Lck inhibitor 2

Description: IC50 Value: 13 nM(Lck) [1] Lck inhibitor 2 is a bis-anilinopyrimidine inhibitor of tyrosine kinases including LCK, BTK, LYN, SYK, and TXK.27. The IC50 values are 13nM, 9nM, 3nM, 26nM and 2nM for Lck, Btk, Lyn, Btk and Txk respectively [1]. Lck inhibitor 2(Compound 9) inhibited 48 kinases with %control < 1 (33 of them tyrosine kinases, almost half of the 71 tyrosine kinases in the panel). A further 27 kinases were bound with %control < 10. Kd values for 16 kinases were determined and found to be below 100 nM. These included TXK (10 nM)[2]. in vitro: N/A in vivo: N/A Clinical trial: N/A

Investigation of the In Vitro and In Vivo efficiency of RM-532-105, a 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 3 inhibitor, in LAPC-4 prostate cancer cell and tumor models.[Pubmed:28182747]

PLoS One. 2017 Feb 9;12(2):e0171871.

In the fight against androgen-sensitive prostate cancer, the enzyme 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 3 (17beta-HSD3) is an attractive therapeutic target considering its key role in the formation of androgenic steroids. In this study, we attempted to assess the in vivo efficacy of the compound RM-532-105, an androsterone derivative developed as an inhibitor of 17beta-HSD3, in the prostate cancer model of androgen-sensitive LAPC-4 cells xenografted in nude mice. RM-532-105 did not inhibit the tumor growth induced by 4-androstene-3,17-dione (4-dione); rather, the levels of the androgens testosterone (T) and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) increased within the tumors. In plasma, however, DHT levels increased but T levels did not. In troubleshooting experiments, the non-androgenic potential of RM-532-105 was confirmed by two different assays (LAPC-4 proliferation and androgen receptor transcriptional activity assays). The enzyme 5alpha-reductase was also revealed to be the predominant enzyme metabolizing 4-dione in LAPC-4 cells, yielding 5alpha-androstane-3,17-dione and not T. Other 17beta-HSDs than 17beta-HSD3 seem responsible in the androgen synthesis. From experiments with LAPC-4 cells, we fortuitously came across the interesting finding that 17beta-HSD3 inhibitor RM-532-105 is concentrated inside tumors.

Targeting BCL-2 and ABL/LYN in Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia.[Pubmed:27582059]

Sci Transl Med. 2016 Aug 31;8(354):354ra114.

Treatment of Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph(+)ALL) remains a challenge. Although the addition of targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) to standard cytotoxic therapy has greatly improved upfront treatment, treatment-related morbidity and mortality remain high. TKI monotherapy provides only temporary responses and renders patients susceptible to the development of TKI resistance. Thus, identifying agents that could enhance the activity of TKIs is urgently needed. Recently, a selective inhibitor of B cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2), ABT-199 (venetoclax), has shown impressive activity against hematologic malignancies. We demonstrate that the combination of TKIs with venetoclax is highly synergistic in vitro, decreasing cell viability and inducing apoptosis in Ph(+)ALL. Furthermore, the multikinase inhibitors dasatinib and ponatinib appear to have the added advantage of inducing Lck/Yes novel tyrosine kinase (LYN)-mediated proapoptotic BCL-2-like protein 11 (BIM) expression and inhibiting up-regulation of antiapoptotic myeloid cell leukemia 1 (MCL-1), thereby potentially overcoming the development of venetoclax resistance. Evaluation of the dasatinib-venetoclax combination for the treatment of primary Ph(+)ALL patient samples in xenografted immunodeficient mice confirmed the tolerability of this drug combination and demonstrated its superior antileukemic efficacy compared to either agent alone. These data suggest that the combination of dasatinib and venetoclax has the potential to improve the treatment of Ph(+)ALL and should be further evaluated for patient care.

DCZ3301, a novel cytotoxic agent, inhibits proliferation in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma via the STAT3 pathway.[Pubmed:29022919]

Cell Death Dis. 2017 Oct 12;8(10):e3111.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of lymphoma in adults, characterized by a rapidly increasing painless mass. A novel compound, DCZ3301, was synthesized that exerted direct cytotoxicity against DLBCL cell lines. The effects of DCZ3301 on DLBCL cells in vitro and in vivo and the associated mechanisms were investigated. DCZ3301 inhibited the viability of DLBCL cell lines, even in the presence of protumorigenesis cytokines. Additionally, the compound induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase by reducing mitochondrial membrane potential. DCZ3301 exerted an antitumor effect through modulation of Akt, extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) and janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathways. Furthermore, DCZ3301 downregulates STAT3 phosphorylation by inhibiting Lck/Yes-related novel protein tyrosine kinase (Lyn) activation in DLBCL. A synergistic cytotoxic effect on DLBCL cells was observed upon combination of DCZ3301 with panobinostat. In vivo, intraperitoneal injection of xenograft mice with DCZ3301 resulted in reduced tumor volume. Our preliminary results collectively support the utility of the small-molecule inhibitor DCZ3301 as an effective novel therapeutic option for DLBCL that requires further clinical evaluation.

7-cyclopentyl-5-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d] pyrimidin-4-ylamine inhibits the proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells by suppressing ERK and Akt pathways.[Pubmed:28185804]

Eur J Pharmacol. 2017 Mar 5;798:35-42.

Excessive vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and migration after vascular injury significantly contributes to the development of occlusive vascular disease. Therefore, inhibiting the proliferation and migration of VSMCs is a validated therapeutic modality for occlusive vascular disease such as atherosclerosis and restenosis. In the present study, we screened chemical compounds for their anti-proliferative effects on VSMCs using multiple approaches, such as MTT assays, wound healing assays, and trans-well migration assays. Our data indicate that 7-cyclopentyl-5-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d] pyrimidin-4-ylamine, a lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase (Lck) inhibitor, significantly inhibited both VSMC proliferation and migration. 7-cyclopentyl-5-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-ylamine suppresses VSMC proliferation and migration via down-regulating the protein kinase B (Akt) and extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK) pathways, and it significantly decreased the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and cyclin D1 and, the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein (pRb). Additionally, 7-cyclopentyl-5-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d] pyrimidin-4-ylamine suppressed the migration of VSMCs from endothelium-removed aortic rings, as well as neointima formation following rat carotid balloon injury. The present study identified 7-cyclopentyl-5-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-ylamine as a potent VSMC proliferation and migration inhibitor and warrants further studies to elucidate its more detailed molecular mechanisms, such as its primary target, and to further validate its in vivo efficacy as a therapeutic agent for pathologic vascular conditions, such as restenosis and atherosclerosis.

Nintedanib, a triple tyrosine kinase inhibitor, attenuates renal fibrosis in chronic kidney disease.[Pubmed:28646122]

Clin Sci (Lond). 2017 Jul 24;131(16):2125-2143.

Nintedanib (BIBF1120) is a triple kinase inhibitor of platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR), fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFR), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), and Src family kinase, which has recently been approved by FDA to treat idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Whether it affects renal fibrosis remains unknown. Here, we demonstrated that administration of nintedanib immediately or 3 days after unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) injury and with folic acid (FA) injection attenuated renal fibrosis and inhibited activation of renal interstitial fibroblasts. Delayed administration of nintedanib also partially reversed established renal fibrosis. Treatment with nintedanib blocked UUO-induced phosphorylation of PDGFRbeta, FGFR1, FGFR2, VEGFR2, and several Src family kinases including Src, Lck, Lyn as well as activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3), nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB), and Smad-3 in the kidney. Furthermore, nintedanib inhibited UUO-elicited renal proinflammatory cytokine expression and macrophage infiltration. These data indicate that nintedanib is a potent anti-fibrotic agent in the kidney and may hold therapeutic potential as a treatment of chronic fibrotic kidney disease.

Lck inhibitor 2 is a bis-anilinopyrimidine inhibitor of tyrosine kinases including LCK, BTK, LYN, SYK, and TXK. The IC50 values are 13nM, 9nM, 3nM, 26nM and 2nM for Lck, Btk, Lyn, Btk and Txk respectively

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