Tigogenin

CAS# 77-60-1

Tigogenin

Catalog No. BCN5327----Order now to get a substantial discount!

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Chemical structure

Tigogenin

3D structure

Chemical Properties of Tigogenin

Cas No. 77-60-1 SDF Download SDF
PubChem ID 99516 Appearance White powder
Formula C27H44O3 M.Wt 416.64
Type of Compound Steroids Storage Desiccate at -20°C
Solubility Soluble in chloroform and DMSO
SMILES CC1CCC2(C(C3C(O2)CC4C3(CCC5C4CCC6C5(CCC(C6)O)C)C)C)OC1
Standard InChIKey GMBQZIIUCVWOCD-MFRNJXNGSA-N
Standard InChI InChI=1S/C27H44O3/c1-16-7-12-27(29-15-16)17(2)24-23(30-27)14-22-20-6-5-18-13-19(28)8-10-25(18,3)21(20)9-11-26(22,24)4/h16-24,28H,5-15H2,1-4H3/t16-,17+,18+,19+,20-,21+,22+,23+,24+,25+,26+,27-/m1/s1
General tips For obtaining a higher solubility , please warm the tube at 37 ℃ and shake it in the ultrasonic bath for a while.Stock solution can be stored below -20℃ for several months.
We recommend that you prepare and use the solution on the same day. However, if the test schedule requires, the stock solutions can be prepared in advance, and the stock solution must be sealed and stored below -20℃. In general, the stock solution can be kept for several months.
Before use, we recommend that you leave the vial at room temperature for at least an hour before opening it.
About Packaging 1. The packaging of the product may be reversed during transportation, cause the high purity compounds to adhere to the neck or cap of the vial.Take the vail out of its packaging and shake gently until the compounds fall to the bottom of the vial.
2. For liquid products, please centrifuge at 500xg to gather the liquid to the bottom of the vial.
3. Try to avoid loss or contamination during the experiment.
Shipping Condition Packaging according to customer requirements(5mg, 10mg, 20mg and more). Ship via FedEx, DHL, UPS, EMS or other couriers with RT, or blue ice upon request.

Source of Tigogenin

1 Cestrum sp. 2 Costus sp. 3 Digitalis sp. 4 Lilium sp. 5 Smilax sp. 6 Solanum sp. 7 Tribulus sp. 8 Trigonella sp. 9 Yucca sp.

Biological Activity of Tigogenin

DescriptionTigogenin is one of steroidal sapogenins which is widely used for synthesizing steroid drugs. It might have protective effect on bone and be helpful in preventing the development of osteoporosis.Tigogenin induces apoptosis, associated with overexpression of COX-2 correlated with overproduction of endogenous PGE2. Tigogenin inhibited of PPARgamma and via p38 MAPK pathway.
TargetsCOX | PGE | PPAR | p38MAPK
In vitro

Inhibition of human rheumatoid arthritis synovial cell survival by hecogenin and tigogenin is associated with increased apoptosis, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase activity and upregulation of cyclooxygenase-2.[Pubmed: 17786275]

Int J Mol Med. 2007 Oct;20(4):451-60.

We conducted our study to assess the antiproliferative and proapoptotic potential of hecogenin and Tigogenin, two saponins which are structurally similar to diosgenin.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
We particularly focused our attention on mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation in relation to apoptosis but also with the COX-2 expression and activity. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synoviocytes were isolated from fresh synovial biopsies obtained from five RA patients undergoing hip arthroplasty. Measurement of cell proliferation was determined using the MTT assay. Apoptosis was evaluated by studying caspase-8, caspase-9 and caspase-3 activities but also by quantification of DNA fragmentation. Quantification of human phospho-MAPKs was realized by ELISA. COX-2 expression was demonstrated by Western blot analysis and COX-2 activity by assay of endogenous prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production. Tigogenin was more effective than hecogenin in inducing apoptosis in human RA fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) which was caspase dependent but poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase independent and characterized by DNA fragmentation. Our results demonstrated hecogenin- and Tigogenin-induced apoptosis through activation of p38 without affecting the JNK and ERK pathways. Indeed, pretreatment with a p38 inhibitor decreased saponin-induced apoptosis with a significant decrease in DNA fragmentation. Furthermore, the rate of apoptosis induced by hecogenin or Tigogenin was associated with overexpression of COX-2 correlated with overproduction of endogenous PGE2.
CONCLUSIONS:
These new results provide strong evidence that a family of structurally similar plant steroids is capable of inducing apoptosis in human RA FLS with different rates and different signalling pathways. This study also confirms the discussed appearance of the downregulation or upregulation of COX-2 in cell apoptosis as a function of cell type.

Protocol of Tigogenin

Cell Research

Tigogenin inhibits adipocytic differentiation and induces osteoblastic differentiation in mouse bone marrow stromal cells.[Pubmed: 17363141]

Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2007 May 30;270(1-2):17-22.

We investigated the effect of Tigogenin on adipocytic and osteoblastic differentiation in mouse bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs).
METHODS AND RESULTS:
Tigogenin enhanced the proliferation of BMSCs significantly. Tigogenin treatment reduced the adipogenic induction of lipid accumulation, visfatin secretion, and the expressions of peroxisome proliferation-activated receptor (PPAR)gamma2 and adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (ap)2. Moreover, Tigogenin had no effect on the mitotic clonal expansion. On the other hand, Tigogenin significantly elevated alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and the expressions of Cbfa1, collagen type I (COL I) and osteocalcin (OCN), as well as the content of matrix calcium in BMSCs. Further, SB-203580 antagonized the Tigogenin-promoted osteogenesis.
CONCLUSIONS:
These observations suggested that Tigogenin may modulate differentiation of BMSCs to cause a lineage shift away from the adipocytes and toward the osteoblasts, which is at least mediated by inhibition of PPARgamma and via p38 MAPK pathway, and is a potential drug preventing the development of osteoporosis and the related disorders.

Structure Identification
Carbohydr Res. 2014 Jan 13;383:21-6.

Efficient one-pot synthesis of tigogenin saponins and their antitumor activities.[Pubmed: 24239606]


CONCLUSIONS:
An efficient synthesis of naturally occurring Tigogenin triglycoside 1a and its three derivatives 1b-d bearing different carbohydrate moieties, as well as their antitumor activities, is described. Partially protected thiogalactosides bearing unprotected 2,4-OH or 4-OH groups were used to facilitate regioselective reactions for one-pot sequential multi-step glycosylation, which has significantly simplified the target molecule synthesis.
CONCLUSIONS:
The synthetic saponins 1a-d exhibited much higher anti-tumor activities than the positive control cisplatin against the human epithelial cervical cancer cell (HeLa) as evaluated by CCK-8 assay.

Tigogenin Dilution Calculator

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Tigogenin Molarity Calculator

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Preparing Stock Solutions of Tigogenin

1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 20 mg 25 mg
1 mM 2.4002 mL 12.0008 mL 24.0015 mL 48.0031 mL 60.0038 mL
5 mM 0.48 mL 2.4002 mL 4.8003 mL 9.6006 mL 12.0008 mL
10 mM 0.24 mL 1.2001 mL 2.4002 mL 4.8003 mL 6.0004 mL
50 mM 0.048 mL 0.24 mL 0.48 mL 0.9601 mL 1.2001 mL
100 mM 0.024 mL 0.12 mL 0.24 mL 0.48 mL 0.6 mL
* Note: If you are in the process of experiment, it's necessary to make the dilution ratios of the samples. The dilution data above is only for reference. Normally, it's can get a better solubility within lower of Concentrations.

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References on Tigogenin

Tigogenin inhibits adipocytic differentiation and induces osteoblastic differentiation in mouse bone marrow stromal cells.[Pubmed:17363141]

Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2007 May 30;270(1-2):17-22.

We investigated the effect of Tigogenin on adipocytic and osteoblastic differentiation in mouse bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). Tigogenin enhanced the proliferation of BMSCs significantly. Tigogenin treatment reduced the adipogenic induction of lipid accumulation, visfatin secretion, and the expressions of peroxisome proliferation-activated receptor (PPAR)gamma2 and adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (ap)2. Moreover, Tigogenin had no effect on the mitotic clonal expansion. On the other hand, Tigogenin significantly elevated alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and the expressions of Cbfa1, collagen type I (COL I) and osteocalcin (OCN), as well as the content of matrix calcium in BMSCs. Further, SB-203580 antagonized the Tigogenin-promoted osteogenesis. These observations suggested that Tigogenin may modulate differentiation of BMSCs to cause a lineage shift away from the adipocytes and toward the osteoblasts, which is at least mediated by inhibition of PPARgamma and via p38 MAPK pathway, and is a potential drug preventing the development of osteoporosis and the related disorders.

Inhibition of human rheumatoid arthritis synovial cell survival by hecogenin and tigogenin is associated with increased apoptosis, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase activity and upregulation of cyclooxygenase-2.[Pubmed:17786275]

Int J Mol Med. 2007 Oct;20(4):451-60.

We conducted our study to assess the antiproliferative and proapoptotic potential of hecogenin and Tigogenin, two saponins which are structurally similar to diosgenin. We particularly focused our attention on mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation in relation to apoptosis but also with the COX-2 expression and activity. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synoviocytes were isolated from fresh synovial biopsies obtained from five RA patients undergoing hip arthroplasty. Measurement of cell proliferation was determined using the MTT assay. Apoptosis was evaluated by studying caspase-8, caspase-9 and caspase-3 activities but also by quantification of DNA fragmentation. Quantification of human phospho-MAPKs was realized by ELISA. COX-2 expression was demonstrated by Western blot analysis and COX-2 activity by assay of endogenous prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production. Tigogenin was more effective than hecogenin in inducing apoptosis in human RA fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) which was caspase dependent but poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase independent and characterized by DNA fragmentation. Our results demonstrated hecogenin- and Tigogenin-induced apoptosis through activation of p38 without affecting the JNK and ERK pathways. Indeed, pretreatment with a p38 inhibitor decreased saponin-induced apoptosis with a significant decrease in DNA fragmentation. Furthermore, the rate of apoptosis induced by hecogenin or Tigogenin was associated with overexpression of COX-2 correlated with overproduction of endogenous PGE2. These new results provide strong evidence that a family of structurally similar plant steroids is capable of inducing apoptosis in human RA FLS with different rates and different signalling pathways. This study also confirms the discussed appearance of the downregulation or upregulation of COX-2 in cell apoptosis as a function of cell type.

Efficient one-pot synthesis of tigogenin saponins and their antitumor activities.[Pubmed:24239606]

Carbohydr Res. 2014 Jan 13;383:21-6.

An efficient synthesis of naturally occurring Tigogenin triglycoside 1a and its three derivatives 1b-d bearing different carbohydrate moieties, as well as their antitumor activities, is described. Partially protected thiogalactosides bearing unprotected 2,4-OH or 4-OH groups were used to facilitate regioselective reactions for one-pot sequential multi-step glycosylation, which has significantly simplified the target molecule synthesis. The synthetic saponins 1a-d exhibited much higher anti-tumor activities than the positive control cisplatin against the human epithelial cervical cancer cell (HeLa) as evaluated by CCK-8 assay.

Description

Tigogenin, one of steroidal sapogenins, is widely used for synthesizing steroid drugs. Tigogenin inhibits adipocytic differentiation and induces osteoblastic differentiation in mouse bone marrow stromal cells.

Keywords:

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