Gancaonin L

[Virtual screening of active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine in treating COVID-19 based on molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulation].[Pubmed:36310490]

Sheng Wu Yi Xue Gong Cheng Xue Za Zhi. 2022 Oct 25;39(5):1005-1014.

We aim to screen out the active components that may have therapeutic effect on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from the severe and critical cases' prescriptions in the "Coronavirus Disease 2019 Diagnosis and Treatment Plan (Trial Ninth Edition)" issued by the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China and explain its mechanism through the interactions with proteins. The ETCM database and SwissADME database were used to screen the active components contained in 25 traditional Chinese medicines in 3 prescriptions, and the PDB database was used to obtain the crystal structures of 4 proteins of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Molecular docking was performed using Autodock Vina and molecular dynamics simulations were performed using GROMACS. Binding energy results showed that 44 active ingredients including xambioona, Gancaonin L, cynaroside, and baicalin showed good binding affinity with multiple targets of SARS-CoV-2, while molecular dynamics simulations analysis showed that xambioona bound more tightly to the nucleocapsid protein of SARS-CoV-2 and exerted a potent inhibitory effect. Modern technical methods are used to study the active components of traditional Chinese medicine and show that xambioona is an effective inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein, which provides a theoretical basis for the development of new anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs and their treatment methods.

Metabolomics study of different parts of licorice from different geographical origins and their anti-inflammatory activities.[Pubmed:32032980]

J Sep Sci. 2020 Apr;43(8):1593-1602.

Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch., known as licorice, is one of the most famous traditional Chinese medicines. In this study, we perform a metabolome analysis using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to assign bioactive components in different parts of licorice from different geographical origins in Gansu province of China. Sixteen potential biomarkers of taproots from different geographical origins were annotated, such as glycycoumarin, gancaonin Z, licoricone, and dihydroxy kanzonol H mainly exist in the sample of Jiuquan; neoliquiritin, 6'-acetylliquiritin, licochalcone B, isolicoflavonol, glycyrol, and methylated uralenin mainly exist in Glycyrrhiza uralensis from Lanzhou; Gancaonin L, uralenin, and glycybridin I mainly exist in licorice from Wuwei for the first time.

Comparison of chemical constituents among licorice, roasted licorice, and roasted licorice with honey.[Pubmed:28779368]

J Nat Med. 2018 Jan;72(1):80-95.

Licorice (root and rhizome of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.) is sometimes used as crude drug after processing. In this report, we prepared roasted licorice with or without honey using 3 lots of crude drug samples derived from wild G. uralensis, and analyzed the constituents in unprocessed, roasted, and honey-roasted licorice samples by high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-ion trap-time of flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-IT-TOF-MS(n)) with principal component analysis. We found that the areas of 41 peaks were noticeably changed by processing. Among them, the areas of 12 peaks, viz. isoliquiritin, isoliquiritigenin, glucoisoliquiritin, 6''-O-acetylisoliquiritin, 6''-O-acetylisoliquiritin apioside, glycyrrhetinic acid 3-O-glucuronide, 5 kinds of sugar-derivatives and one compound whose molecular weight was 386 Da were increased by roasting in all 3 lots, and those peak areas were increased by higher heating temperatures. Among the increased peaks, 3 kinds of sugar-derivatives had larger areas, and 6''-O-acetylisoliquiritin had lower areas than those in honey-roasted licorice. Those sugar-derivatives were the only characteristics differing between honey-roasted licorice and roasted licorice. Meanwhile, the areas of 9 peaks, four of them identified as 6''-O-acetylliquiritin, 6''-O-acetylliquiritin apioside, formononetin and Gancaonin L, were decreased by roasting in all 3 lots, but there were no differences between roasted licorice with or without honey. Those compounds whose amounts were changed by processing could be used as markers for the quality control of roasted and honey-roasted licorice.

[Screening of active compounds with myocardial protective effects from Tongmai Yangxin pill].[Pubmed:26038132]

Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2015 Mar;44(2):145-53.

OBJECTIVE: Based on cell model and HPLC-MS technology, to screen myocardial protection active compounds from traditional patent medicine Tongmai Yangxin pill (TMYXP). METHODS: Fractions of TMYXP were prepared by high performance liquid preparation technology. The cardioprotective effects of prepared fractions were tested on H2O2 oxidation-damaged H9c2 myocardiocytes. The active components were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with high resolution mass spectrometry. The possible active compounds were putatively identified by comparison of their MS ions and molecular weight with literatures. RESULTS: Ten TMYXP components presented significant myocardial protective activities, 5 of which were investigated and presented good dose-effect relationships. Their median effective concentrations (EC50) were respectively 11.66, 17.44, 13.10, 7.332, 15.15 mug/mL. Totally, 11 potential active compounds were analyzed and identified, including Glycyrrhizic acid, Glycycoumarin, Licoisoflavone, Ophiopogonin D', Licoricon, Gancaonin L, Neoglycyrol, Emodin, Angeloylgomisin H, Angeloylgomisin Q and Glyasperin A. CONCLUSION: The myocardial protection active compounds of TMYXP were screened successfully.

Phenolics from Glycyrrhiza glabra roots and their PPAR-gamma ligand-binding activity.[Pubmed:20022509]

Bioorg Med Chem. 2010 Jan 15;18(2):962-70.

Bioassay-guided fractionation of the EtOH extract of licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra roots), using a GAL-4-PPAR-gamma chimera assay method, resulted in the isolation of 39 phenolics, including 10 new compounds (1-10). The structures of the new compounds were determined by analysis of their spectroscopic data. Among the isolated compounds, 5'-formylglabridin (5), (2R,3R)-3,4',7-trihydroxy-3'-prenylflavane (7), echinatin, (3R)-2',3',7-trihydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavan, kanzonol X, kanzonol W, shinpterocarpin, licoflavanone A, glabrol, shinflavanone, Gancaonin L, and glabrone all exhibited significant PPAR-gamma ligand-binding activity. The activity of these compounds at a sample concentration of 10microg/mL was three times more potent than that of 0.5microM troglitazone.