D-arabinitol

CAS# 488-82-4

D-arabinitol

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Quality Control of D-arabinitol

Number of papers citing our products

Chemical structure

D-arabinitol

3D structure

Chemical Properties of D-arabinitol

Cas No. 488-82-4 SDF Download SDF
PubChem ID 827 Appearance Cryst.
Formula C5H12O5 M.Wt 152.1
Type of Compound Miscellaneous Storage Desiccate at -20°C
Solubility Soluble in Chloroform,Dichloromethane,Ethyl Acetate,DMSO,Acetone,etc.
Chemical Name pentane-1,2,3,4,5-pentol
SMILES C(C(C(C(CO)O)O)O)O
Standard InChIKey HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Standard InChI InChI=1S/C5H12O5/c6-1-3(8)5(10)4(9)2-7/h3-10H,1-2H2
General tips For obtaining a higher solubility , please warm the tube at 37 ℃ and shake it in the ultrasonic bath for a while.Stock solution can be stored below -20℃ for several months.
We recommend that you prepare and use the solution on the same day. However, if the test schedule requires, the stock solutions can be prepared in advance, and the stock solution must be sealed and stored below -20℃. In general, the stock solution can be kept for several months.
Before use, we recommend that you leave the vial at room temperature for at least an hour before opening it.
About Packaging 1. The packaging of the product may be reversed during transportation, cause the high purity compounds to adhere to the neck or cap of the vial.Take the vail out of its packaging and shake gently until the compounds fall to the bottom of the vial.
2. For liquid products, please centrifuge at 500xg to gather the liquid to the bottom of the vial.
3. Try to avoid loss or contamination during the experiment.
Shipping Condition Packaging according to customer requirements(5mg, 10mg, 20mg and more). Ship via FedEx, DHL, UPS, EMS or other couriers with RT, or blue ice upon request.

Source of D-arabinitol

The bark of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver

Biological Activity of D-arabinitol

DescriptionD-arabinitol is a marker for the diagnosis of disseminated candidiasis and for monitoring response to antifungal therapy.
In vivo

Serum D-arabinitol measured by automated quantitative enzymatic assay for detection and therapeutic monitoring of experimental disseminated candidiasis: correlation with tissue concentrations of Candida albicans.[Pubmed: 7965491]

J Med Vet Mycol. 1994;32(3):205-15.

In order to further understand serum D-arabinitol (DA) as a marker for the diagnosis of disseminated candidiasis and for monitoring response to antifungal therapy, we studied the serum levels of this Candida carbohydrate metabolite by rapid automated enzymatic assay in rabbits with experimental disseminated candidiasis. As a correction for renal impairment, data were expressed as serum D-arabinitol/creatinine ratio (D-arabinitol/Cr). Serum creatinine concentrations were determined from the same sample with the same instrument, thereby allowing rapid determination of the D-arabinitol/Cr within one laboratory.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
The D-arabinitol/Cr was determined in 321 samples from 132 rabbits. The mean serum D-arabinitol/Cr in 31 normal non-infected rabbits was 1.51 +/- 0.2 microM mg-1 dl-1. Among 84 rabbits with disseminated candidiasis and pre-terminal samples, there was a direct correlation between D-arabinitol/Cr and tissue concentration of Candida albicans (r = 0.80; P < 0.001). A threshold of elevated D-arabinitol/Cr (> or = 3.0 microM mg-1 dl-1) was evident in rabbits with a tissue concentration of C. albicans > or = 3 x 10(4) colony forming units (CFU) g-1. Elevated D-arabinitol/Cr was detected in 48 (89%) of 54 rabbits at a C. albicans tissue concentration of > or = 3 x 10(4) CFU g-1 vs. The relationship between the tissue response to antifungal therapy and change in D-arabinitol/Cr was then further analysed. Ten (91%) of 11 rabbits with a tissue-proven response to antifungal therapy (defined as > or = 10(2)-fold reduction of CFU g-1 in comparison to untreated controls) had a > 50% reduction in elevated D-arabinitol/Cr levels. By comparison, 10 (83%) of 12 treated rabbits with no response to therapy had persistently elevated D-arabinitol/Cr levels (P < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS:
These findings provide an experimental basis for understanding the patterns of expression of serum D-arabinitol in disseminated candidiasis and further indicate that serial D-arabinitol/Cr measurements may be useful for diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring of disseminated candidiasis.

Protocol of D-arabinitol

Structure Identification
J Bacteriol. 2012 Apr;194(8):1868-74.

Biochemical characterization of the CDP-D-arabinitol biosynthetic pathway in Streptococcus pneumoniae 17F.[Pubmed: 22328666 ]

The biosynthetic pathway of D-arabinitol, which is present in the CPSs of several S. pneumoniae serotypes, has never been identified.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
In this study, the genes abpA (previously known as abp1) and abpB (previously known as abp2), which have previously been reported to be responsible for nucleoside diphosphate (NDP)-D-arabinitol (the nucleotide-activated form of D-arabinitol) synthesis, were cloned. As a result, abpA was identified to be a D-xylulose-5-phosphate cytidylyltransferase-encoding gene, responsible for the transfer of CTP to D-xylulose-5-phosphate (D-Xlu-5-P) to form CDP-D-xylulose, and abpB was characterized to be a CDP-D-xylulose reductase-encoding gene, responsible for the conversion of CDP-D-xylulose to CDP-D-arabinitol as the final product. The kinetic parameters of AbpA for the substrates D-Xlu-5-P and CTP and those of AbpB for the substrate CDP-D-xylulose and the cofactors NADH or NADPH were measured, and the effects of temperature, pH, and cations on the two enzymes were analyzed.
CONCLUSIONS:
This study confirmed the involvement of the genes abpA and abpB and their products in the biosynthetic pathway of CDP-D-arabinitol.

D-arabinitol Dilution Calculator

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Preparing Stock Solutions of D-arabinitol

1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 20 mg 25 mg
1 mM 6.5746 mL 32.8731 mL 65.7462 mL 131.4924 mL 164.3655 mL
5 mM 1.3149 mL 6.5746 mL 13.1492 mL 26.2985 mL 32.8731 mL
10 mM 0.6575 mL 3.2873 mL 6.5746 mL 13.1492 mL 16.4366 mL
50 mM 0.1315 mL 0.6575 mL 1.3149 mL 2.6298 mL 3.2873 mL
100 mM 0.0657 mL 0.3287 mL 0.6575 mL 1.3149 mL 1.6437 mL
* Note: If you are in the process of experiment, it's necessary to make the dilution ratios of the samples. The dilution data above is only for reference. Normally, it's can get a better solubility within lower of Concentrations.

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References on D-arabinitol

Serum D-arabinitol measured by automated quantitative enzymatic assay for detection and therapeutic monitoring of experimental disseminated candidiasis: correlation with tissue concentrations of Candida albicans.[Pubmed:7965491]

J Med Vet Mycol. 1994;32(3):205-15.

In order to further understand serum D-arabinitol (DA) as a marker for the diagnosis of disseminated candidiasis and for monitoring response to antifungal therapy, we studied the serum levels of this Candida carbohydrate metabolite by rapid automated enzymatic assay in rabbits with experimental disseminated candidiasis. The enzymatic reaction steps were performed on a standard automated clinical chemistry analyser. As a correction for renal impairment, data were expressed as serum D-arabinitol/creatinine ratio (DA/Cr). Serum creatinine concentrations were determined from the same sample with the same instrument, thereby allowing rapid determination of the DA/Cr within one laboratory. The DA/Cr was determined in 321 samples from 132 rabbits. The mean serum DA/Cr in 31 normal non-infected rabbits was 1.51 +/- 0.2 microM mg-1 dl-1. Among 84 rabbits with disseminated candidiasis and pre-terminal samples, there was a direct correlation between DA/Cr and tissue concentration of Candida albicans (r = 0.80; P < 0.001). A threshold of elevated DA/Cr (> or = 3.0 microM mg-1 dl-1) was evident in rabbits with a tissue concentration of C. albicans > or = 3 x 10(4) colony forming units (CFU) g-1. Elevated DA/Cr was detected in 48 (89%) of 54 rabbits at a C. albicans tissue concentration of > or = 3 x 10(4) CFU g-1 vs. one (3%) of 30 rabbits with < 3 x 10(4) CFU g-1 (P < 0.0001). Among all 101 rabbits with disseminated candidiasis, an elevated DA/Cr was detected at any point during infection in 60 (92%) of 65 rabbits having a C. albicans tissue concentration > or = 3 x 10(4) CFU g-1 vs. 13 (36%) of 36 rabbits with < 3 x 10(4) CFU g-1 (P < 0.0001). The relationship between the tissue response to antifungal therapy and change in DA/Cr was then further analysed. Ten (91%) of 11 rabbits with a tissue-proven response to antifungal therapy (defined as > or = 10(2)-fold reduction of CFU g-1 in comparison to untreated controls) had a > 50% reduction in elevated DA/Cr levels. By comparison, 10 (83%) of 12 treated rabbits with no response to therapy had persistently elevated DA/Cr levels (P < 0.001). These findings provide an experimental basis for understanding the patterns of expression of serum DA in disseminated candidiasis and further indicate that serial DA/Cr measurements may be useful for diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring of disseminated candidiasis.

Biochemical characterization of the CDP-D-arabinitol biosynthetic pathway in Streptococcus pneumoniae 17F.[Pubmed:22328666]

J Bacteriol. 2012 Apr;194(8):1868-74.

Streptococcus pneumoniae is a major human pathogen associated with many diseases worldwide. Capsular polysaccharides (CPSs) are the major virulence factor. The biosynthetic pathway of D-arabinitol, which is present in the CPSs of several S. pneumoniae serotypes, has never been identified. In this study, the genes abpA (previously known as abp1) and abpB (previously known as abp2), which have previously been reported to be responsible for nucleoside diphosphate (NDP)-D-arabinitol (the nucleotide-activated form of D-arabinitol) synthesis, were cloned. The enzyme products were overexpressed, purified, and analyzed for their respective activities. Novel products produced by AbpA- and AbpB-catalyzing reactions were detected by capillary electrophoresis, and the structures of the products were elucidated using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. As a result, abpA was identified to be a D-xylulose-5-phosphate cytidylyltransferase-encoding gene, responsible for the transfer of CTP to D-xylulose-5-phosphate (D-Xlu-5-P) to form CDP-D-xylulose, and abpB was characterized to be a CDP-D-xylulose reductase-encoding gene, responsible for the conversion of CDP-D-xylulose to CDP-D-arabinitol as the final product. The kinetic parameters of AbpA for the substrates D-Xlu-5-P and CTP and those of AbpB for the substrate CDP-D-xylulose and the cofactors NADH or NADPH were measured, and the effects of temperature, pH, and cations on the two enzymes were analyzed. This study confirmed the involvement of the genes abpA and abpB and their products in the biosynthetic pathway of CDP-D-arabinitol.

Description

D-Arabitol is a polyol and its accumulation may cause a neurotoxic effect in human.

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