[Effects of pure total flavonoids from Citrus changshan-huyou on blood lipid metabolism in hyperlipidemic rats].[Pubmed: 28994538]

To observe and investigate the effects and mechanisms of the pure total flavonoids from Citrus changshan-huyou(PTFC) on blood lipid metabolism in hyperlipidemic rats. SD rats were fed with high fat diet for 4 weeks to induce hyperlipidemic rats model, meanwhile three dosages (50, 100, 200 mg•kg ⁻¹•d ⁻¹) of PTFC were administrated intragastrically for 4 weeks respectively.After 2 weeks of modeling, their tail blood was taken and serum TC, TG, and HDL-C levels were detected by biochemical method and their body weight was measured. After 4 weeks of modeling, their body weight was measured and liver weight was measured, then the levels of TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, ALT, AST, MDA and SOD in serum were detected to calculate lipid comprehensive index(LDL-C/HDL-C and LDL-C/TC ratios) and atherogenic index(AI); in addition, MDA and SOD levels were detected by biochemical method. The hitopathological changes of the liver tissues were observed by HE staining; the protein expression levels of PPAR-α, Lpl, and Lipc were detected by ELISA; and the mRNA expression levels of PPAR-α in the liver tissue were detected by Real-time PCR. The results showed that gavage administration of the PTFC significantly decreased the body weight, liver weight, liver index, serum ALT and AST activities, the levels of serum TC, TG, LDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C, AI and increased serum HDL and LDL/TC level. Moreover, the PTFC significantly enhanced SOD activity and decreased the concentration of MDA in serum and liver tissue. Further mechanism investigation indicated that PTFC inhibited serum lipid accumulation by increasing the expressions PPAR-α, Lpl, Lipc protein and PPAR-α mRNA of the liver tissues. PTFC could actively regulate blood lipid metabolism by ameliorating hepatic function, improving the body's antioxidant capacity, lowering levels of oxidative stress, as well as positively regulating the expression levels of PPAR-α, Lpl, Lipc protein and PPAR-α mRNA of the liver tissues in rats.

[Isolation and identification of chemical constituents from peels of Citrus changshan-huyou Y.B. Chang].[Pubmed: 19829678]

To study the chemical constituents of the peels collected from Citrus changshan-huyou Y. B. Chang, and further screen the bioactive components as the lead structures.

A novel compound isolated from the peels of Citrus changshan-huyou.[Pubmed: 19244751]

Five compounds, huyouyisu (1), vomifoliol (2), isoferulic acid (3), 1,2,3-trihydroxyphenol (4) and p-hydroxy-phenol (5), were isolated from the peels of Citrus changshan-huyou Y. B. Chang for the first time by utilizing repeated column chromatography on silica gel. Among them, huyouyisu (1) is a new compound. The structure was elucidated by using 1D and 2D spectra.

Preliminary identification of Citrus changshanhuyou elite genotypes by molecular markers.[Pubmed: 17348202]

Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) analyses were used in elite genotypes identification of Citrus changshan-huyou and analysis of its origin. 12 out of 100 RAPD primers and 11 out of 105 ISSR primers could generate reproducible polymorphic fragments. The RAPD-PCR and ISSR-PCR assays revealed that 64 bands out of 117 (the percentage of polymorphic bands, PPB=54.7%) and 58 bands out of 94 (PPB = 61.7%) were polymorphic, respectively. ISSR and RAPD produced 15 and 12 genotype-specific and species-specific molecular markers. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) was used to calculate the similarity values according to these polymorphic bands, and a dendrogram was constructed using NTSYS-pc software. Each genotype and species in this study could be distinguished from others, suggesting that DNA profiles based on ISSR and RAPD markers have produced potential diagnostic fingerprints for various species, and also for genotypes. The molecular phylogenetic tree shows that C. changshan-huyou and C. sinensis formed a subcluster, so we can conclude that C. sinensis is an assured parent of C. changshan-huyou. However the largest genetic distance was found between C. grandis and C. changshan-huyou, it might be explained that C. changshan-huyou is the origin of multitude of natural hybrids from C. sinensis, C. grandis and other species of Citrus.

Species-diversified plant cover enhances orchard ecosystem resistance to climatic stress and soil erosion in subtropical hillside.[Pubmed: 15362189]

Naturally occurring plants in agroecosystem evidently play an important role in ecosystem stability. Field studies on the ecological effects of native plants conserved in orchard and their resistance to adverse climatic stress, and soil erosion were conducted from 1998 to 2001 in a newly developed Changshan-huyou (Citrus changshan-huyou Y.B. Chang) orchard. The experimental area covered 150 ha in typical red soil hilly region in southeastern China. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with six combinations of twelve plant species with four replications. All species used were native in the orchard. Plots were 15 x 8 m2 and separated by 2 m buffer strips. Precipitation, soil erosion in rainstorm days and aboveground biomass of plant community when rainstorm days ended, soil temperature and moisture under various plant covers during seasonal megathermal drought period, antiscourability of soil with different root density under various simulated rainfalls were measured. Plant cover significantly decreased the daily highest and mean soil temperature and its daily variation in hot-drought season, but there was no significant difference of the alleviation among various plant covers. Plant covers significantly increased the soil moisture in seasonal megathermal drought period. Better moisture maintenance and soil erosion reduction was found when the plant species numbers in cover plant communities increased from one to eight. Higher root density in plant communities with higher species richness increased significantly the antiscourability of the soil. It was suggested that conserving plant communities with diversified native species could produce the best positive ecological effects on citrus orchard ecosystem stability.

[Studies on chemical constituents in the peels of Citrus changshan-huyou (I)].[Pubmed: 15015309]

To reveal the pharmacological activities of the components for their further utilization and development by studying the chemical constituents of Citrus changshan-huyou.