10-Dehydrogingerdione

Azelastine a potent antihistamine agent, as hypolipidemic and modulator for aortic calcification in diabetic hyperlipidemic rats model.[Pubmed:32615812]

Arch Physiol Biochem. 2020 Jul 2:1-8.

Aim: Our study aimed to illustrate the effect of the antihistaminic drug azelastine on aortic calcification in diabetic hyperlipidemic (DH) rats along with the underlying molecular mechanism.Methods: Twenty-four male albino Wistar rats were categorised into four groups. One group received normal rodent chow (normal group), while the other groups were rendered diabetic and hyperlipidemic; one received no drugs and served as a positive control while the other two groups received either azelastine (4 mg/kg) or 10-Dehydrogingerdione (10 mg/kg) orally and daily for 8 weeks.Results: Azelastine significantly reduced blood glucose, HbA1c and serum ALP, OCN, downregulated apo B, improved the lipid profile (LDL-c decrease and HDL-c increase), attenuated calcium deposition and aortic calcification as compared to control group. 10-DHGD showed comparatively lower effect.Conclusion: Anti-calcifying effect of azelastine might be related to upregulation of apo A (HDL-c) and downregulation of apo B mRNA expression indeed good modulator of aortic calcification.Impact Statement: Many studies have indicated that high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c) is inversely correlated with atherosclerotic plaque progression and could reduce cardiovascular disease risk. An anti-calcifying effect of HDL-c has been reported and targeting this lipoprotein may therefore be a valuable approach to vascular calcification control. Azelastine is a selective H1 antagonist that was identified to increase mRNA expression of apolipoprotein A. This encouraged us to investigate the effect of azelastine on lipid profile and markers of aortic calcification in DH rats. Our findings showed that azelastine ameliorated aortic calcification and increased apoA expression along with a decline in apo B. This may represent the underlying mechanism while the histopathological findings offered a significant support to the collected biochemical data.

Contribution of aorta glycosaminoglycans and PCSK9 to hyperlipidemia in experimental rabbits: the role of 10-dehdrogingerdione as effective modulator.[Pubmed:31049833]

Mol Biol Rep. 2019 Aug;46(4):3921-3928.

10-Dehydrogingerdione (10-DHGD) was previously reported to possess a hypolipidemic, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties in hyperlipidemic rabbit model. In this study, we investigated a possible new role for 10-DHGD in modulating atherogenic lipid profile by targeting proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin-9 (PCSK-9). Cholesterol (0.2% w/w)-fed rabbits received either atorvastatin (20 mg/kg) or 10-DHGD (10 mg/kg) for 12 weeks along with cholesterol feeding (HCD). Lipid profile, serum PCSK-9 and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), and aorta level of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) were measured. HCD-fed rabbits revealed an atherogenic lipid profile along with increased serum level of PCSK-9 (p < 0.001) and increased serum MIF and aortic TNF-alpha and GAGs (p < 0.001). 10-DHGD administration to HCD-fed rabbits prevented this atheogenicity by modulating the release of PCSK-9, inflammation extent (serum MIF and aortic TNF-alpha) and GAGs. These results provide new insights on the hypolipidemic potential of 10-DHGD. The effects of 10-DHGD was superior to that of atorvastatin in most studied parameters modulating atherogenicity. 10-DHGD is found to be able to suppress the release of PCSK-9, decrease aortic expression of GAGs in cholesterol-fed rabbits and halt the inflammation extent. These effects may provide new insights on the hypolipidemic potential of 10-DHGD.

The modulation of PCSK-9 and GAGs by 10-dehydrogingerdione and pentoxifylline in hyperlipidemic rabbits.[Pubmed:30580599]

Nat Prod Res. 2018 Dec 22:1-6.

The hypolipidemic effect of 10-DHGD was previously reported owing to its anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties. We further investigated the anti-inflammatory role of 10-DHGD in modulating atherogenicity by targeting proproteinconvertasesubtilisinkexin-9 (PCSK-9). Rabbits fed high cholesterol diet (HCD) containing 0.2% w/w cholesterol for12-weeks received either 10-DHGD (10-mg/kg), pentoxifylline (PTX, 40-mg/kg) or their combination concurrently with HCD. Lipid profile, serum PCSK-9, macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), aorta tumor necrosis factor- alpha (TNF-alpha) and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) were measured. Atherogenicity and increased PCSK-9, MIF and TNF-alpha and GAGs (p < 0.001) was proved HCD-fed rabbits. The concurrent administration of 10-DHGD or PTX with HCD feeding prevented this atheogenicity by modulating the release of PCSK-9, inflammatory markers and GAGs. The combined PTX and 10-DHGD in HCD fed rabbits not only lowered hyperlipidemia, but also targeted arterial inflammation to a better extent. In conclusion PTX and 10-DHGD can prevent hyperlipidemia and associated inflammatory process modifying factors predisposing to atherosclerosis.

Dyslipidemia induced inflammatory status, platelet activation and endothelial dysfunction in rabbits: Protective role of 10-Dehydrogingerdione.[Pubmed:30530048]

Biomed Pharmacother. 2019 Feb;110:456-464.

10-Dehydrogingerdione is a novel cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) inhibitor of natural origin. Some synthetic CETP inhibitors have recently been reported to suppress proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9). Therefore, the present study aimed mainly to clarify the effect of 10-Dehydrogingerdione on cellular adhesion inflammatory molecules, platelet activation and endothelial dysfunction markers in addition to PCSK9 as compared to atorvastatin in dyslipidemic rabbits. Dyslipidemia was induced in 30 male rabbits, distributed in 3 equal groups through feeding dietary cholesterol (0.5% w/w) for 3 months. Two dyslipidemic groups were concurrently treated with either atorvastatin or 10-Dehydrogingerdione (10 mg/kg/ day, p.o) and dietary cholesterol. One additional group including 10 normal rabbits fed normal diet served as normal control (NC) group. Both 10-Dehydrogingerdione and atorvastatin significantly reduced serum CETP level and activity as well as PCSK9 and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels but increased high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels as compared to dyslipidemic control (DC) rabbits (p < 0.001). Both treatments also induced a marked decrease in the interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L) and soluble P-selectin (sP-selectin) levels, inflammatory cell infiltration, as well as atherogenic and coronary risk indexes in addition to aortic atheromatous changes and intima/media ratio, respectively as compared to the DC group (p < 0.001). The reduction in these markers showed a significant correlation with PCSK9 suppression and CETP inhibitory effect. Interestingly, 10-Dehydrogingerdione exerted a greater ameliorative potential regarding these biomarkers than atorvastatin. Our findings suggest that 10-Dehydrogingerdione is a promising PCSK9 inhibitor with a significant protective value against many atherosclerotic risk factors.

Potential therapeutic roles of 10-dehydrogingerdione and/or pentoxifylline against calcium deposition in aortic tissues of high dietary cholesterol-fed rabbits.[Pubmed:30173373]

Mol Cell Biochem. 2019 Mar;453(1-2):131-142.

The present study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effects of 10-Dehydrogingerdione (10-DHGD) and pentoxifylline (PTX) either individually or in combined form on calcium deposition in high cholesterol diet (HCD)-fed rabbits as compared to atorvastatin (ATOR), and to clarify the underlying mechanisms. Three-months-old male New Zealand white rabbits received either normal chow or HCD for 12 weeks. The latter group was subdivided into five groups and concurrently treated either with vehicle (dyslipidemic control), ATOR, 10-DHGD, PTX or combined 10-DHGD and PTX. Blood samples and aortic tissue were collected for biochemical and histological analyses. HCD-fed rabbits displayed dyslipidemia, inflammation, atherosclerotic lesions, and calcium deposition in aortas as compared to normal group. This was associated with up-regulation of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), wingless-type MMTV integration site family 3A (Wnt3a) mRNA levels and osteopontin expression in their aortic tissue, along with higher serum alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin levels. Furthermore, a marked decrease in osteoprotegerin, along with a significant increase in receptor activator of NF-kappaB(RANK) levels, was found in aortic tissue of dyslipidemic rabbits. 10-DHGD and PTX monotherapy significantly modulated the afore-mentioned calcification markers and attenuated aortic calcification to greater extent than ATOR. Combination of 10-DHGD and PTX exerted more anti-calcifying effect than either individual drug. Our findings suggested therapeutic roles of 10-DHGD and PTX against aortic calcium deposition in dyslipidemic rabbits, likely mediated by HDL-raising effect and attenuation of associated inflammation. Combination of 10-DHGD and PTX may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for aortic calcification associated with atherosclerosis.

New Insight on a Combination of Policosanol and 10-Dehydrogingerdione Phytochemicals as Inhibitors for Platelet Activation Biomarkers and Atherogenicity Risk in Dyslipidemic Rabbits: Role of CETP and PCSK9 Inhibition.[Pubmed:29740798]

Appl Biochem Biotechnol. 2018 Dec;186(4):805-815.

Platelet markers [soluble p selectin (sP-selectin) and soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L)] are associated with platelet activation and cardiovascular risk. Both policosanol and 10-Dehydrogingerdione are natural products with proven CETP inhibitory and antiatherogenic effects. Present work aimed mainly to investigate the levels of platelet activation biomarkers in the serum of dyslipidemic rabbits and the potential of these phytochemicals either alone or in a combination form to protect against atherogenicity. Additionally, this work clarified their effect on PCSK9, a key player in atherosclerosis progression. Daily administration of policosanol and/or 10-Dehydrogingerdione at a dose level 10 mg/kg bw resulted in a CETP inhibitory activity, increasing HDL-C level. This protective effect was associated with improvement in lipid profile components and a reduction in PCSK9 level. Interestingly, this combination strengthened the CETP inhibitory activity of these phytochemicals, leading to a greater increase in serum HDL-C level than monotherapy. However, this combination did not enhance the reduction in PCSK9 level. Both drugs also decreased platelet activation and inflammation markers such as sCD40L, sP-selectin, and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), and their combination showed a synergistic effect. Therefore, such phytochemicals may be regarded as promising agents in the protection against atherothrombosis risk.

10-DHGD ameliorates cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats.[Pubmed:27376779]

Biomed Pharmacother. 2016 Oct;83:241-246.

Organs subjected to chronic injuries may develop tissue fibrosis. Several factors contribute to the combat injurious stimuli to repair, heal and alleviate any disturbance. Secretion of chemokines, migration of inflammatory cells to the affected site and activation of fibroblast for production of extracellular matrix (ECM) are examples. Recently, few studies have delt with 10-Dehydrogingerdione (10-DHGD), one of the active constituent of ginger extracts that has been published. This constituent proved to be potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP) inhibitor, indeed, a hypolipemic agent. It has been selected in the present study as a natural anti-inflammatory agent to combat inflammation, nephrotoxicity and renal fibrosis-induced by cisplatin. Renal fibrosis state demonstrated a significant increase in creatinine, urea, nuclear factor kappa (NF-kB), insulin like growth factor I (IGF-I), fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23) along with a significant decrease of hepatocytes growth factor (HGF), renal glutathione (GSH) and in confirm to histopathological examination of kidney tissue. Administration of 10-DHGD orally daily for 4 weeks resulted in a significant improvement of both the biomarkers studied in addition to the histopathological profile of the renal tissues. CONCLUSION: 10-DHGD exhibited a marked anti-inflammatory potential, alleviated to a great extent of nephrotoxicity and renal fibrosis induced by cisplatin.

Haemostatic risk factors in dyslipidemic rabbits: role of 10-dehydrogingerdione as a new hypolipemic agent.[Pubmed:25388083]

J Thromb Thrombolysis. 2015 Feb;39(2):196-202.

Micro and macrovascular complications occurring during hyperlipidemia are mostly attributed to haemostatic impairment and vascular endothelial dysfunction. Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) inhibitors have been emerged recently as promising hypocholesterolemic agents to confer protection against lipid-mediated atherosclerosis. Therefore, 10-Dehydrogingerdione (DHGD), a novel CETP inhibitor isolated from ginger rhizomes, was selected as a natural product in the present study to illustrate its effect on haemostatic impairment associated with hyperlipidemia as compared to a currently used hypocholesterolemic agent, atorvastatin (ATOR). Rabbits were fed a high cholesterol diet (HCD) and divided into three groups. One group served as control group while the other groups received DHGD or ATOR. Dyslipidemic rabbits showed a significant increase in serum endothelin-1, ischemia modified albumin, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, prothrombin fragments (1+2) and plasma fibrinogen along with a decrease of nitric oxide level in serum. Daily administration of ATOR or DHGD significantly decreased the aforementioned coagulation and ischemia biomarkers and increased serum nitric oxide. DHGD (natural) results seem to be more remarkable as compared to ATOR (synthetic).

10-Dehydrogingerdione raises HDL-cholesterol through a CETP inhibition and wards off oxidation and inflammation in dyslipidemic rabbits.[Pubmed:24267247]

Atherosclerosis. 2013 Dec;231(2):334-40.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the CETP suppression by 10-Dehydrogingerdione, a compound in Zingiber officinale, and its effect on the progression of atherosclerosis in dyslipidemic rabbits and the underlying oxidative and inflammatory consequences. METHODS: Twenty-four New Zealand male rabbits were fed either a normal diet or an atherogenic diet. The rabbits on the atherogenic diet received treatments of atorvastatin or 10-Dehydrogingerdione and placebo concurrently (n = 6/group). Blood samples were collected after three and six weeks for biochemical analysis. RESULTS: 10-Dehydrogingerdione-treated rabbits showed a significant improvement in serum lipids especially HDL-C in a time-dependant manner. This effect was correlated to its ability to lower CETP. Lp(a), ox-LDL, hsCRP, homocysteine and MMP9 decreased significantly in both 10-Dehydrogingerdione- and atorvastatin-treated rabbits compared with placebo (p < 0.001). Lp(a) achieved normal values by both treatments, while homocysteine did not reach normal values by either treatments. Conversely, MMP9 returned below normal values by 10-Dehydrogingerdione (p < 0.001), hsCRP and ox-LDL were slightly below normal values (hsCRP: p < 0.001; ox-LDL: p < 0.001 and p < 0.05 in 10-Dehydrogingerdione and atorvastatin groups, respectively). The effect achieved by 10-Dehydrogingerdione was similar to that of atorvastatin on hsCRP and Lp(a). However, 10-Dehydrogingerdione exerted better effect than atorvastatin on homocysteine, MMP9 (p < 0.001) and ox-LDL (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In a rabbit dyslipidemic model, 10-Dehydrogingerdione lowers LDL-C and raises HDL-C by suppressing CETP; an effect that modulates inflammatory and oxidative risk factors of CVD. These findings suggested that the naturally occurring 10-Dehydrogingerdione might be a potential CETP inhibitor for the treatment of atherosclerosis and residual risk in CVD.