Hot Natural Products & Bioactive Compounds

D-arabinitol is a marker for the diagnosis of disseminated candidiasis and for monitoring response to antifungal therapy.

1. Robinetin has antioxidant and antiradical activities, inhibits EYPC membrane lipid peroxidation and HbA glycosylation with high efficiency.
2. Robinetin leads to the occurrence of positive induced circular dichroism (ICD) bands in the near ultra-violet (UV) region.
3. Robinetin has anti-mutagenesis and anti-promotion effects, diminishes ornithine decarboxylase activity induction at 6 h after 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate.

(−)Epicatechin is a flavonoid present in cocoa, green tea and red wine. It is a strong antioxidant, has antinociceptive, insulin mimic actions and improves heart health;
it has the potential to increase CREB-regulated gene expression and increase GluR2 levels and thus modulate neurotransmission, plasticity and synaptogenesis. (-)-Epicatechin inhibits cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) with an IC50 of 3.2 μM; it inhibits the IL-1β-induced expression of iNOS by blocking the nuclear localization of the p65 subunit of NF-κB.

Kaempferide has a variety of effects including anti-carcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial and anti-viral properties.it can protect DNA from radiation induced lesions resulting from radiation exposures under in vitro and ex vivo conditions.

Baicalein has neuroprotective, anticancer, antioxidant and free radical scavenging effects, it inhibits mTORC1 pathway and PI3K kinase activity. Baicalein is mainly due to autophagic cell death through activation of the AMPK/ULK1 pathway and inhibition of mTOR/Raptor complex 1 expression; it can induce cancer cell death and proliferation retardation by the inhibition of CDC2 kinase and survivin associated with opposite role of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and AKT.

Luteolin is a non-selective phisphodiesterase PDE inhibitor for PDE1-5 with Ki of 15.0 μM, 6.4 μM, 13.9 μM, 11.1 μM and 9.5 μM, respectively. Luteolin has anti-oxidant, anti-inflammation, anti-allergy anti-myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, and anticancer, has been used in Chinese traditional medicine for treating various diseases such as hypertension, inflammatory disorders, and cancer. Luteolin inhibits NF-κB, and inhibits interleukin (IL)-1β function induction of the inflammation biomarker cyclooxygenase (COX)-2.

1. Chrysoeriol has antioxidant, antiinflammatory, antitumor, antimicrobial, antiviral, and free radical scavenging activities, it also shows selective bronchodilator effect.
2. Chrysoeriol can potently inhibit the induction of nitric oxide synthase by blocking activator protein 1 (AP-1) activation and its anti-inflammatory effects.
3. Chrysoeriol can potentially serve as a novel cardioprotective agent against doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiotoxicity without affecting the antitumor activity of DOX.
4. Chrysoeriol can induce nod genes in rhizobium meliloti.
5. Chrysoeriol can inhibit the downstream signal transduction pathways of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-Rbeta, including ERK1/2, p38, and Akt phosphorylation, suggests that chrysoeriol may be used for the prevention and treatment of vascular diseases and during restenosis after coronary angioplasty.
6. Chrysoeriol can protect MC3T3-E1 cells against hydrogen peroxide-induced inhibition of osteoblastic differentiation.

1. Savinin has antiinflammatory effect, can significantly inhibit tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, and T cell proliferation elicited by concanavalin (Con A), without displaying cytotoxicity.
2. Savinin exhibits potent spermicidal activity and significant insecticidal activity.