JANEX-1

JAK3 inhibitor CAS# 202475-60-3

JANEX-1

2D Structure

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JANEX-1

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Chemical Properties of JANEX-1

Cas No. 202475-60-3 SDF Download SDF
PubChem ID 3794 Appearance Powder
Formula C16H15N3O3 M.Wt 297.31
Type of Compound N/A Storage Desiccate at -20°C
Synonyms WHI-P131
Solubility DMSO : ≥ 100 mg/mL (336.35 mM)
*"≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.
Chemical Name 4-[(6,7-dimethoxyquinazolin-4-yl)amino]phenol
SMILES COC1=C(C=C2C(=C1)C(=NC=N2)NC3=CC=C(C=C3)O)OC
Standard InChIKey HOZUXBLMYUPGPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Standard InChI InChI=1S/C16H15N3O3/c1-21-14-7-12-13(8-15(14)22-2)17-9-18-16(12)19-10-3-5-11(20)6-4-10/h3-9,20H,1-2H3,(H,17,18,19)
General tips For obtaining a higher solubility , please warm the tube at 37 ℃ and shake it in the ultrasonic bath for a while.Stock solution can be stored below -20℃ for several months.
We recommend that you prepare and use the solution on the same day. However, if the test schedule requires, the stock solutions can be prepared in advance, and the stock solution must be sealed and stored below -20℃. In general, the stock solution can be kept for several months.
Before use, we recommend that you leave the vial at room temperature for at least an hour before opening it.
About Packaging 1. The packaging of the product may be reversed during transportation, cause the high purity compounds to adhere to the neck or cap of the vial.Take the vail out of its packaging and shake gently until the compounds fall to the bottom of the vial.
2. For liquid products, please centrifuge at 500xg to gather the liquid to the bottom of the vial.
3. Try to avoid loss or contamination during the experiment.
Shipping Condition Packaging according to customer requirements(5mg, 10mg, 20mg and more). Ship via FedEx, DHL, UPS, EMS or other couriers with RT, or blue ice upon request.

Biological Activity of JANEX-1

DescriptionJANEX-1 is a potent and specific JAK3 inhibitor (estimated Ki=2.3 μM). JANEX-1 (WHI-P131) shows potent JAK3-inhibitory activity (IC50 of 78 μM), does not inhibit JAK1 and JAK2.In Vitro:JANEX-1 (WHI-P131) shows potent JAK3-inhibitory activity (IC50 of 78 μM), does not inhibit JAK1 and JAK2, the ZAP/SYK family tyrosine kinase SYK, the TEC family tyrosine kinase BTK, the SRC family tyrosine kinase LYN, or the receptor family tyrosine kinase insulin receptor kinase, even at concentrations as high as 350 μM. JANEX-1 induces apoptosis in JAK3-expressing human leukemia cell lines NALM-6 and LC1;19 but not in melanoma (M24-MET) or squamous carcinoma (SQ20B) cells. WHI-P131 inhibits the clonogenic growth of JAK3-positive leukemia cell lines DAUDI, RAMOS, LC1;19, NALM-6, MOLT-3, and HL-60 (but not JAK3-negative BT-20 breast cancer, M24-MET melanoma, or SQ20B squamous carcinoma cell lines) in a concentration-dependent fashion. WHI-P131 inhibits clonogenic growth in a concentration-dependent fashion with EC50s of 24.4 μM for NALM-6 cells and 18.8 μM for DAUDI cells. At 100 μM, WHI-P131 inhibits the in vitro colony formation by these leukemia cell lines by >99%. In contrast, JANEX-1 does not inhibit the clonogenic growth of JAK3-negative M24-MET melanoma or SQ20B squamous carcinoma cell lines[1].In Vivo:JANEX-1 is administered at doses ranging from 5 to 100 mg/kg. Evaluation of CPK activity revealed a dose-response curve with an effective dose 50 (ED50) value of 7.44 mg/kg. Mice receiving JANEX-1 displayed significantly reduced CPK and LDH levels. In addition, the infarct size of JANEX-1-treated mice (30.16±2.79%) is significantly decreased when compared with I/R-operated mice (65.64±3.76%)[2]. JANEX-1 (WHI-P131) is absorbed rapidly, and the time to reach the maximum plasma JANEX-1 concentration (tmax) is 24.7±1.7 min. JANEX-1 is rapidly eliminated with an elimination half-life of 45.6±5.5 min. Although the predicted maximum plasma JANEX-1 concentration is 10.5 ± 0.8 μM, which is only half of the Cmax following i.v. administration of the same bolus dose, the i.p. bioavailability is 94.6% and the systemic exposure levels (i.e., AUC) are very similar to those observed after i.v. injection (17.1±2.2 μM•h versus 18.1±1.2 μM•h)[3].

References:
[1]. Sudbeck EA, et al. Structure-based design of specific inhibitors of Janus kinase 3 as apoptosis-inducing antileukemic agents. Clin Cancer Res. 1999 Jun;5(6):1569-82. [2]. Oh YB, et al. Inhibition of Janus activated kinase-3 protects against myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury in mice. Exp Mol Med. 2013 May 17;45:e23. [3]. Uckun FM, et al. In vivo toxicity and pharmacokinetic features of the janus kinase 3 inhibitor WHI-P131 [4-(4'hydroxyphenyl)-amino-6,7- dimethoxyquinazoline. Clin Cancer Res. 1999 Oct;5(10):2954-62. [4]. Xia F, et al. IL4 (interleukin 4) induces autophagy in B cells leading to exacerbated asthma. Autophagy. 2018;14(3):450-464.

Protocol

Cell Assay [1]
The following cell lines are used in various biological assays: NALM-6 (pre-B-ALL), LC1;19 (pre-B-ALL), DAUDI (B-ALL), RAMOS (B-ALL), MOLT-3 (T-cell ALL), HL60 (acute myelogenous leukemia), BT-20 (breast cancer), M24-MET (melanoma), SQ20B (squamous cell carcinoma), and PC3 (prostate cancer). These cell lines are maintained in culture. Cells are seeded in six-well tissue culture plates at a density of 50×104 cells/well in a treatment medium containing various concentrations of JANEX-1 (0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5 nM) and incubated for 24-48 h at 37°C in a humidified 5% CO2 atmosphere. Cells are examined for apoptotic changes after treatment with JANEX-1 by the in situ TdT-mediated dUTP end-labeling assay using the ApopTag apoptosis detection kit[1].

Animal Administration [2][3]
Mice[2] Pathogen-free 8-week-old male JAK3-/- (129S4-Jak3tm1Ljb) and C57BL/6 J mice are used. Mice are treated with JANEX-1 at a dose of 20 mg/kg (intraperitoneally) at 1 h before ischemia. Rats[3] Male Lewis rats are divided into two experimental groups of five and are injected either i.v. via the dorsal vein of the penis or i.p. with a single 3.3 mg/kg bolus dose of JANEX-1. The rats are anesthetized by the methoxyfluran, and blood samples (0.2 mL) are collected from rat tail vein before and at 5, 10, and 30 min and 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, and 6 h after i.v. injections or at 5, 10, 15, 30, and 45 min and 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 7 h after i.p. injections.

References:
[1]. Sudbeck EA, et al. Structure-based design of specific inhibitors of Janus kinase 3 as apoptosis-inducing antileukemic agents. Clin Cancer Res. 1999 Jun;5(6):1569-82. [2]. Oh YB, et al. Inhibition of Janus activated kinase-3 protects against myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury in mice. Exp Mol Med. 2013 May 17;45:e23. [3]. Uckun FM, et al. In vivo toxicity and pharmacokinetic features of the janus kinase 3 inhibitor WHI-P131 [4-(4'hydroxyphenyl)-amino-6,7- dimethoxyquinazoline. Clin Cancer Res. 1999 Oct;5(10):2954-62. [4]. Xia F, et al. IL4 (interleukin 4) induces autophagy in B cells leading to exacerbated asthma. Autophagy. 2018;14(3):450-464.

JANEX-1 Dilution Calculator

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JANEX-1 Molarity Calculator

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Preparing Stock Solutions of JANEX-1

1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 20 mg 25 mg
1 mM 3.3635 mL 16.8175 mL 33.6349 mL 67.2699 mL 84.0873 mL
5 mM 0.6727 mL 3.3635 mL 6.727 mL 13.454 mL 16.8175 mL
10 mM 0.3363 mL 1.6817 mL 3.3635 mL 6.727 mL 8.4087 mL
50 mM 0.0673 mL 0.3363 mL 0.6727 mL 1.3454 mL 1.6817 mL
100 mM 0.0336 mL 0.1682 mL 0.3363 mL 0.6727 mL 0.8409 mL
* Note: If you are in the process of experiment, it's necessary to make the dilution ratios of the samples. The dilution data above is only for reference. Normally, it's can get a better solubility within lower of Concentrations.

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Background on JANEX-1

Janex-1 is an ATP-competitive and specific inhibitor of JAK3 with IC50 value of 78 μM [1].

Janus kinase 3 (JAK3) is a tyrosine kinase which belongs to the Janus kinase family. It is associated with the type I cytokine receptors that use common gamma chain, and provides enzymatic activity to the receptor. When ligands bind to the receptor, the conformational change of the receptor will activate the JAK3 and thus initiate downstream signaling. JAK3 interacts with actin-binding protein villin, and subsequently promote cytoskeletal remodeling and mucosal wound repair.

When tested with human lymphoblastoid B-cell line, Janex-1 showed significant inhibitory effect on JAK3 activity, but do not affect other types of tyrosine kinases, including Janus family tyrosine kinase JAK1 and JAK2, the ZAP/SYK family tyrosine kinase SYK, the TEC family tyrosine kinase BTK, the SRC family tyrosine kinase LYN. It suggested Janex-1 was highly specific to JAK3 inhibition [1]. Pretreated mouse islet with Janex-1 showed resistance to cytokine toxicity, i.e. the decreased NO synthase (iNOS) expression and thereby the nitric oxide (NO) production and subsequent islet damage. The molecular mechanism was considered that Janex-1 inhibit iNOS expression via inhibit JAK3 and other signaling transduction [2].

In NOD mouse model of type 1 diabetes, 60% of control mice became diabetic after 25 weeks. However, injection of Janex-1 (100 mg/kg/day) from week 10 to week 25 resulted in only 9% mice became diabetic. Because type 1 diabetes was caused by JAK3 and downstream signaling, the suppression of diabetes onset suggested the inhibition of JAK3 by Janex-1 [3].

References:
[1] Sudbeck E A et al. , Structure-based Design of Specific Inhibitors of Janus Kinase 3 as Apoptosis-inducing Antileukemic Agents. Clinical cancer research. 2007, 5: 1569-1582.
[2] Lv N et al. , JANEX-1, a JAK3 inhibitor, protects pancreatic islets from cytokine toxicity through downregulation of NF-¦ÊB activation and the JAK/STAT pathway. Experimental cell research. 2009, 315 (12): 2064-2071.
[3] Cetkovic-Cvrlje M et al. , Targeting JAK3 with JANEX-1 for prevention of autoimmune type 1 diabetes in NOD mice. Clinical immunology. 2003, 106: 213-225.

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References on JANEX-1

Targeting mast cells in endometriosis with janus kinase 3 inhibitor, JANEX-1.[Pubmed:17631002]

Am J Reprod Immunol. 2007 Aug;58(2):75-97.

Endometriosis (EMS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of multifactorial etiology characterized by implantation and growth of endometrial glands and stroma outside the uterine cavity. EMS is a significant public health issue as it affects 15-20% of women in their reproductive age. Clinical symptoms may include pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, pelvic/abdominal masses, and infertility. Symptomatic treatments such as surgical resection and/or hormonal suppression of ovarian function and analgesics are not as effective as desired. Consequently, there is an enormous unmet need to develop effective medical therapy capable of preventing the occurrence and recurrence of EMS without undesirable side-effects. EMS-associated intra-abdominal bleeding episodes, local inflammation, adhesions, and i.p. immunologic dysfunction leads to pelvic nociception and pelvic pain. Increasing evidence supports the involvement of allergic-type inflammation in EMS. Invasion of mast cells, degranulation, and proliferation of interstitial component are observed in endometriotic lesions. Presence of activated and degranulating mast cells within the nerve structures can contribute to the development of pain and hyperalgesia by direct effects on primary nociceptive neurons. Therefore, treatments targeting endometrial mast cells may prove effective in preventing or alleviating EMS-associated symptoms. The Janus kinase 3 (JAK3) is abundantly expressed in mast cells and is required for the full expression of high-affinity IgE receptor-mediated mast cell inflammatory sequelae. JANEX-1/WHI-P131 is a rationally designed novel JAK3 inhibitor with potent anti-inflammatory activity in several cellular and in vivo animal models of inflammation, including mouse models of peritonitis, colitis, cellulitis, sunburn, and airway inflammation with favorable toxicity and pharmacokinetic profile. We hypothesize that JAK3 inhibitors, especially JANEX-1, may prove useful to prevent or alleviate the symptoms of EMS.

JANEX-1, a JAK3 inhibitor, protects pancreatic islets from cytokine toxicity through downregulation of NF-kappaB activation and the JAK/STAT pathway.[Pubmed:19414010]

Exp Cell Res. 2009 Jul 15;315(12):2064-71.

JANEX-1/WHI-P131, a selective Janus kinase 3 (JAK3) inhibitor, has been shown to delay the onset of diabetes in the NOD mouse model. However, the molecular mechanism by which JANEX-1 protects pancreatic beta-cells is unknown. In the current study, we investigated the role of JANEX-1 on interleukin (IL)-1beta and interferon (IFN)-gamma-induced beta-cell damage using isolated islets. JANEX-1-pretreated islets showed resistance to cytokine toxicity, namely suppressed nitric oxide (NO) production, reduced inducible form of NO synthase (iNOS) expression, and decreased islet destruction. The molecular mechanism by which JANEX-1 inhibits iNOS expression was mediated through suppression of the nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) and JAK/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathways. Islets treated with the cytokines downregulated the protein levels of suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS)-1 and SOCS-3, but pretreatment with JANEX-1 attenuated these decreases. Additionally, islets from JAK3(-/-) mice were more resistant to cytokine toxicity than islets from control mice. These results demonstrate that JANEX-1 protects beta-cells from cytokine toxicity through suppression of the NF-kappaB and JAK/STAT pathways and upregulation of SOCS proteins, suggesting that JANEX-1 may be used to preserve functional beta-cell mass.

Anti-inflammatory activity profile of JANEX-1 in preclinical animal models.[Pubmed:18024136]

Bioorg Med Chem. 2008 Feb 1;16(3):1287-98.

We examined the biologic activity of the rationally designed JAK3 inhibitor, JANEX-1, in several cellular and animal models of inflammation. Notably, JANEX-1 exhibited potent anti-inflammatory activity in each of these preclinical models, including mouse models of peritonitis, colitis, cellulitis, and systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Therefore, JANEX-1 may prove useful as a broad-spectrum anti-inflammatory agent. The present study may provide the basis for new and effective treatment as well as prevention programs for inflammatory disorders.

Janex-1, a JAK3 inhibitor, ameliorates tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced expression of cell adhesion molecules and improves myocardial vascular permeability in endotoxemic mice.[Pubmed:22344597]

Int J Mol Med. 2012 May;29(5):864-70.

Vascular endothelial cells play an important role in leukocyte trafficking during the inflammatory process. Proinflammatory cytokines activate the expression of cell adhesion molecules in endothelial cells. Janus kinase (JAK) and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) are important intracellular cytokine signaling molecules that are involved in immune responses. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of JAK3 inhibition on the expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha-induced cell adhesion molecules in vascular endothelial cells and to evaluate the therapeutic potential of JAK3 for myocardial vascular permeability in endotoxemic mice. A JAK3 inhibitor, JANEX-1, decreased the TNF-alpha-induced expression of intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, VCAM (vascular cell adhesion molecule)-1 and fractalkine in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The downregulation of the expression of these cell adhesion molecules by JANEX-1 was mediated via suppression of STAT3 phosphorylation and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) activation. In endotoxemic mice, pretreatment with JANEX-1 prevented not only an increase in the cardiac ICAM-1 expression by LPS in the arteriolar and capillary endothelial cells, but also myocardial vascular leakage. These results suggest that inhibition of the JAK/STAT pathway by JANEX-1 ameliorates the expression of TNF-alpha-induced cell adhesion molecules in HUVECs and improves myocardial vascular permeability.

Description

JANEX-1 (WHI-P131) is a potent and specific JAK3 inhibitor (estimated Ki=2.3 μM). JANEX-1 (WHI-P131) shows potent JAK3-inhibitory activity (IC50 of 78 μM), does not inhibit JAK1 and JAK2.

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