Potassium Iodide

Potassium Iodide

Effects of meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid, potassium iodide and chlorophyll on lead accumulation in male mice.[Pubmed:28220909]

Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2017 Feb 21;30(1):87-93.

OBJECTIVES: Lead (Pb) pollution is a serious public health problem all over the world, it especially plays severe damage role in children's health. Apart from reducing lead-induced damages, the decrease of lead accumulation is also critical. This study has been the first attempt to investigate effects of meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA), Potassium Iodide (KI) and chlorophyll (Chl) on lead accumulation in male mice. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Eighty healthy Kunming male mice were selected and divided randomly into 8 groups. They were treated with lead acetate (PbAc) intraperitoneally, individually and in combination with the DMSA, KI or Chl once daily for 5 days. Meanwhile, the control group was treated with normal saline during the whole exposure period. On 30th day, mice were sacrificed and lead concentrations were detected in the whole blood, livers, kidneys, and testicles of mice by means of the graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. RESULTS: In comparison with the control group, lead concentrations increased in mice treated with the PbAc and DMSA, KI and Chl diminished lead accumulation in the whole blood, livers, and kidneys. Chl had specifically the same effects on lead concentrations in the testicles of male mice. CONCLUSIONS: Potassium Iodide and Chl, as food additives, had the same effects as the DMSA to reduce lead accumulation in male mice effectively. Our results provided experimental evidence in vivo for the preventive measures of lead poisoning. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2017;30(1):87-93.

Potassium Iodide Potentiates Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial Photodynamic Inactivation Using Photofrin.[Pubmed:28207234]

ACS Infect Dis. 2017 Apr 14;3(4):320-328.

It is known that noncationic porphyrins such as Photofrin (PF) are effective in mediating antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation (aPDI) of Gram-positive bacteria or fungi. However, the aPDI activity of PF against Gram-negative bacteria is accepted to be extremely low. Here we report that the nontoxic inorganic salt Potassium Iodide (KI) at a concentration of 100 mM when added to microbial cells (10(8)/mL) + PF (10 muM hematoporphyrin equivalent) + 415 nm light (10 J/cm(2)) can eradicate (>6 log killing) five different Gram-negative species (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, and Acinetobacter baumannii), whereas no killing was obtained without KI. The mechanism of action appears to be the generation of microbicidal molecular iodine (I2/I3(-)) as shown by comparable bacterial killing when cells were added to the mixture after completion of illumination and light-dependent generation of iodine as detected by the formation of the starch complex. Gram-positive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is much more sensitive to aPDI (200-500 nM PF), and in this case potentiation by KI may be mediated mainly by short-lived iodine reactive species. The fungal yeast Candida albicans displayed intermediate sensitivity to PF-aPDI, and killing was also potentiated by KI. The reaction mechanism occurs via singlet oxygen ((1)O2). KI quenched (1)O2 luminescence (1270 nm) at a rate constant of 9.2 x 10(5) M(-1) s(-1). Oxygen consumption was increased when PF was illuminated in the presence of KI. Hydrogen peroxide but not superoxide was generated from illuminated PF in the presence of KI. Sodium azide completely inhibited the killing of E. coli with PF/blue light + KI.

Effect of Silver Diamine Fluoride and Potassium Iodide Treatment on Secondary Caries Prevention and Tooth Discolouration in Cervical Glass Ionomer Cement Restoration.[Pubmed:28178188]

Int J Mol Sci. 2017 Feb 6;18(2). pii: ijms18020340.

This study investigated the effect of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) and Potassium Iodide (KI) treatment on secondary caries prevention and tooth discolouration in glass ionomer cement (GIC) restoration. Cervical GIC restorations were done on 30 premolars with: Group 1, SDF + KI; Group 2, SDF (positive control); Group 3, no treatment (negative control). After cariogenic biofilm challenge, the demineralisation of dentine adjacent to the restoration was evaluated using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The colour of dentine adjacent to the restoration was assessed using CIELAB system at different time points. Total colour change (E) was calculated and was visible if E > 3.7. Micro-CT showed the outer lesion depths for Groups 1, 2 and 3 were 91 +/- 7 microm, 80 +/- 7 microm and 119 +/- 8 microm, respectively (p < 0.001; Group 2 < Group 1 < Group 3). FTIR found that there was a significant difference in amide I-to-hydrogen phosphate ratio among the three groups (p < 0.001; Group 2 < Group 1 < Group 3). E of Groups 1, 2 and 3 after biofilm challenge were 22.5 +/- 4.9, 70.2 +/- 8.3 and 2.9 +/- 0.9, respectively (p < 0.001; Group 3 < Group 1 < Group 2). SDF + KI treatment reduced secondary caries formation on GIC restoration, but it was not as effective as SDF treatment alone. Moreover, a perceptible staining on the restoration margin was observed, but the intensity of discolouration was less than that with solely SDF treatment.

Palmoplantar pustulosis and pustulotic arthro-osteitis treatment with potassium iodide and tetracycline, a novel remedy with an old drug: a review of 25 patients.[Pubmed:28369847]

Int J Dermatol. 2017 Aug;56(8):889-893.

BACKGROUND: The use of Potassium Iodide (KI) to treat palmoplantar pustulosis (PPP) and pustulotic arthro-osteitis (PAO) has not previously been reported. Here, we report the first successful treatment of PPP and PAO with KI. PATIENT AND METHODS: Among 25 patients with PPP, seven had an associated PAO. All patients were administered 900 mg KI three times per day for 3 months. Overall, 12 patients received this medical treatment for the first time or had >6 months interval since the last therapy for PPP. The other 13 patients who were nonresponsive to tetracycline for >3 months prior to KI treatment were treated with a combination of KI and tetracycline. All seven patients with PAO were included in the tetracycline and KI-treated group. RESULTS: More than 70% of patients demonstrated complete clearance or >/=50% improvement in palmoplantar pustular psoriasis area and severity index (PPPASI) from baseline. In the group with <50% improvement in PPPASI from baseline, all except one patient were smokers. In the KI with tetracycline treatment group, approximately 80% demonstrated improvement. At the end of 3 months, there was remission of arthralgia in five out of seven PPP patients with PAO. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with KI and/or its combination with tetracycline may be a useful treatment for PPP/PAO. Smoking may affect the effectiveness of these treatment modalities.

Potassium Iodide is used to treat overactive thyroid and to protect the thyroid gland from the effects of radiation from inhaled or swallowed radioactive iodine.

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