Vincosamide

The herbs of Vincoside lactam

Monoterpenoid indole alkaloids mediating DNA strand scission from Turpinia arguta.[Pubmed:20717879]

Planta Med. 2011 Feb;77(3):284-6.

Two new monoterpenoid indole alkaloid derivatives, turpiniside (1) and 11-methoxyjavaniside (2), along with the known alkaloids, Vincosamide (3), (3 R)-pumiloside (4), and paratunamide C (5), were isolated from the leaves of Turpinia arguta (Lindl.) Seem. Their structures were determined on the basis of spectroscopic data. Compounds 1 and 3-5 were found to effect relaxation of the supercoiled pBR322 plasmid DNA in the presence of Cu(2)+.

Cardioprotective potential of N,alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl vincosamide, an indole alkaloid, isolated from the leaves of Moringa oleifera in isoproterenol induced cardiotoxic rats: in vivo and in vitro studies.[Pubmed:23321560]

Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2013 Feb 15;23(4):959-62.

Hitherto unknown protective effect of N,alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl Vincosamide (VR), isolated from Moringa oleifera leaves in isoproterenol (ISO)-induced cardiac toxicity was evaluated in rats. Oral administration of VR at 40 mg/kg for 7 days markedly reduced the ISO-induced increase in the levels of serum cardiac markers such as troponin-T, creatine kinase-MB, lactate dehydrogenase and glutamate pyruvate transaminase as well as cardiac lipid peroxidation with a parallel increase in the cellular antioxidants suggesting its cardio-protective and free radical scavenging potential, which was latter confirmed by in vitro study. Rats treated with test compound also improved the ISO-induced abnormal changes in ECG as well as in cardiac histology. A reduction in myocardial necrosis was further evidenced by the tri-phenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) stain in isolated test drug pretreated rats. These findings suggest the cardio-protective potential of the isolated alkaloid and possibly the beneficial action is mediated through its free radical scavenging property.

The major indole alkaloid N,beta-D-glucopyranosyl vincosamide from leaves of Psychotria leiocarpa Cham. & Schltdl. is not an antifeedant but shows broad antioxidant activity.[Pubmed:22891663]

Nat Prod Res. 2013 Mar;27(4-5):402-11.

N,beta-D-glucopyranosyl Vincosamide (GPV), a major alkaloid of Psychotria leiocarpa, constitutes up to 2.5% of the dry weight in leaves. Alkaloid content was not elicited by mechanical wounding or jasmonate. At concentrations found in natural conditions or 2.5 fold higher, GPV did not inhibit herbivory in two unrelated generalist models (Helix aspersa and Spodoptera frugiperda) or in a specific interaction model (Heliconius erato fed with Passiflora suberosa). In situ staining assay showed quenching activity of hydrogen peroxide by GPV. Exposure of P. leiocarpa to acute UV-B stress did not change GPV or chlorophyll content, indicating high tolerance to this stress by the species. In vitro antioxidant tests against singlet oxygen, superoxide anions and hydroxyl radicals showed efficient quenching activity of the alkaloid. GPV was not effective as antifeedant, but it may act indirectly in P. leiocarpa protection against oxidative stress generated upon wounding, UV exposure and perhaps other environmental stresses.

Vincosamide, an alkaloid from Psychotria leiocarpa extract, inhibits the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity with anti-inflammatory activity.

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