TG100-115

TG100-115 is an inhibitor of PI3Kγ and PI3Kδ with IC50 values of 83 nM and 235 nM, respectively. TG100-115 shows no obvious activity against PI3Kα and PI3Kβ [1].

TG100-115 remarkably reduced eosinophil accumulation, BALF levels of classic Th2 cytokine IL-13, perivascular and peribronchial leukocyte accumulations, and bronchiolar mucin accumulation in a murine model. Besides, TG100-115 showed to reduce airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR) by approximately 50% in asthmatic mice. Moreover, TG100-115 has been reported to reduce both smoke-and LPS-induced neutrophil and LPS-induced classic Th1 cytokine TNFα accumulations in mice [2].

References:
[1] Doukas J1, Wrasidlo W, Noronha G, Dneprovskaia E, Fine R, Weis S, Hood J, Demaria A, Soll R, Cheresh D. hosphoinositide 3-kinase gamma/delta inhibition limits infarct size after myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Dec 26;103(52):19866-71.
[2] Doukas J1, Eide L, Stebbins K, Racanelli-Layton A, Dellamary L, Martin M, Dneprovskaia E, Noronha G, Soll R, Wrasidlo W, Acevedo LM, Cheresh DA. Aerosolized phosphoinositide 3-kinase gamma/delta inhibitor TG100-115 [3-[2,4-diamino-6-(3-hydroxyphenyl)pteridin-7-yl]phenol] as a therapeutic candidate for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2009 Mar;328(3):758-65.

Aerosolized phosphoinositide 3-kinase gamma/delta inhibitor TG100-115 [3-[2,4-diamino-6-(3-hydroxyphenyl)pteridin-7-yl]phenol] as a therapeutic candidate for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.[Pubmed:19056934]

J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2009 Mar;328(3):758-65.

Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PI3Ks) are key elements in the signaling cascades that lie downstream of many cellular receptors. In particular, PI3K delta and gamma isoforms contribute to inflammatory cell recruitment and subsequent activation. For this reason, in a series of preclinical studies, we tested the potential of a recently developed small-molecule inhibitor of these two isoforms, TG100-115 [3-[2,4-diamino-6-(3-hydroxyphenyl)pteridin-7-yl]phenol], as a form of anti-inflammatory therapy for respiratory diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). To determine pharmacokinetic profiles, aerosolized formulations of the drug were delivered to mice by a nose-only inhalation route, yielding high pulmonary TG100-115 levels with minimal systemic exposure. Safety assessments were favorable, with no clinical or histological changes noted after 21 days of daily dosing. In a murine asthma model, aerosolized TG100-115 markedly reduced the pulmonary eosinophilia and the concomitant interleukin-13 and mucin accumulation characteristic of this disease. As a functional benefit, interventional dosing schedules of this inhibitor also reduced airway hyper-responsiveness. To model the pulmonary neutrophilia characteristic of COPD, mice were exposed to either intranasal lipopolysaccharide or inhaled smoke. Aerosolized TG100-115 again inhibited these inflammatory patterns, most notably in the smoke model, where interventional therapy overcame the steroid-resistant nature of the pulmonary inflammation. In conclusion, aerosolized TG100-115 displays pharmacokinetic, safety, and biological activity profiles favorable for further development as a therapy for both asthma and COPD. Furthermore, these studies support the hypothesis that PI3K delta and gamma are suitable molecular targets for these diseases.

Identification of TG100-115 as a new and potent TRPM7 kinase inhibitor, which suppresses breast cancer cell migration and invasion.[Pubmed:28161478]

Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj. 2017 Apr;1861(4):947-957.

BACKGROUND: Transient receptor potential melastatin 7 (TRPM7) regulates breast cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion and metastasis in its ion channel- and kinase domain-dependent manner. The pharmacological effects of TRPM7 ion channel inhibitors on breast cancer cells have been studied, but little is known about the effects of TRPM7 kinase domain inhibitors due to lack of potent TRPM7 kinase inhibitors. METHODS: Screening was performed by using TRPM7 kinase assay. Effects of TG100-115 on breast cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion, myosin IIA phosphorylation, and TRPM7 ion channel activity were assessed by using MTT, wound healing, transwell assay, Western blotting, and patch clamping, respectively. RESULTS: We found that CREB peptide is a potent substrate for the TR-FRET based TRPM7 kinase assay. Using this method, we discovered a new and potent TRPM7 kinase inhibitor, TG100-115. TG100-115 inhibited TRPM7 kinase activity in an ATP competitive fashion with over 70-fold stronger activity than that of rottlerin, known as a TRPM7 kinase inhibitor. TG100-115 has little effect on proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells, but significantly decreases cell migration and invasion. Moreover, TG100-115 inhibits TRPM7 kinase regulated phosphorylation of the myosin IIA heavy chain and phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase. TG100-115 also suppressed TRPM7 ion channel activity. CONCLUSIONS: TG100-115 can be used as a potent TRPM7 kinase inhibitor and a potent inhibitor of breast cancer cell migration. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE: TG100-115 could be a useful tool for studying the pharmacological effects of TRPM7 kinase activity aimed at providing insight into new therapeutic approaches to the treatment of breast cancer.