Naratriptan

Naratriptan hydrochloride is a selective 5-HT1 receptor subtype agonist and is a triptan drug that is used for the treatment of migraine headaches.

Quantitative structure-retention relationship model for the determination of naratriptan hydrochloride and its impurities based on artificial neural networks coupled with genetic algorithm.[Pubmed:28107913]

Talanta. 2017 Mar 1;164:164-174.

Mathematical modeling of Quantitative Structure - Property Relationships met great interest in fields of in silico drug design and more recently, pharmaceutical analysis. In our approach we proposed automated method of creation Quantitative Structure-Retention Relationship (QSRR) for analysis of triptans, selective serotonin 5-HT1 receptor agonists used for the treatment of acute headache. The method was created using hybrid machine learning approach, namely Genetic algorithm (GA) coupled with artificial neutral networks (ANN). Performance of proposed hybrid GA-ANN model was evaluated with predicting relative retention times of Naratriptan hydrochloride impurities. Several ANN types were coupled with GA and tested: single-layer ANN (SL-ANN), double-layer ANN (D-ANN) and higher order architectures: pi-sigma ANN (PS-ANN) and sigma-pi-sigma ANN (SPS-ANN). Partial Least Squares (PLS) method was used as a reference. The separation of Naratriptan hydrochloride and its related products (impurities and degradation products) was obtained by developing a gradient high-performance liquid chromatography method with diode-array detector (HPLC-DAD). Degradation products during acid-basic hydrolysis were identified with an electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (Q-TOF-MS/MS) detector. Independent data for outer validation of QSRR model was obtained from the determination of related products of sumatriptan succinate via an HPLC-DAD method. Accuracy of QSRR was measured by inner-validation on Naratriptan data and outer validation on sumatriptan succinate samples. The best performing model were PS-ANN and SPS-ANN with mean errors of 8% (Q2=0.87) and 15% (Q2=0.77) on an inner-validation data set, respectively. Validation on similar samples from an outer validation data set of sumatriptan succinate impurities gave mean errors of 18% (R(2)pred=0.64) and 17% (R(2)pred=0.63) for the PS-ANN and SPS-ANN models, respectively.

Oral transmucosal delivery of naratriptan.[Pubmed:27863671]

Int J Pharm. 2016 Nov 30;514(1):263-269.

Naratriptan (NAR) is currently used as the hydrochloride salt (NAR.HCl) for the treatment of migraine and is available in tablet dosage forms for oral administration. Buccal drug delivery offers a number of advantages compared with conventional oral delivery including rapid absorption, avoidance of first pass metabolism and improved patient compliance. We have previously prepared and characterised the base form of NAR and shown that it has more favourable properties for buccal delivery compared with NAR.HCl. This study describes the design and evaluation of a range of formulations for oral transmucosal delivery of NAR base. Permeation studies were conducted using excised porcine buccal tissue mounted in Franz cells. Of the neat solvents examined, Transcutol((R)) P (TC) showed the greatest enhancement effects and was the vehicle in which NAR was most soluble. The mechanisms by which TC might promote permeation were further probed using binary systems containing TC with either buffer or Miglyol 812((R)) (MG). Mass balance studies were also conducted for these systems. The permeation of TC as well as NAR was also monitored for TC:MG formulations. Overall, TC appears to promote enhanced membrane permeation of NAR because of its rapid uptake into the buccal tissue. Synergistic enhancement of buccal permeation was observed when TC was combined with MG and this is attributed to the increased thermodynamic activity of NAR in these formulations. Significantly enhanced permeation of NAR was achieved for TC:MG and this was also associated with less TC remaining on the tissue or in the tissue at the end of the experiment. To our knowledge this is the first report where both enhancer and active have been monitored in buccal permeation studies. The findings underline the importance of understanding the fate of vehicle components for rational formulation design of buccal delivery systems.

Isolated naratriptan-associated ischemic colitis.[Pubmed:27695179]

Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent). 2016 Oct;29(4):410-411.

We report a 41-year-old woman who developed histology- and colonoscopy-proven ischemic colitis with the use of Naratriptan not exceeding the maximum 2 doses a day and 3 days per week and without a known medical or cardiovascular history. By exclusion of other causes of colonic ischemia, Naratriptan was considered the sole causal agent. Discontinuation of Naratriptan resulted in a complete clinical recovery. To date, our patient is the youngest known patient to develop ischemic colitis on isolated Naratriptan in the setting of no known medical risk factors or predisposing medical condition. Even though triptans are commonly used for the abortive treatment of migraine headaches, such a reported side effect is rare; however, careful assessment and individual patient-based treatment is advised.

Preparation and Optimization of Fast Dissolving Film of Naratr iptan Hydrochloride.[Pubmed:28201962]

Recent Pat Drug Deliv Formul. 2017;11(2):124-131.

BACKGROUND: Naratriptan is second-generation triptan class of antimigraine drug which selectively bind with 5-HT(1B/1D) receptor. It is widely used to treat the migraine attack due to its better tolerability and lower recurrence rate as compared to other triptans. Despite of the applicability, Naratriptan also have several drawback like slow onset of action and fist pass metabolism which reduce its efficacy. In order to increase the efficacy of Naratriptan fast dissolving film is prepared. METHOD: Fast dissolving film of Naratriptan hydrochloride was prepared by solvent casting method Based on the patent survey (US 7648712 B2, WO 2012053006 A2, US 20090047330 A1, EP 2821066 A4, WO 2008108940 A1, WO 2010151020 A3) excipients were screened to find out suitable combination of polymer and plasticizer and Hydroxypropylmethyl Cellulose (HPMC E6) and glycerol were selected as film forming polymer and plasticizer respectively. To study the effect of independent variables on dependent variables 32 full factorial design was applied using Concentration of HPMC E6 and Concentration of Glycerol as independent variables and disintegration time, folding endurance, tensile strength and cumulative % drug release at 2 min as dependent or response variables. A statistical model incorporating interactive and polynomial terms was utilized to evaluate the responses. Result & Conclusion: From the results of statistical evaluation batch F3 was selected as the optimized batch which exhibited shorter disintegration time (22sec) with satisfactory mechanical properties (tensile strength 652.17 gm/mm2). Dissolution of drug from F3 formulation was rapid with around 91% drug release in 120sec. Optimized batch was further evaluated for in vitro permeation study using Franz diffusion cell.

Naratriptan hydrochloride is a selective 5-HT1 receptor subtype agonist and is a triptan drug that is used for the treatment of migraine headaches.

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