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Glycodeoxycholic acid

CAS# 360-65-6

Glycodeoxycholic acid

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Quality Control of Glycodeoxycholic acid

Chemical structure

Glycodeoxycholic acid

3D structure

Number of papers citing our products

Chemical Properties of Glycodeoxycholic acid

Cas No. 360-65-6 SDF Download SDF
PubChem ID 3035026 Appearance Powder
Formula C26H43NO5 M.Wt 449.63
Type of Compound Steroids Storage Desiccate at -20°C
Synonyms Glycodeoxycholate
Solubility DMSO : 250 mg/mL (556.03 mM; Need ultrasonic)
Chemical Name 2-[[(4R)-4-[(3R,5R,8R,9S,10S,12S,13R,14S,17R)-3,12-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl]pentanoyl]amino]acetic acid
SMILES CC(CCC(=O)NCC(=O)O)C1CCC2C1(C(CC3C2CCC4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)O)C
Standard InChIKey WVULKSPCQVQLCU-BUXLTGKBSA-N
Standard InChI InChI=1S/C26H43NO5/c1-15(4-9-23(30)27-14-24(31)32)19-7-8-20-18-6-5-16-12-17(28)10-11-25(16,2)21(18)13-22(29)26(19,20)3/h15-22,28-29H,4-14H2,1-3H3,(H,27,30)(H,31,32)/t15-,16-,17-,18+,19-,20+,21+,22+,25+,26-/m1/s1
General tips For obtaining a higher solubility , please warm the tube at 37 ℃ and shake it in the ultrasonic bath for a while.Stock solution can be stored below -20℃ for several months.
We recommend that you prepare and use the solution on the same day. However, if the test schedule requires, the stock solutions can be prepared in advance, and the stock solution must be sealed and stored below -20℃. In general, the stock solution can be kept for several months.
Before use, we recommend that you leave the vial at room temperature for at least an hour before opening it.
About Packaging 1. The packaging of the product may be reversed during transportation, cause the high purity compounds to adhere to the neck or cap of the vial.Take the vail out of its packaging and shake gently until the compounds fall to the bottom of the vial.
2. For liquid products, please centrifuge at 500xg to gather the liquid to the bottom of the vial.
3. Try to avoid loss or contamination during the experiment.
Shipping Condition Packaging according to customer requirements(5mg, 10mg, 20mg and more). Ship via FedEx, DHL, UPS, EMS or other couriers with RT, or blue ice upon request.

Source of Glycodeoxycholic acid

The derivatives of deoxycholic acid and glycine.

Biological Activity of Glycodeoxycholic acid

DescriptionGlycodeoxycholic acid levels could as prognostic biomarker in acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure patients. Glycodeoxycholic acid can induce the apoptosis of SMMC-7721 cells.
Targetsp53
In vitro

The effect of glycodeoxycholic acid on P53 expression in the apoptosis of SMMC-7721 cells[Reference: WebLink]

Chinese Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science, 2009, 27(3):167-169.

To investigate the effect of Glycodeoxycholic acid(GDCA) on apoptosis of and P53 expression in SMMC-7721 cells.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
Apoptotic rate was examined by Annexin V.P53 mRNA was analyzed by RT-PCR,and P53 protein was measured by immunohistochemistry technique.Compared with the control,SMMC-7721 cells treated with GDCA had significantly increased apoptotic rate in a dose-and time-dependent manner.After treated with 200 μmol/L GDCA,the apoptotic rates of the cells at 48 h and 72 h were(7.67±2.35)% and(12.93±1.48)% respectively.When the GDCA concentration was raised to 400 μmol/L,the apoptotic rates of the cells at 48 h and 72 h also increased to(13.14±2.56)% and(14.22±2.11)% respectively.The p53 mRNA in SMMC-7721 cells was up-regulated,whereas the mutant P53 protein was obviously inhibited after the cells were treated with GDCA.
CONCLUSIONS:
GDCA can induce the apoptosis of SMMC-7721 cells.

In vivo

Glycodeoxycholic Acid Levels as Prognostic Biomarker in Acetaminophen-Induced Acute Liver Failure Patients[Pubmed: 25239633]

Toxicol Sci. 2014 Dec; 142(2): 436–444.

Acetaminophen (APAP)-induced acute liver failure (ALF) remains a major clinical problem. Although a majority of patients recovers after severe liver injury, a subpopulation of patients proceeds to ALF. Bile acids are generated in the liver and accumulate in blood during liver injury, and as such, have been proposed as biomarkers for liver injury and dysfunction. The goal of this study was to determine whether individual bile acid levels could determine outcome in patients with APAP-induced ALF (AALF).
METHODS AND RESULTS:
Serum bile acid levels were measured in AALF patients using mass spectrometry. Bile acid levels were elevated 5–80-fold above control values in injured patients on day 1 after the overdose and decreased over the course of hospital stay. Interestingly, Glycodeoxycholic acid (GDCA) was significantly increased in non-surviving AALF patients compared with survivors. GDCA values obtained at peak alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and from day 1 of admission indicated GDCA could predict survival in these patients by receiver-operating characteristic analysis (AUC = 0.70 for day 1, AUC = 0.68 for peak ALT). Of note, AALF patients also had significantly higher levels of serum bile acids than patients with active cholestatic liver injury.
CONCLUSIONS:
These data suggest measurements of GDCA in this patient cohort modestly predicted outcome and may serve as a prognostic biomarker. Furthermore, accumulation of bile acids in serum or plasma may be a result of liver cell dysfunction and not cholestasis, suggesting elevation of circulating bile acid levels may be a consequence and not a cause of liver injury.

Glycodeoxycholic acid Dilution Calculator

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Glycodeoxycholic acid Molarity Calculator

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Preparing Stock Solutions of Glycodeoxycholic acid

1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 20 mg 25 mg
1 mM 2.2241 mL 11.1203 mL 22.2405 mL 44.481 mL 55.6013 mL
5 mM 0.4448 mL 2.2241 mL 4.4481 mL 8.8962 mL 11.1203 mL
10 mM 0.2224 mL 1.112 mL 2.2241 mL 4.4481 mL 5.5601 mL
50 mM 0.0445 mL 0.2224 mL 0.4448 mL 0.8896 mL 1.112 mL
100 mM 0.0222 mL 0.1112 mL 0.2224 mL 0.4448 mL 0.556 mL
* Note: If you are in the process of experiment, it's necessary to make the dilution ratios of the samples. The dilution data above is only for reference. Normally, it's can get a better solubility within lower of Concentrations.

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References on Glycodeoxycholic acid

High expression of CCDC25 in cholangiocarcinoma tissue samples.[Pubmed:28789463]

Oncol Lett. 2017 Aug;14(2):2566-2572.

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a malignant transformation of biliary epithelial cells. It is a slow growing tumor, but is also highly metastatic with a poor prognosis. Bile acids are known to transactivate the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in cholangiocytes and induce cyclooxygenase-2 expression. The protein expression profiles of bile acid-treated CCA cells were studied using a proteomic approach. To elucidate the possible mechanisms involved in the bile acid-mediated enhancement of CCA cell migration, the effects of six bile acids, including cholic, deoxycholic, taurocholic, taurodeoxycholic, glycocholic and Glycodeoxycholic acid, on the migration of CCA cells were examined in vitro using wound healing assays. Subsequently, the possible proteins involved in enhanced CCA cell migration were investigated using a proteomic approach. Changes to the protein expression profiles of CCA cells following bile acid treatment was examined using two-dimensional electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. The results demonstrated that cholic and deoxycholic acid significantly enhanced the migration of CCA cells, compared with the treated MMNK-1 control cells. CCA cells had 77 overexpressed protein spots following cholic acid treatment, and 50 protein spots following deoxycholic acid treatment, compared with the treated MMNK-1 control cells. Liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry analysis revealed that coiled-coil domain containing 25 (CCDC25) was significantly overexpressed in cholic acid-treated CCA cells compared with in cholic acid-treated control cells. When the expression levels of CCDC25 were investigated using western blot analysis, CCDC25 was demonstrated to be highly expressed in CCA tissues, but not in the adjacent non-cancerous tissue samples. The identified proteins were further analyzed for protein-chemical interactions using STITCH version 3.1 software. CCDC25 protein was identified to be associated with Son of sevenless homolog 1 and growth factor receptor-bound protein 2, which are involved in EGFR signaling. The results of the present study demonstrated that following cholic acid treatment, CCDC25 is overexpressed in CCA cells, which is associated with significantly enhanced cell migration. This suggests that CCDC25 is a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of patients with CCA.

Bile acid patterns in commercially available oxgall powders used for the evaluation of the bile tolerance ability of potential probiotics.[Pubmed:29494656]

PLoS One. 2018 Mar 1;13(3):e0192964.

This study aimed to analyze the bile acid patterns in commercially available oxgall powders used for evaluation of the bile tolerance ability of probiotic bacteria. Qxgall powders purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, Oxoid and BD Difco were dissolved in distilled water, and analyzed. Conjugated bile acids were profiled by ion-pair high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), free bile acids were detected as their p-bromophenacyl ester derivatives using reversed-phase HPLC after extraction with acetic ether, and total bile acids were analyzed by enzymatic-colorimetric assay. The results showed that 9 individual bile acids (i.e., taurocholic acid, glycocholic acid, taurodeoxycholic acid, Glycodeoxycholic acid, taurochenodeoxycholic acid, glycochenodeoxycholic acid, cholic acid, chenodeoxycholic acid, deoxycholic acid) were present in each of the oxgall powders tested. The content of total bile acid among the three oxgall powders was similar; however, the relative contents of the individual bile acids among these oxgall powders were significantly different (P < 0.001). The oxgall powder from Sigma-Aldrich was closer to human bile in the ratios of glycine-conjugated bile acids to taurine-conjugated bile acids, dihydroxy bile acids to trihydroxy bile acids, and free bile acids to conjugated bile acids than the other powders were. It was concluded that the oxgall powder from Sigma-Aldrich should be used instead of those from Oxoid and BD Difco to evaluate the bile tolerance ability of probiotic bacteria as human bile model.

Antimicrobial cholic acid derivatives from the Pitch Lake bacterium Bacillus amyloliquefaciens UWI-W23.[Pubmed:29702138]

Steroids. 2018 Jul;135:50-53.

Six cholic acid derivatives (1-6) were isolated from broth cultures of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens UWI-W23, an isolate from the Trinidad Pitch Lake. The compounds were extracted via solvent extraction and/or XAD resin adsorption and purified using silica gel column chromatography. Their structures were elucidated using 1D, 2D NMR and ESI-MS spectrometry and FT-IR spectrophotometry. One of the compounds, taurodeoxycholate (2) is for the first time being reported from a bacterial source while deoxycholate (4) is for the first time being reported from a Gram-positive bacterium. The other compounds have not been previously isolated from Bacillus spp. viz. cholate (1), taurocholic acid (3); Glycodeoxycholic acid (5) and glycocholic acid (6). All six compounds exhibited antimicrobial activity against P. aeruginosa and B. cereus with MICs ranging from 7 to 250microg/mL. Cholate (1) also showed activity against MRSA (MICs=125microg/mL) and glycocholic acid (6) against S. cerevisiae (MICs=15.6microg/mL).

Description

Glycodeoxycholic Acid is an endogenous metabolite.

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