Quercetin, Kaempferol and Isorhamnetin in Elaeagnus pungens Thunb. Leaf: Pharmacological Activities and Quantitative Determination Studies.[Pubmed: 29802806]

Elaeagnus pungens leaf was documented to be very effective to treat asthma and chronic bronchitis both as traditional Chinese medicine and minority traditional medicine; yet the actual effective components still remain unknown. This work is to investigate the anti-inflammatory, antalgic and antitussive activities of E. pungens leaf, quercetin and kaempferol, and their contents in E. pungens leaf. Pharmacological experiments showed that they could considerably reduce ear-swelling of mouse and relieve writhing reaction of mouse; they could also prevent mouse from coughing significantly. These findings suggested that quercetin and kaempferol are major effective components treating asthma and chronic bronchitis. Quantitative analysis results indicated that the levels of quercetin, kaempferol and isorhamnetin varied greatly in different species of Elaeagnus and in different plant parts: E. pungens leaf is more similar to Elaeagnus umbellate leaf chemically; quercetin level is exceptionally high in Elaeagnus oldhami leaf; E. pungens leaf is a better medical part for treating asthma and chronic bronchitis in comparison with other parts.

Flavonol glycosides from the leaves of Elaeagnus pungens.[Pubmed: 28033719]

The leaves of Elaeagnus pungens were extracted and successively purified by a set chromatographic techniques. The structures of the obtained constituents were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods including 1D/2D NMR and high resolution-MS. One new flavonoid glycosides, kaempferol 3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-[α-l-rhamnopyranosyl(1 → 2)]-β-d-galactopyranoside-7-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (1), along with five known compounds (2-6) were isolated and identified. The MTT assay in vitro showed that the isolated flavonol glycosides have no proliferating activity, suggesting no aggravating impact on the increased airway smooth muscle cells.

In Vivo Evaluation of the Antiasthmatic, Antitussive, and Expectorant Activities and Chemical Components of Three Elaeagnus Leaves.[Pubmed: 26576193]

The leaf of Elaeagnus lanceolata and Elaeagnus henryi as well as Elaeagnus pungens has been documented as an effective herb for the treatment of asthma and chronic bronchitis in traditional clinical medicine. This study was aimed at evaluating the antiasthmatic, antitussive, and expectorant activities of the water extracts from the three plants in vivo and analyzing their chemical components by HPLC-DAD. At the medium and high doses, the water extracts of three Elaeagnus leaves significantly prolonged the preconvulsive time (P < 0.01) in guinea pigs, lengthened the latent period of cough (P < 0.01) and decreased the cough frequency caused by aqueous ammonia in mice (P < 0.01), and enhanced tracheal phenol red output in mice (P < 0.01). There were no significant differences in the pharmacological actions between the three Elaeagnus leaves. Moreover, there was more similarity on overlap peaks in the range of retention time from 10 to 40 min by HPLC and many peaks that belonged to flavonoids compounds. It suggested that the main constituents of the three Elaeagnus leaves were flavonoid for the pharmacological activities. These effects were the important evidence for the traditional use of E. henryi leaf and E. lanceolata leaf as well as E. pungens to treat asthma and chronic bronchitis.

Relaxant effect of 1-butanol fraction from Elaeagnus pungens leaf through inhibiting L-type Ca2+ channel on guinea pig tracheal smooth muscle.[Pubmed: 23988619]

The leaf of Elaeagnus pungens thunb. (Family Elaeagnaceae) has been documented as an effective herb for the treatment of asthma and chronic bronchitis in traditional Chinese medicine. In the past years, only a few of preliminary studies reported the chemical constituents and pharmacology effects of the herb, but their action on the tracheal relaxation has not been investigated.

Two new flavonol glycosides from the leaves of Elaeagnus pungens.[Pubmed: 23822169]

The leaves of Elaeagnus pungens were extracted with 70% ethanol and successively purified by column chromatography. Seven constituents were obtained and characterized, all of which belong to the class of flavonol glycosides. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods including 1D/2D NMR and MS analysis techniques. The seven flavonol glycosides were determined as kaempferol 3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-[α-l-rhamnopyranosyl(1 → 2)]-β-d-galactopyranoside (1), isorhamnetin 3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-β-d-galactopyranoside (2), together with five known compounds, respectively. The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliu-m bromide assay in vitro showed that the isolated flavonol glycosides showed no proliferation activity in the asthma airway smooth muscle cells, comparing with solvent as the control group.

Attenuation of gouty arthritis by emodinol in monosodium urate crystal-treated mice.[Pubmed: 23576175]

A series of studies have recently demonstrated that the release of interleukin 1β induced by monosodium urate crystals is central to the experimental gouty arthritis. Elaeagnus pungens has been traditionally used for the treatment of gouty arthritis in China for more than thousands years. However, there is still little known about the active ingredients and mechanisms of E. pungens against gouty arthritis. Emodinol, as a major triterpene compound in E. pungens, has been seldom reported to have an effect on gouty arthritis. Therefore, the potential beneficial effects and mechanisms of emodinol on gouty arthritis were investigated in this study. Results showed that it significantly ameliorated the hyperalgesia, inflammation, and levels of multiple proinflammatory cytokines in monosodium urate crystals-treated mice. These findings elucidate that emodinol exhibits a prominent effect on improving symptoms of acute gouty arthritis induced by monosodium urate crystals through inhibiting the generation of proinflammatory cytokines.

[Water-soluble chemical constituents from Elaeagnus pungens leaves].[Pubmed: 22803364]

To study water-soluble chemical constituents from the leaves of Elaeagnus pungens.