(R)-(-)-Ibuprofen

(R)-Ibuprofen, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory, is the less active enantiomer of ibuprofen, an inhibitor of Cox-1 and Cox-2.

An integrated safety analysis of intravenous ibuprofen (Caldolor((R))) in adults.[Pubmed:26604816]

J Pain Res. 2015 Oct 23;8:753-65.

Intravenous (IV) nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as IV ibuprofen are increasingly used as a component of multimodal pain management in the inpatient and outpatient settings. The safety of IV ibuprofen as assessed in ten sponsored clinical studies is presented in this analysis. Overall, 1,752 adult patients have been included in safety and efficacy trials over 11 years; 1,220 of these patients have received IV ibuprofen and 532 received either placebo or comparator medication. The incidence of adverse events (AEs), serious AEs, and changes in vital signs and clinically significant laboratory parameters have been summarized and compared to patients receiving placebo or active comparator drug. Overall, IV ibuprofen has been well tolerated by hospitalized and outpatient patients when administered both prior to surgery and postoperatively as well as for nonsurgical pain or fever. The overall incidence of AEs is lower in patients receiving IV ibuprofen as compared to those receiving placebo in this integrated analysis. Specific analysis of hematological and renal effects showed no increased risk for patients receiving IV ibuprofen. A subset analysis of elderly patients suggests that no dose adjustment is needed in this higher risk population. This integrated safety analysis demonstrates that IV ibuprofen can be safely administered prior to surgery and continued in the postoperative period as a component of multimodal pain management.

Significant solubility of carbon dioxide in Soluplus((R)) facilitates impregnation of ibuprofen using supercritical fluid technology.[Pubmed:28375669]

Pharm Dev Technol. 2018 Sep;23(7):697-705.

Treatment of Soluplus((R)) with supercritical carbon dioxide allows promising applications in preparing dispersions of amorphous solids. Several characterization techniques were employed to reveal this effect, including CO2 gas sorption under high pressure and physicochemical characterizations techniques. A gravimetric method was used to determine the solubility of carbon dioxide in the polymer at elevated pressure. The following physicochemical characterizations were used: thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform, infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Drug loading of the polymer with ibuprofen as a model drug was also investigated. The proposed treatment with supercritical carbon dioxide allows to prepare solid solutions of Soluplus((R)) in less than two hours at temperatures that do not exceed 45 degrees C, which is a great advantage to be used for thermolabile drugs. The advantages of using this technology for Soluplus((R)) formulations lies behind the high sorption capability of carbon dioxide inside the polymer. This will ensure rapid diffusion of the dissolved/dispersed drug inside the polymer under process conditions and rapid precipitation of the drug in the amorphous form during depressurization accompanied by foaming of the polymer.

Parmacokinetic evaluation of ibuprofen controlled release matrix tablets using hydrophilic Eudragit(R) polymer and co-excipients.[Pubmed:26408874]

Pak J Pharm Sci. 2015 Sep;28(5):1745-55.

The present study was conducted to formulate controlled release dosage forms containing Ibuprofen with Eudragit(R) S 100 polymer. The tablets were formulated at three different ratios with the polymer to investigate the effect of different concentrations of polymer on in vitro drug release patterns/kinetics and in vivo absorption/pharmacokinetics. Pre-formulation studies were conducted including bulk density, tapped density, compressibility index, Hausner ratio and angle of repose. In vitro studies were conducted using phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) as dissolution medium. In vivo performance was evaluated using albino rabbits. Physico-chemical characteristics (i.e. dimensional tests, weight variation, hardness, friability and drug content determination) fell in the USP acceptable limits. The compressibility index was found to range between 12.02 +/- 0.01% and 18.66 +/- 0.03%, the Hausner ratio varied between 1.02 +/- 0.01 and 1.19 +/- 0.10 and the angle of repose ranged from 15.19 +/- 0.01 to 24.52 +/- 0.10, all indicating better flow properties than the bulk-reference standard. Both bulk and tapped densities also fell in the USP acceptable range. Ibuprofen market tablets showed Tmax of 2.1 +/- 0.4h, which was significantly (P-value <0.05) lower compared to that of the reference standard (i.e. 4.09 +/- 1.3h). Ibuprofen test formulation has a half-life (t1/2) of 16.9 +/- 2.5h, which was significantly (P-value<0.001) higher compared to that of the reference standard (i.e. 9.23 +/- 2.9h). Eudragit(R) S 100 polymers can be used efficiently to develop directly compressed prolonged release tablets.

A clinical trial comparing Lanconone(R) with ibuprofen for rapid relief in acute joint pain.[Pubmed:27052991]

Trials. 2016 Apr 6;17:189.

BACKGROUND: To study the effect of Lanconone(R) (1000 mg) on acute pain on exertion as compared to the standard of care, Ibuprofen (400 mg). METHOD: The study recruited 72 subjects diagnosed with mild to moderate knee joint pain on exertion. Subjects with Pain Visual Analogue Scale of more than 40 mm were included. Uphill walking was provided as the stressor using Naughton's protocol on a treadmill. The subjects walked for 10 minutes continuously followed by a rest period and baseline pain score for index knee joint was recorded. Subjects were administered a single dose of Lanconone(R) (1000 mg)/Ibuprofen (400 mg). Thereafter the same stressor was provided at 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 hours, subsequently, pain scores were recorded on a visual analogue scale. Double stopwatch method was used to evaluate the onset of pain relief and time taken to meaningful pain relief. RESULT: Both Lanconone(R) and Ibuprofen showed the first perceived pain relief at 65.31 +/- 35.57 mins as compared to 60.82 +/- 32.56 mins respectively. The mean time taken to experience meaningful pain relief in Lanconone(R) group was 196.59 +/- 70.85 mins compared to 167.13 +/- 71.41 mins amongst Ibuprofen group. The meaningful pain relief continued for 6 hours. CONCLUSION: The current study successfully demonstrated rapid pain-relieving potential of Lanconone(R) which was comparable to Ibuprofen. No adverse event related to the interventions was reported in the study. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinical trials.gov NCT02417506 . 21 January 2015.

(R)-(-)-Ibuprofen is the R enantiomer of Ibuprofen, inactive on COX, inhibits NF-κB activation; (R)-(-)-Ibuprofen exhibits anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects.

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