Paeonoside

Biological Mechanisms of Paeonoside in the Differentiation of Pre-Osteoblasts and the Formation of Mineralized Nodules.[Pubmed:34199016]

Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Jun 27;22(13):6899.

Paeonia suffruticosa is a magnificent and long-lived woody plant that has traditionally been used to treat various diseases including inflammatory, neurological, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. In the present study, we demonstrated the biological mechanisms of Paeonoside (PASI) isolated from the dried roots of P. suffruticosa in pre-osteoblasts. Herein, we found that PASI has no cytotoxic effects on pre-osteoblasts. Migration assay showed that PASI promoted wound healing and transmigration in osteoblast differentiation. PASI increased early osteoblast differentiation and mineralized nodule formation. In addition, PASI enhanced the expression of Wnt3a and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) and activated their downstream molecules, Smad1/5/8 and beta-catenin, leading to increases in runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) expression during osteoblast differentiation. Furthermore, PASI-mediated osteoblast differentiation was attenuated by inhibiting the BMP2 and Wnt3a pathways, which was accompanied by reduction in the expression of RUNX2 in the nucleus. Taken together, our findings provide evidence that PASI enhances osteoblast differentiation and mineralized nodules by regulating RUNX2 expression through the BMP2 and Wnt3a pathways, suggesting a potential role for PASI targeting osteoblasts to treat bone diseases including osteoporosis and periodontitis.

Polyphenols and neuroprotection against ischemia and neurodegeneration.[Pubmed:22070681]

Mini Rev Med Chem. 2011 Dec;11(14):1222-38.

Neuroprotection of polyphenols in medical plants is getting attention in the world. Scutellaria baicalensis, paeonia veitchii and paeonia suffruticosa have been extensively studied in the last 10 years and show multi-function. They are neuroprotectants, antioxidants, anti-inflammatory and antithrombic agents as well as vasoconstriction inhibitors and amyloid-peptide (Abeta) cleaners by means of their polyphenols: baicalin, baicalein, wogonin (in scutellaria), and paeonol, Paeonoside, paeoniflorin (PF) and 1, 2, 3, 4, 6-Penta-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose (PGG) (in paeonia veitchii and paeonia suffruticosa). Other 4 medical plants: astragali, ligusticum wallichii, angelica sinensis and carthamus tinctorius (saffron) have been the major medicines to treat ischemia for hundreds of years in China, Korea and Japan. Our recent experimental studies demonstrated the neuroprotective efficacy of the combination of these phyotmedicines on mitigating brain infarction and global ischemia as well as preventing the neurodegeneration following ischemia. Owing to their multi-function, including improving cerebral blood circulation, they therefore have the potential to alleviate the symptoms of degenerative diseases, Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). Pharmacology of the 7 herbs and their major relative polyphenols is depicted in the article.

Determination of glycosides and sugars in Moutan Cortex by capillary electrophoresis with electrochemical detection.[Pubmed:16343840]

J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2006 Apr 11;41(1):129-34.

A method based on capillary electrophoresis with electrochemical detection has been developed for the separation and determination of paeoniflorin, sucrose, Paeonoside, glucose, and fructose in Moutan Cortex for the first time. Effects of several important factors such as the concentration of NaOH, separation voltage, injection time, and detection potential were investigated to acquire the optimum conditions. The detection electrode was a 300 microm diameter copper disc electrode at a working potential of +0.60 V (versus saturated calomel electrode (SCE)). The five analytes can be well-separated within 12 min in a 40 cm length fused silica capillary at a separation voltage of 12 kV in a 75 mM NaOH aqueous solution. The relation between peak current and analyte concentration was linear over about 3 orders of magnitude with detection limits (S/N = 3) ranging from 0.9 to 1.3 microM for all analytes. The proposed method has been successfully applied to monitor glycoside and sugar contents in the real plant samples with satisfactory assay results.

Protective constituents against sepsis in mice from the root cortex of Paeonia suffruticosa.[Pubmed:15595414]

Arch Pharm Res. 2004 Nov;27(11):1123-6.

The bioassay-guided fractionation of protective agents against sepsis-induced lethality from the root cortex of Paeonia suffruticosa ANDREWS (Ranunculaceae) led to the isolation of eight known compounds: paeonol (1), 2,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxyacetophenone (2), acetovanillone (3), Paeonoside (4), paeoniflorin (5), oxypaeoniflorin (6), apioPaeonoside (7), and methyl 3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoate (8). Among them, 3 showed the highest survival rate (100% with a dose of 30 mg/kg versus 17% for the control experiment) and reduced alanine aminotransferase level to be a half of the control value on the sepsis model induced by lipopolysaccharide/D-galactosamine.

[Flavoneglycosides in the flowers of Paeonia arborea and P. suffruticosa].[Pubmed:24504864]

Planta. 1969 Jun;88(2):154-6.

Three glycosides have been isolated fromPaeonia arborea: kaempferol-3-beta-glucoside-7-beta-glucoside (Paeonoside), apigenin-7-beta-glucoside, and apigenin-7-rhamnoglucoside (Rhoifolin).Paeonia suffruticosa also contains these three compounds but its main glycoside is kaempferol-3-beta-glucoside (astragalin), which is present inPaeonia arborea only in traces.