A hydroxybenzaldehyde that is benzaldehyde substituted with a hydroxy group at position C-4.

4-Hydroxybenzaldehyde, an analogue of p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, showed an inhibitory effect on the GABA transaminase, and its inhibitory activity was higher than that of valproic acid, a known anticonvulsant ; the antioxidation and positive modulation of GABAergic neuromodulation of 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde partially contribute to an antiepileptic and anticonvulsive activity of G. elata B1.[1]
A series of novel 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde derivatives may be served as lead compounds for further designing new potential tyrosinase inhibitors.[2]
4-Hydroxybenzaldehyde exhibits anti-angiogenic, anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive activities possibly via down-regulating iNOS and/or COX-2, which may be partly responsible for pharmacological efficacies of various natural products.[3]

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[1] Ha J H, Lee D U, Lee J T, et al. J Ethnopharmacol 2000, 73(1-2):329-33.
[2]Yi W, Cao R, Peng W, et al. Eur J Med Chem, 2010, 41(23):639-46.
[3] Lim E J, Kang H J, Jung H J, et al. Biomol Ther, 2008, 16(3):231-6.
[4] HongXia Li, MingYu Ding, Kun Lv, et al. J Liq Chromatogr R T, 2001, 24(4):579-88.