BMS-345541(free base)

Kinase Assay [1]
Assays measuring the enzyme-catalyzed phosphorylation of GST-IκBα are performed by adding enzyme (IKK-2, IKK-1, or IKK-ε, typically to a final concentration of 0.5 μg/mL) at 30°C to solutions of 100 μg/mL GST-IκBα and 5 μM [33P]ATP in 40 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.5, containing 4 mM MgCl2, 34 mM sodium phosphate, 3 mM NaCl, 0.6 mM potassium phosphate, 1 mM KCl, 1 mM dithiothreitol, 3% (w/v) glycerol, and 250 μg/mL bovine serum albumin. The specific activity of [33P]ATP used in the assay is 100 Ci/mmol. After 5 min, the kinase reactions are stopped by the addition of 2× LaemmLi sample buffer and heat-treated at 90°C for 1 min. The samples are then loaded on to NuPAGE 10% BisTris gels. After completion of SDS-PAGE, gels are dried on a slab gel dryer. The bands are then detected using a 445Si PhosphorImager, and the radioactivity is quantified using ImageQuant software. Under these conditions, the degree of phosphorylation of GST-IκBα is linear with time and concentration of enzyme[1].

Cell Assay [2]
SK-MEL-5 cells are treated with BMS-345541 at different concentrations (0, 1.0, 10, and 100 μM) for different time periods. The cells are collected by trypsinization, fixed in 70% ethanol for 2 hours on ice and stained with PI solution (PBS containing 2 μg/mL PI, 0.1% Triton X-100, and 125 units/mL RNase A) at 37°C for 30 minutes. Cell fluorescence is measured by flow cytometry with 488 nm excitation and 620 nm emission filters and resulting data are analyzed using the software program MultiCycle[2].

Animal Administration [1]
Mice[1] BMS-345541 is administered either by intravenous tail vein injection or by peroral gavage to groups of three 18-22 g female BALB/c mice. BMS-345541 is formulated as a 2 mg/mL solution in 3% Tween 80, water. Mice receive either a 2 mg/kg (1 mL/kg) intravenous bolus or a 10 mg/kg (5 mL/kg) peroral gavage. Whole blood samples are taken from individual mice by orbital bleed and cardiac puncture at 0, 0.05, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 3.0, 6.0, and 8.0 h after dosing. Whole blood is centrifuged at 20×103×g for 5 min. Serum is stored at -20°C until analysis.

References:
[1]. Burke JR, et al. BMS-345541 is a highly selective inhibitor of I kappa B kinase that binds at an allosteric site of the enzyme and blocks NF-kappa B-dependent transcription in mice. J Biol Chem, 2003, 278(3), 1450-1456. [2]. Yang J, et al. BMS-345541 targets inhibitor of kappaB kinase and induces apoptosis in melanoma: involvement of nuclear factor kappaB and mitochondria pathways. Clin Cancer Res, 2006, 12(3 Pt 1), 950-960. [3]. MacMaster JF, et al. An inhibitor of IkappaB kinase, BMS-345541, blocks endothelial cell adhesion molecule expression and reduces the severity of dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice. Inflamm Res, 2003, 52(12), 508-511.