(S)-10-Hydroxycamptothecin

The barks of Camptotheca acuminata Decne

IC50: 0.31 μM

10-Hydroxycamptothecin is a dose-dependent growth inhibitor of human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC), and significantly inhibits the migration of HMEC with IC50 of 0.63 μM, resulting in a dose-dependent inhibition of tube formation with IC50 of 0.96 μM [1,2].

An antiangiogenic strategy may be effective as an anticancer therapy, because the growth and metastasis of solid tumors depend on the development of an adequate blood supply via angiogenesis [1,2].

In vitro: The proliferation of human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC) and seven human tumor cell lines were detected by SRB assay, resulting in study the antiangiogenic potential of 10-hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT), ,and the endothelial cell migration and tube formation were assessed using two in vitro model systems[2].

In vivo: Using a modification of the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay defines inhibition of angiogenesis in vivo. Morphological assessment of apoptosis was performed by fluorescence microscope. HCPT 0.313-5 μmol/L treatment was in a dose-dependent inhibition of proliferation, migration and tube formation in HMEC cells, and HCPT 6.25-25 nmol/egg prevented angiogenesis in CAM assay. HCPT 1.25-5 μmol/L induced typical morphological changes of apoptosis (including condensed chromatin, nuclear fragmentation, and reduction in volume in HMEC cells). HCPT significantly blocked angiogenesis both in vitro and in vivo at relatively low concentrations, and this effect was connected with induction of apoptosis in HMEC cells. These results taken collectively reveal that HCPT may be a potential for antiangiogenetic and cytotoxic drug and further investigationis warranted [2,3].

Clinical trial: So far, no clinical study has been conducted.

References:
[1] Vladu B, Woynarowski JM, Manikumar G, Wani MC, Wall ME, Von Hoff DD, Wadkins RM.  7- and 10-substituted camptothecins: dependence of topoisomerase I-DNA cleavable complex formation and stability on the 7- and 10-substituents. Mol Pharmacol. 2000 Feb;57(2):243-51.
[2] Xiao D, Tan W, Li M, Ding J.  Antiangiogenic potential of 10-hydroxycamptothecin. Life Sci. 2001 Aug 24;69(14):1619-28.
[3] Ping YH, Lee HC, Lee JY, Wu PH, Ho LK, Chi CW, Lu MF, Wang JJ.  Anticancer effects of low-dose 10-hydroxycamptothecin in human colon cancer. Oncol Rep. 2006 May;15(5):1273-9.

A novel multifunctional poly(amidoamine) dendrimeric delivery system with superior encapsulation capacity for targeted delivery of the chemotherapy drug 10-hydroxycamptothecin.[Pubmed:24530519]

Int J Pharm. 2014 Apr 25;465(1-2):378-87.

With the aim of developing an efficient targeted delivery system for cancer therapy that overcomes drug leakage during circulation, we prepared a novel multifunctional dendrimeric carrier by integrating long hydrophobic C(1)(2) alkyl chains, poly(ethylene glycol) chains and c(RGDfK) ligands presented on the surface. This dendrimer was able to tightly encapsulate the hydrophobic anticancer drug 10-hydroxycamptothecin (10-HCPT) through simple complexation and selectively target the drug to cancer cells overexpressing integrin alphavbeta(3) through high affinity interactions. The complex has a high loading efficiency, with each molecule encapsulating approximately 20 drug molecules; high stability, without any detectable drug release during dialysis for three days; and high water solubility, achieving an approximately 600-fold increase over the water solubility of free 10-HCPT. This complex exhibited notably high cytotoxicity against 22RV1 cells overexpressing integrin alphavbeta(3) and a far lower cytotoxicity against MCF-7 cells, which express low levels of integrin alphavbeta(3). We expected encapsulated 10-HCPT to regain its anti-cancer activity following selective internalization of the complex into carcinoma cells via integrin receptor mediated endocytosis. As the drug remains inactive before internalization, this carrier has the ability to overcome problems associated with drug leakage in the circulation and off-target effects on normal tissues.

Synthesis of novel 10-hydroxycamptothecin derivatives utilizing topotecan hydrochloride as ortho-quinonemethide precursor.[Pubmed:25481395]

Bioorg Med Chem. 2015 Jan 1;23(1):118-25.

A series of 9-(alkylthiomethyl)-10-hydroxycamptothecins and pyrano-fused camptothecin derivatives were synthesized via the reaction of topotecan hydrochloride with various thiols and alkyl vinyl ethers respectively. In the reactions, topotecan hydrochloride was utilized as ortho-quinonemethide (o-QM) precursor. The configuration of 19 was determined by (1)H NMR and NOESY spectra as syn-isomers, suggesting that the cycloaddition of topotecan with alkyl vinyl ethers could undergo a hetero Diels-Alder reaction. All the synthesized compounds were screened on cancer cell lines HepG2, KB, HCT-8 and SGC7901. Some compounds were selected to assess their inhibitory activity against Topo I via Topo I mediated DNA cleavage assays. The results showed that among those tested 9-(alkylthiomethyl)-10-hydroxycamptothecins, the compounds with bulkier hydrophobic side chains at 9-position have better bioactivities. As well as all pyrano-fused camptothecins possess antiproliferative activity against the tested cancer cell lines. Docking studies suggested that there are more interactions between the novel analogues and the binding site of Topo I.

Anti-tumor effect of (S)-10-hydroxycamptothecin on mouse hepatoma BW7756 and its possible mode of action.[Pubmed:7347154]

Anticancer Res. 1981;1(2):115-9.

(S)-10-Hydroxycamptothecin (OPT), an analog of camptothecin (CPT), was found to inhibit the growth of the mouse hepatoma BW7756, when given at 1.0 mg/kg/day for 14 days. Cell cycle studies using flow cytofluorometry indicated that this drug inhibited the S-Phase of the tumor cells in vivo and the S and G2/M phases in vitro. Similar studies on host liver showed little or no effect. In spite of the narrow range of the effective dose of this drug against mouse hepatoma BW7756, the use of OPT in combination with other antitumor agents may be useful in primary hepatoma or liver metastases in view of its low toxicity towards host liver. A simple cytofluorometric method useful for live cell cycle study has been adapted for this investigation and can be adopted for other drug studies.

Action of (S)-10-hydroxycamptothecin on P388 leukemia and distribution of the drug in mice.[Pubmed:6825126]

Cancer Treat Rep. 1983 Feb;67(2):179-82.

As an inhibitor of the growth of P388 leukemia in mice, (S)-10-Hydroxycamptothecin (OPT) was as potent as the parent compound camptothecin (CPT). Incorporation of thymidine into DNA was the parameter most sensitive to OPT in vitro (ED50 approximately 4 micrograms/ml), but incorporation of cytidine into RNA and of acetate into lipids was also reduced significantly in the presence of the drug. The cytofluorometric profile suggested suppression of the S and G2/M phases. The distribution of OPT in mice at 2 and 24 hours after ip injection (10 mg/kg) was essentially similar to that of CPT, with the exception of a somewhat greater concentration of CPT in the liver. In their pharmacology, OPT and CPT appear to be very similar, despite reports that the hydroxy derivative is less toxic.

(S)-10-Hydroxycamptothecin (10-HCPT;10-Hydroxycamptothecin) is a DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor of isolated from the Chinese plant Camptotheca accuminata. (S)-10-Hydroxycamptothecin exhibits a remarkable apoptosis-inducing effect. (S)-10-Hydroxycamptothecin has the potential for hepatoma, gastric carcinoma, colon cancer and leukaemia treatment.

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