoptosis-inducing effect. (S)-10-Hydroxycamptothecin has the potential for hepatoma, gastric carcinoma, colon cancer and leukaemia treatment.
BCC7259 DMNB
BCC4115 Daunorubicin Daunorubicin (Daunomycin; RP 13057; Rubidomycin) is a topoisomerase II inhibitor with potent antineoplastic activities. Daunorubicin (Daunomycin; RP 13057; Rubidomycin) inhibites DNA and RNA synthesis in sensitive and resistant Ehrlich ascites tumor cells.
BCC3595 Entinostat (MS-275,SNDX-275) Entinostat is an oral and selective class I HDAC inhibitor, with IC50s of 243 nM, 453 nM, and 248 nM for HDAC1, HDAC2, and HDAC3, respectively.
BCC2518 Fludarabine Fludarabine (NSC 118218) is a DNA synthesis inhibitor, which also inhibits phosphorylation of STAT1. Fludarabine, a pro-drug, is converted metabolically by dephosphorylation to the antimetabolite, F-ara-A.
BCC2082 Doxorubicin Doxorubicin (Hydroxydaunorubicin), a cytotoxic anthracycline antibiotic, is an anti-cancer chemotherapy agent. Doxorubicin inhibits topoisomerase II with an IC50 of 2.67 μM, thus stopping DNA replication. Doxorubicin reduces basal phosphorylation of AMPK and its downstream target acetyl-CoA carboxylase. Doxorubicin induces apoptosis and autophagy. Doxorubicin inhibits human DNA topoisomerase I with an IC50 of 0.8 μM.
BCC2024 VAL-083 VAL-083 is an alkylating agent that creates N7 methylation on DNA, with antitumor activity.
BCC5112 Triapine
BCC2162 M344 M344 (D 237) is an inhibitor of histone deacetylase (IC50=100 nM) and an inducer of terminal cell fifferentiation.
BCC1117 Doxorubicin (Adriamycin) HCl Doxorubicin hydrochloride (Hydroxydaunorubicin hydrochloride), a cytotoxic anthracycline antibiotic, is an anti-cancer chemotherapy agent. Doxorubicin hydrochloride inhibits topoisomerase II with an IC50 of 2.67 μM, thus stopping DNA replication. Doxorubicin hydrochloride reduces basal phosphorylation of AMPK and its downstream target acetyl-CoA carboxylase. Doxorubicin hydrochloride induces apoptosis and autophagy. Doxorubicin hydrochloride inhibits human DNA topoisomerase I with an IC50 of 0.8 μM.
BCC1987 Tasquinimod Tasquinimod is an oral antiangiogenic agent, which has the potential for castration-resistant prostate cancer treatment. Tasquinimod binds to the regulatory Zn2+ binding domain of HDAC4 with Kd of 10-30 nM. Tasquinimod also is a S100A9 inhibitor.
BCC1837 Paradol Paradol is a pungent phenolic substance found in ginger and other Zingiberaceae plants. Paradol is an effective inhibitor of tumor promotion in mouse skin carcinogenesis, binds to cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 active site.
BCC1120 XAV-939 XAV-939 is a potent tankyrase inhibitor that targets Wnt/β-catenin signaling. XAV-939 stabilizes axin by inhibiting tankyrase 1 and tankyrase 2 (IC50s of 5 and 2 nM, respectively), thereby stimulating β-catenin degradation. XAV939 binds tightly to the catalytic (PARP) domains of TNKS1 and TNKS2 (Kds of 99 and 93 nM, respectively).
BCC2163 Scriptaid Scriptaid is a potent histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, used in cancer research. Scriptaid is also a sensitizer to antivirals and has potential for epstein-barr virus (EBV)-associated lymphomas treatment.
BCC4453 Adenine HCl Adenine hydrochloride (6-Aminopurine hydrochloride) is a purine derivative with a variety of roles in biochemistry, including cellular respiration, in the form of both the energy-rich adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and the cofactors nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), and protein synthesis, as a chemical component of DNA and RNA.
BCC4114 Altretamine hydrochloride Altretamine hydrochloride is an alkylating antineoplastic agent.
BCC3864 Teniposide Teniposide is a podophyllotoxin derivative, acts as a topoisomerase II inhibitor, and used as a chemotherapeutic agent.
BCC5024 Zidovudine Zidovudine is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI), widely used to treat HIV infection. Zidovudine increases CRISPR/Cas9-mediated editing frequency.
BCC1833 Palifosfamide Palifosfamide is a novel DNA alkylator and the active metabolite of ifosfamide, with antitumor activity.
BCC4451 Adenine sulfate Adenine hemisulfate (6-Aminopurine hemisulfate) is a purine derivative with a variety of roles in biochemistry, including cellular respiration, in the form of both the energy-rich adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and the cofactors nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), and protein synthesis, as a chemical component of DNA and RNA.
BCC1147 BIBR 1532 BIBR 1532 is a potent, selective and non-competitive telomerase inhibitor with IC50 of 100 nM in a cell-free assay.
BCC2209 AG-14361 AG14361 is a potent PARP-1 inhibitor, with a Ki of < 5 nM, and in permeabilized SW620 and intact SW620 cells, the IC50s are 29 nM and 14 nM, respectively.
BCC3930 Viomycin Antibiotic; inhibits bacterial DNA synthesis
BCC1151 Etoposide Etoposide (VP-16; VP-16-213) is an anti-cancer chemotherapy agent. Etoposide inhibits topoisomerase II, thus stopping DNA replication. Etoposide induces cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and autophagy.
BCC7935 8-Chloroadenosine
BCC5565 Blasticidin S HCl Blasticidin S hydrochloride is a nucleoside antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces griseochromogenes. Blasticidin S is a potent inhibitor of protein synthesis in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
BCC2423 NSC 3852 Histone deacetylase inhibitor
BCC4452 Procarbazine HCl Procarbazine Hydrochloride is an alkylating agent, with anticancer activity.
BCC7899 TMPyP4 tosylate TMPyP4 tosylate (TMP 1363) is a quadruplex-specific ligand, which inhibits the interaction between G-quadruplexes and IGF-1. TMPyP4 tosylate (TMP 1363) is a telomerase inhibitor with antitumor effects in osteosarcoma cell lines.
BCC1164 Ifosfamide Ifosfamide is an alkylating chemotherapeutic agent with activity against a wide range of tumors.
BCC2424 Pyroxamide Pyroxamide is a potent inhibitor of histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) with an ID50 of 100 nM. Pyroxamide can induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in leukemia.
BCC2425 SBHA Histone deacetylase inhibitor
BCC4695 Penciclovir Penciclovir is reported to be potent against HSV types 1 and 2 with IC50 of 0.04-1.8 μg/mL and 0.06-4.4 μg/mL, respectively.
BCC3601 Panobinostat (LBH589) Panobinostat (LBH589; NVP-LBH589) is a potent and orally active non-selective HDAC inhibitor, and has antineoplastic activities. Panobinostat induces HIV-1 virus production even at low concentration range 8-31 nM, stimulates HIV-1 expression in latently infected cells. Panobinostat induces cell apoptosis and autophagy. Panobinostat can be used for the study of refractory or relapsed multiple myeloma.
BCC2160 LAQ824 (NVP-LAQ824,Dacinostat) Dacinostat is a potent HDAC inhibitor, with an IC50 of 32 nM; Dacinostat also inhibits HDAC1 with an IC50 of 9 nM, and used in cancer research.
BCC2153 Belinostat (PXD101) Belinostat (PXD101) is a novel HDAC inhibitor with IC50 of 27 nM in a cell-free assay, with activity demonstrated in cisplatin-resistant tumors.
BCC1170 Carboplatin Carboplatin (NSC 241240) is a DNA synthesis inhibitor which binds to DNA, inhibits replication and transcription and induces cell death. Carboplatin (NSC 241240) is a derivative of CDDP and a potent anti-cancer agent.