Calcifediol monohydrate

25-Hydroxycholecalciferol supplementation improves growth performance and decreases inflammation during an experimental lipopolysaccharide injection.[Pubmed: 24931970 ]

Poult Sci. 2014 Aug;93(8):1951-6.

Three experiments were conducted to study the effects of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25-Hydroxycholecalciferol monohydrate )supplementation on BW gain, IL-1β, and 1α-hydroxylase mRNA expression in different organs of broiler chickens following a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
In experiment I, birds were fed a basal diet supplemented with either cholecalciferol (3,000 IU/kg) or 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (69 µg/kg). At 21 and 35 d of age, birds were injected with LPS. Post-LPS injection, birds supplemented with 25-hydroxycholecalciferol gained approximately 2.5% (P = 0.03) and 3.8% (P < 0.01), respectively, more BW than the birds supplemented with cholecalciferol over the 24-h period. In experiment II, birds were fed basal diets supplemented with 25-hydroxycholecalciferol at 6.25, 25, and 50 µg/kg of feed or cholecalciferol at 250 IU/kg of feed. At 35 d of age, birds were injected with LPS. Birds fed 25-hydroxycholecalciferol at 25 and 50 µg/kg and injected with LPS had approximately 7-fold and 3-fold less (P = 0.010) IL-1β mRNA in the liver compared with those birds fed 6.25 µg/kg of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol and the cholecalciferol (250 IU/kg) group. In experiment III, birds were fed a basal diet supplemented with either cholecalciferol (3,000 IU/kg) or 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (69 µg/kg). At 28 d of age, birds were fed 25-hydroxycholecalciferol and injected with LPS had 1.1-fold less (P < 0.01) IL-1β mRNA in the liver than the cholecalciferol-fed group. After an LPS injection, birds supplemented with 25-hydroxycholecalciferol had increased 1α-hydroxylase mRNA amounts in the liver (P = 0.07).
CONCLUSIONS:
In conclusion, 25-hydroxycholecalciferol supplementation at higher doses improved growth performance and decreased inflammatory gene IL-1β mRNA amounts in the liver post-LPS injection.

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 1980, 95(1):177-181.

Isolation and identification of 25-hydroxy-24-oxocholecalciferol: A metabolite of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol[Reference: WebLink]

A metabolite of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol(25-Hydroxycholecalciferol monohydrate ) has been isolated in pure form from chicken kidney homogenates.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
It has been identified as 25-hydroxy-24-oxocholecalciferol by means of ultraviolet absorption spectrophotometry, mass spectrometry, infrared spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry, and specific chemical reactions.

J Agric Food Chem. 1979 May-Jun;27(3):650-2.

25-Hydroxycholecalciferol in cow milk as determined by high-performance liquid chromatography[Reference: WebLink]

METHODS AND RESULTS:
A high-performance liquid Chromatographic (LC) procedure was developed for the determination of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25-Hydroxycholecalciferol monohydrate,25-OH-D3) in cow milk. The procedure involved extraction with an ethanol-ether mixture, a set of solvent partitions, adsorption chromatography on silica gel, a partition chromatography on diatomaceous earth support, and final determination by reversed-phase LC on a C18 bonded microparticulate silica column using a 254-nm fixed wavelength detector. The method was quantitative at the 10-ppb level and capable of detection at the 2-3-ppb level.
CONCLUSIONS:
The method was applicable to milk and colostrum. The endogenous level of 25-OH-D3 in the milk was below the detection limit. It was very significant that, even in cows whose serum concentrations were elevated fivefold after treatment with 25-OH-D3, the concentration in the milk was below the detection level.