IKK-16 (IKK Inhibitor VII)

Cell Assay [2]
SH-SY5Y cells are transduced with 25% (v/v) BacMam LRRK2-GFP G2019S and plated (20 µL/well, 20,000 cells/well) onto eight 384-well assay plates. Then 25% BacMam LRRK2-GFP G2019S transduced SH-SY5Y cells are incubated with indicated concentrations of indicated compounds (e.g., IKK 16, 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10 and 100 μM) for 90 min prior to the TR-FRET detection with Tb-anti-LRRK2 pSer935 antibody. The % inhibition is calculated[2].

Animal Administration [1][3]
Rats and Mice[1] IKK 16 is tested in two animal models. First, its efficacy to inhibit TNFα release into plasma upon LPS-challenge in the rat is determined. IKK 16 is dosed sc (30 mg/kg) or orally (30 mg/kg) 1 h prior to the LPS-challenge. Four hours after the challenge, plasma is collected and the systemic TNFα levels are analyzed using a commercially available ELISA kit. Both routes of administration of IKK 16 at the indicated dose results in a significant inhibition of 86% (sc) and 75% (p.o.). In a second experiment, IKK 16 is also active in the thioglycollate-induced peritonitis model in the mouse. The maximal inhibition of neutrophil extravasation in this model is about 50% at a dose of 10 mg/kg sc. Mice[3] Two-month-old male C57BL/6 mice receive LPS (9 mg/kg body weight) and PepG (3 mg/kg body weight) in 0.9% saline (5 mL/kg body weight) intraperitoneally. Sham mice are not subjected to LPS/PepG, but are otherwise treated the same way. At 1 hour after LPS/PepG co-administration, mice are treated either with IKK 16 (1 mg/kg body weight i.v.) or vehicle (5 mL/kg body weight 10% DMSO i.v.). At 24 hours the experiment is terminated and organ and blood samples are collected for quantification of organ dysfunction and/or injury. Mice are randomly allocated into four different groups: (1) sham+vehicle (n=10); (2) sham+IKK 16 (n=3); (3) LPS/PepG+vehicle (n=9); (4) LPS/PepG+IKK 16 (n=10).

References:
[1]. Waelchli R, et al. Design and preparation of 2-benzamido-pyrimidines as inhibitors of IKK. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2006 Jan 1;16(1):108-12. [2]. Hermanson SB, et al. Screening for novel LRRK2 inhibitors using a high-throughput TR-FRET cellular assay for LRRK2 Ser935 phosphorylation. PLoS One. 2012;7(8):e43580. [3]. Coldewey SM, et al. Inhibition of IκB kinase reduces the multiple organ dysfunction caused by sepsis in the mouse. Dis Model Mech. 2013 Jul;6(4):1031-42.