TP-0903

AXL receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, anti-cancer agent CAS# 1341200-45-0

TP-0903

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Chemical structure

TP-0903

3D structure

Chemical Properties of TP-0903

Cas No. 1341200-45-0 SDF Download SDF
PubChem ID 56839178 Appearance Powder
Formula C24H30ClN7O2S M.Wt 516.06
Type of Compound N/A Storage Desiccate at -20°C
Solubility DMSO : 5 mg/mL (9.69 mM; Need ultrasonic)
Chemical Name 2-[[5-chloro-2-[4-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)methyl]anilino]pyrimidin-4-yl]amino]-N,N-dimethylbenzenesulfonamide
SMILES CN1CCN(CC1)CC2=CC=C(C=C2)NC3=NC=C(C(=N3)NC4=CC=CC=C4S(=O)(=O)N(C)C)Cl
Standard InChIKey YUAALFPUEOYPNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Standard InChI InChI=1S/C24H30ClN7O2S/c1-30(2)35(33,34)22-7-5-4-6-21(22)28-23-20(25)16-26-24(29-23)27-19-10-8-18(9-11-19)17-32-14-12-31(3)13-15-32/h4-11,16H,12-15,17H2,1-3H3,(H2,26,27,28,29)
General tips For obtaining a higher solubility , please warm the tube at 37 ℃ and shake it in the ultrasonic bath for a while.Stock solution can be stored below -20℃ for several months.
We recommend that you prepare and use the solution on the same day. However, if the test schedule requires, the stock solutions can be prepared in advance, and the stock solution must be sealed and stored below -20℃. In general, the stock solution can be kept for several months.
Before use, we recommend that you leave the vial at room temperature for at least an hour before opening it.
About Packaging 1. The packaging of the product may be reversed during transportation, cause the high purity compounds to adhere to the neck or cap of the vial.Take the vail out of its packaging and shake gently until the compounds fall to the bottom of the vial.
2. For liquid products, please centrifuge at 500xg to gather the liquid to the bottom of the vial.
3. Try to avoid loss or contamination during the experiment.
Shipping Condition Packaging according to customer requirements(5mg, 10mg, 20mg and more). Ship via FedEx, DHL, UPS, EMS or other couriers with RT, or blue ice upon request.

Biological Activity of TP-0903

DescriptionTP-0903 is a potent and selective Axl receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor with an IC50 value of 27 nM.In Vitro:TP-0903 displays a potent activity against AXL with an IC50 of 0.027 μM. TP-0903 shows extremely potent activity in cell viability assays with an IC50 of 6 nM against the pancreatic cancer cell line PSN-1. TP-0903 is evaluated for its ability to block GAS6-mediated activation of AXL in pancreatic cancer cells. PSN-1 cells are serum-starved and then stimulated with GAS6 in the presence of various concentrations of TP-0903[1].

References:
[1]. Mollard A, et al. Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of a Series of Novel Axl Kinase Inhibitors. ACS Med Chem Lett. 2011 Dec 8;2(12):907-912.

Protocol

Kinase Assay [1]
TP-0903 is diluted in kinase reaction buffer and are briefly incubated with Axl kinase. The reaction is initiated by the addition of ATP and fluorescein-labeled poly-GT substrate. Concentration of the various components in the assay (10 μL reaction volume) are: 1% DMSO, 93 ng/mL Axl kinase, 20 μL ATP, and 200 nM fluorescein poly-GT substrate. The incubation is for 60 min at room temperature, the enzyme reaction is stopped by addition of 10 μL terbium-labeled anti-phosphotyrosine PY20 antibody in EDTA-containing buffer. Final concentration of EDTA and antibody after addition to the reaction is 10 mM and 2 nM, respectively. After one hour incubation at room temperature, fluorescence is measured with excitation of 320 nm and dual emission of 495 and 520 nm on an microplate reader[1].

Cell Assay [1]
For cell proliferation assays, 45 μL containing 1000 cells per well are seeded into solid white 384-well plates in appropriate media. The following day, TP-0903 is diluted in serum free growth media to 10x desired concentrations and 5 μL is added to each well. Combined compound and cells are incubated for 96 hours. Following incubation, 40 μL of ATP-Lite solution is added to each well, incubated for an additional 10 minutes at room temperature and luminescence is measured on an microplate reader[1].

References:
[1]. Mollard A, et al. Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of a Series of Novel Axl Kinase Inhibitors. ACS Med Chem Lett. 2011 Dec 8;2(12):907-912.

TP-0903 Dilution Calculator

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TP-0903 Molarity Calculator

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Preparing Stock Solutions of TP-0903

1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 20 mg 25 mg
1 mM 1.9378 mL 9.6888 mL 19.3776 mL 38.7552 mL 48.444 mL
5 mM 0.3876 mL 1.9378 mL 3.8755 mL 7.751 mL 9.6888 mL
10 mM 0.1938 mL 0.9689 mL 1.9378 mL 3.8755 mL 4.8444 mL
50 mM 0.0388 mL 0.1938 mL 0.3876 mL 0.7751 mL 0.9689 mL
100 mM 0.0194 mL 0.0969 mL 0.1938 mL 0.3876 mL 0.4844 mL
* Note: If you are in the process of experiment, it's necessary to make the dilution ratios of the samples. The dilution data above is only for reference. Normally, it's can get a better solubility within lower of Concentrations.

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Background on TP-0903

Description:

IC50: 0.027 μM against AXL

AXL and other TAM family members are known to be involved in maintaining the mesenchymal phenotype in cancer cells. Mesenchymal cells have increased invasion and migratory properties, enhanced cell survival in stressed environments, as well as increased resistance to targeted therapies. TP-0903 is a potent anti-cancer agent targeting the AXL receptor tyrosine kinase.

In vitro: On the basis of the potency of TP-0903 in biochemical assays, its activity in cell-based studies was evaluated. TP-0903 showed extremely potent activity in cell viability assays against the pancreatic cancer cell line PSN-1. More importantly, TP-0903 was evaluated for its ability to block GAS6-mediated activation of AXL in pancreatic cancer cells. PSN-1 cells were serum-starved and then stimulated with GAS6 in the presence of various concentrations of TP-0903 [1].

In vivo: TP-0903 restores sensitivity to erlotinib in cell-based and preclinical animal models of cancer by reversing the mesenchymal phenotype driving resistance [2].

Clinical trial: Up to now, TP-0903 is still in the preclinical development stage.

Reference:
[1] Mollard A, Warner SL, Call LT, Wade ML, Bearss JJ, Verma A, Sharma S, Vankayalapati H, Bearss DJ.  Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of a Series of Novel Axl Kinase Inhibitors. ACS Med Chem Lett. 2011 Dec 8;2(12):907-912.
[2] ToleroPharmaceuticals, Inc–TP-0903.  http://www.toleropharmaceuticals.com/TP-0903.html.

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References on TP-0903

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells from ibrutinib treated patients are sensitive to Axl receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy.[Pubmed:30647852]

Oncotarget. 2018 Dec 14;9(98):37173-37184.

Earlier we have shown the expression of a constitutively active receptor tyrosine kinase Axl in CLL B-cells from previously untreated CLL patients, and that Axl inhibitor TP-0903 induces robust leukemic B-cell death. To explore whether Axl is an effective target in relapsed/refractory CLL patients, we analyzed CLL B-cells obtained from CLL patients on ibrutinib therapy. Ibrutinib-exposed CLL B-cells were treated with increasing doses (0.01- 0.50muM) of a new formulation of high-affinity Axl inhibitor, TP-0903 (tartrate salt), for 24 hours and LD50 doses were determined. Sensitivity of CLL B-cells was compared with known prognostic factors and effect of TP-0903 was also evaluated on Axl signaling pathway in CLL B-cells from this cohort. We detected sustained overexpression of Axl in CLL B-cells from CLL patients on ibrutinib treatment, suggests targeting Axl could be a promising strategy to overcome drug resistance and killing of CLL B-cells in these patients. We found that CLL B-cells from sixty-nine percent of relapsed CLL patients actively on ibrutinib therapy were found to be highly sensitive to TP-0903 with induction of apoptosis at nanomolar doses (TP-0903 treatment effectively inhibited Axl phosphorylation and reduced expression levels of anti-apoptotic proteins (Mcl-1, XIAP) in ibrutinib exposed CLL B-cells. In total, our in vitro preclinical studies showing that TP-0903 is very effective at inducing apoptosis in CLL B-cells obtained from ibrutinib-exposed patients supports further testing of this drug in relapsed/refractory CLL.

TP-0903 inhibits neuroblastoma cell growth and enhances the sensitivity to conventional chemotherapy.[Pubmed:29154838]

Eur J Pharmacol. 2018 Jan 5;818:435-448.

Neuroblastoma (NB) is an embryonal tumor with low cure rate for patients classified as high-risk. This class of NB tumors shows a very complex genomic background and requires aggressive treatment strategies. In this work we evaluated the efficacy of the novel multi-kinase inhibitor TP-0903 in impairing NB cells' growth, proliferation and motility. In vitro studies were performed using cell lines with different molecular background, and in vivo studies were done using the zebrafish experimental model. Our results confirmed a strong cytotoxicity of TP-0903 already at the sub-micro molar concentrations. The observed cytotoxicity of TP-0903 was irreversible and the resulting apoptosis was caspase dependent. In addition, TP-0903 impaired colony formation and neurosphere creation. Depending on the molecular background of the selected NB cell lines, TP-0903 influenced either their capacity to migrate, to complete their cell cycle or both. Likewise, TP-0903 reduced NB cells intravasation in vitro and in vivo. Importantly, TP-0903 showed remarkable pharmacological efficacy not only as a mono-treatment, but also in combination with conventional chemotherapy drugs (ATRA, cisplatin, and VP16) in different types of NB cells. In conclusion, the multi-kinase activity of TP-0903 allowed the impairment of several biological processes required for expansion of NB cells, making them more vulnerable to the conventional chemotherapeutics. Altogether, our results support the eligibility of TP-0903 for further (pre)clinical assessments in NB.

Phenotypic chemical screening using a zebrafish neural crest EMT reporter identifies retinoic acid as an inhibitor of epithelial morphogenesis.[Pubmed:26794130]

Dis Model Mech. 2016 Apr;9(4):389-400.

The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a highly conserved morphogenetic program essential for embryogenesis, regeneration and cancer metastasis. In cancer cells, EMT also triggers cellular reprogramming and chemoresistance, which underlie disease relapse and decreased survival. Hence, identifying compounds that block EMT is essential to prevent or eradicate disseminated tumor cells. Here, we establish a whole-animal-based EMT reporter in zebrafish for rapid drug screening, calledTg(snai1b:GFP), which labels epithelial cells undergoing EMT to producesox10-positive neural crest (NC) cells. Time-lapse and lineage analysis ofTg(snai1b:GFP)embryos reveal that cranial NC cells delaminate from two regions: an early population delaminates adjacent to the neural plate, whereas a later population delaminates from within the dorsal neural tube. TreatingTg(snai1b:GFP)embryos with candidate small-molecule EMT-inhibiting compounds identified TP-0903, a multi-kinase inhibitor that blocked cranial NC cell delamination in both the lateral and medial populations. RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) analysis and chemical rescue experiments show that TP-0903 acts through stimulating retinoic acid (RA) biosynthesis and RA-dependent transcription. These studies identify TP-0903 as a new therapeutic for activating RAin vivoand raise the possibility that RA-dependent inhibition of EMT contributes to its prior success in eliminating disseminated cancer cells.

Receptor tyrosine kinase Axl is required for resistance of leukemic cells to FLT3-targeted therapy in acute myeloid leukemia.[Pubmed:26172401]

Leukemia. 2015 Dec;29(12):2382-9.

In acute myeloid leukemia (AML), about 25-30% of patients harbor a constitutively active receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) FLT3 encoded by a FLT3 allele harboring internal tandem duplication (FLT3-ITD) mutation. The presence of FLT3-ITD correlates with poor prognosis in AML and it makes FLT3 an attractive therapeutic target in AML. Unfortunately, to date small-molecule inhibitors of FLT3 have resulted in only partial and transient clinical responses with residual leukemic blasts resistant to FLT3 inhibitors detected in blood or bone marrow. In this study, we investigated whether the RTK Axl is responsible for resistance of FLT3-ITD(+) AML cells to PKC412 and AC220, FLT3 inhibitors currently under clinical trials for FLT3-ITD(+) AML patients. Upon treatment with PKC412 or AC220, phosphorylation of Axl was significantly enhanced in the FLT3-ITD(+) MV4-11 AML cell line and in primary blasts from a FLT3-ITD(+) AML patient. Consistently, a PKC412-resistant AML cell line and PKC412-resistant primary blasts from FLT3-ITD(+) AML patients had significantly higher levels of constitutively phosphorylated Axl and total Axl when compared with a PKC412-sensitive AML cell line and PKC412-sensitive primary blasts from FLT3-ITD(+) AML patients. We also found that resistance of AML cells against the FLT3 inhibitor PKC412 and AC220 was substantially diminished by the inhibition of Axl via a small-molecule inhibitor TP-0903, a soluble receptor Axl fusion protein Axl-Fc or knockdown of Axl gene expression by shRNA. Collectively, our study suggests that Axl is required for resistance of FLT3-ITD(+) AML cells against the FLT3 inhibitor PKC412 and AC220, and that inhibition of Axl activation may overcome resistance to FLT3-targeted therapy in FLT3-ITD(+) AML.

Targeted Axl Inhibition Primes Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia B Cells to Apoptosis and Shows Synergistic/Additive Effects in Combination with BTK Inhibitors.[Pubmed:25673699]

Clin Cancer Res. 2015 May 1;21(9):2115-26.

PURPOSE: B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is an incurable disease despite aggressive therapeutic approaches. We previously found that Axl receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) plays a critical role in CLL B-cell survival. Here, we explored the possibility of using a high-affinity Axl inhibitor as a single agent or in combination with Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors for future clinical trial to treat patients with CLL. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Expression/activation status of other members of the TAM (e.g., Tyro3, Axl, and MER) family of RTKs in CLL B cells was evaluated. Cells were treated with a high-affinity orally bioavailable Axl inhibitor TP-0903 with or without the presence of CLL bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). Inhibitory effects of TP-0903 on the Axl signaling pathway were also evaluated in CLL B cells. Finally, cells were exposed to TP-0903 in combination with BTK inhibitors to determine any synergistic/additive effects of the combination. RESULTS: CLL B cells overexpress Tyro3, but not MER. Of interest, Tyro3 remains as constitutively phosphorylated and forms a complex with Axl in CLL B cells. TP-0903 induces massive apoptosis in CLL B cells with LD50 values of nanomolar ranges. Importantly, CLL BMSCs could not protect the leukemic B cells from TP-0903-induced apoptosis. A marked reduction of the antiapoptotic proteins Mcl-1, Bcl-2, and XIAP and upregulation of the proapoptotic protein BIM in CLL B cells was detected as a result of Axl inhibition. Finally, combination of TP-0903 with BTK inhibitors augments CLL B-cell apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS: Administration of TP-0903 either as a single agent or in combination with BTK inhibitors may be effective in treating patients with CLL.

Description

Dubermatinib (TP-0903) is a potent and selective Axl receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor with an IC50 value of 27 nM.

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