TipranavirHIV protease inhibitor CAS# 174484-41-4 |
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Quality Control & MSDS
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| Cas No. | 174484-41-4 | SDF | Download SDF |
| PubChem ID | 54682461 | Appearance | Powder |
| Formula | C31H33F3N2O5S | M.Wt | 602.66 |
| Type of Compound | N/A | Storage | Desiccate at -20°C |
| Solubility | Ethanol : ≥ 50 mg/mL (82.97 mM) *"≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown. | ||
| Chemical Name | N-[3-[(1R)-1-[(2R)-4-hydroxy-6-oxo-2-(2-phenylethyl)-2-propyl-3H-pyran-5-yl]propyl]phenyl]-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine-2-sulfonamide | ||
| SMILES | CCCC1(CC(=C(C(=O)O1)C(CC)C2=CC(=CC=C2)NS(=O)(=O)C3=NC=C(C=C3)C(F)(F)F)O)CCC4=CC=CC=C4 | ||
| Standard InChIKey | SUJUHGSWHZTSEU-FYBSXPHGSA-N | ||
| Standard InChI | InChI=1S/C31H33F3N2O5S/c1-3-16-30(17-15-21-9-6-5-7-10-21)19-26(37)28(29(38)41-30)25(4-2)22-11-8-12-24(18-22)36-42(39,40)27-14-13-23(20-35-27)31(32,33)34/h5-14,18,20,25,36-37H,3-4,15-17,19H2,1-2H3/t25-,30-/m1/s1 | ||
| General tips | For obtaining a higher solubility , please warm the tube at 37 ℃ and shake it in the ultrasonic bath for a while.Stock solution can be stored below -20℃ for several months. We recommend that you prepare and use the solution on the same day. However, if the test schedule requires, the stock solutions can be prepared in advance, and the stock solution must be sealed and stored below -20℃. In general, the stock solution can be kept for several months. Before use, we recommend that you leave the vial at room temperature for at least an hour before opening it. |
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| About Packaging | 1. The packaging of the product may be reversed during transportation, cause the high purity compounds to adhere to the neck or cap of the vial.Take the vail out of its packaging and shake gently until the compounds fall to the bottom of the vial. 2. For liquid products, please centrifuge at 500xg to gather the liquid to the bottom of the vial. 3. Try to avoid loss or contamination during the experiment. |
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| Shipping Condition | Packaging according to customer requirements(5mg, 10mg, 20mg and more). Ship via FedEx, DHL, UPS, EMS or other couriers with RT, or blue ice upon request. | ||
| Description | Tipranavir inhibits the enzymatic activity and dimerization of HIV-1 protease, exerts potent activity against multi-protease inhibitor (PI)-resistant HIV-1 isolates with IC50s of 66-410 nM.In Vitro:Tipranavir (TPV) inhibits the enzymatic activity of HIV-1 protease, blocks the dimerization of protease subunits, and exerts potent activity against a wide spectrum of wild-type and multi-PI-resistant HIV-1 variants. When a mixture of 11 multi-PI-resistant (but TPV-sensitive) clinical isolates (HIV11MIX), which include HIVB and HIVC, is selected against Tipranavir, HIV11MIX rapidly (by 10 passages [HIV11MIXP10]) acquires high-level Tipranavir resistance and replicates at high concentrations of Tipranavir. cHIVBI54V and cHIVBI54V/V82T are significantly resistant to TPV, with IC50s of 2.9 and 3.2 μM, respectively, which are 11- and 12-fold increases in comparison to the IC50 against cHIVB, respectively[1].In Vivo:Tipranavir (TPV) is administered orally twice daily and must be given in combination with low-dose ritonavir (RTV) to boost Tipranavir bioavailability. In Tipranavir/r-cotreated mice, the Tipranavir abundance in the liver, spleen, and eyes is significantly higher than that in mice treated with Tipranavir alone. Tipranavir metabolites accounts for 31 and 38% in the serum and liver in the Tipranavir-alone group. In Tipranavir and Tipranavir (TPV/r)-cotreated mice, only 1 and 2% of metabolites are detected in the serum and liver. Sprague-Dawley rats are administered a single dose of [14C]Tipranavir with coadministration of RTV. The most abundant metabolite in feces is an oxidation metabolite. In urine, no single metabolite is found to be significantly present[2]. References: | |||||
| Kinase experiment [1]: | |
| Inhibitory activities | The inhibition constant (Ki) for tipranavir (TPV) was determined by measuring the change in fluorescence associated with the cleavage of the fluorogenic substrate Arg-Glu(EDANS)-Ser-Gln-Asn-Tyr-Pro-Ile-Val-Gln-Lys(DABCYL)-Arg. Enzymatic assays were performed in 10 mM sodium acetate buffer, pH 5.0, with 40 μM substrate and 1 to 400 nM protease at 25℃. The inhibitor concentration varied between 2 nM and 1 μM, depending on the type of inhibitor and mutant used. Several aliquots at different concentrations were prepared by diluting the stock solution (15 mM) in 100% DMSO. The final concentration of DMSO was 2% (vol/vol) in all reaction mixtures. Fluorescence was measured on a CytoFluor fluorescence multiwell plate reader with an excitation wavelength of 360 nm and an emission wavelength of 508 nm. Hydrolysis rates were obtained from the initial portion of the data, where at least 80% of the substrate remained nonhydrolyzed. |
| Human experiment [2]: | |
| Patients | HIV-1-infected patients. |
| Dosage form | 500 mg twice daily or 1000 mg twice daily administered with ritonavir (100 mg twice daily); 80 weeks. |
| Application | TPV induces a consistent and durable reduction in viral load and increases the amount of CD4+ cells. |
| Other notes | Please test the solubility of all compounds indoor, and the actual solubility may slightly differ with the theoretical value. This is caused by an experimental system error and it is normal. |
| References: [1]. Muzammil S, Armstrong AA, Kang LW, et al. Unique thermodynamic response of tipranavir to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease drug resistance mutations. J Virol, 2007, 81(10): 5144-5154. [2]. Markowitz M, Slater LN, Schwartz R, et al. Long-term efficacy and safety of tipranavir boosted with ritonavir in HIV-1-infected patients failing multiple protease inhibitor regimens: 80-week data from a phase 2 study. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr, 2007, 45(4): 401-410. | |
Tipranavir Dilution Calculator
Tipranavir Molarity Calculator
| 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 20 mg | 25 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.6593 mL | 8.2966 mL | 16.5931 mL | 33.1862 mL | 41.4828 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.3319 mL | 1.6593 mL | 3.3186 mL | 6.6372 mL | 8.2966 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.1659 mL | 0.8297 mL | 1.6593 mL | 3.3186 mL | 4.1483 mL |
| 50 mM | 0.0332 mL | 0.1659 mL | 0.3319 mL | 0.6637 mL | 0.8297 mL |
| 100 mM | 0.0166 mL | 0.083 mL | 0.1659 mL | 0.3319 mL | 0.4148 mL |
| * Note: If you are in the process of experiment, it's necessary to make the dilution ratios of the samples. The dilution data above is only for reference. Normally, it's can get a better solubility within lower of Concentrations. | |||||
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Tipranavir is a potent HIV protease inhibitor, which has been proven effective in inhibiting the HIV protease with a Ki value of 8 pM and showing an IC90 value of 100 nM [1].
It is believed that tipranavir can block the replication of numbers of viruses resistant to the current range of protease inhibitor. And the major amino acid substitutions of HIV-1 protease were identified to be associated with tipranavir sensitivity and resistance .[2]
As a highly potent HIV protease inhibitor , tipranavir inhibited HIV-2 protease with high potency (Ki < 1 nM) and was also effective against V82A and V82F/I84V mutants (Ki 3.0 and 0.25 nM, respectively). High Ki values against other aspartyl proteases such as human pepsin, cathepsins D and E illustrated the selectivity for HIV protease. An investigation of the effect of protein binding on antiviral activity was performed in HIV-1IIIB infected cells in a medium of 10% fetal bovine serum and 75% human plasma, where above 99% of the inhibitor is protein bound and an IC90 value of 1.4 µM was observed [1] . Additionally, a study of antiviral activities of tipranavir was operated with 134 clinical isolates in vitro, which showed the attractive properties of broadly protease inhibitor resistant HIV clinical samples [2].
In a mouse model with 5 mg/kg tipranavir dosing, as a result, CLtot was 0.17 ± 0.10 L/h/kg, Vss was 0.51 ± 0.14 L/kg, and t1/2 was 5.4 ±0. 3h. And following 10 mg/kg oral dosing in rats, got the result of F was 30% compared to 5 mg/kg tipranavir dosing [1]. After being proved an effective therapeutic agent for treatment of AIDS. An evaluating of the long-term (up to week 292) safety, efficacy and tolerability of ritonavir-boosted tipranavir was carried out in HIV-1-infected pediatric patients. The result of the evaluating indicated that the pediatric patients do well with regard to safety, tolerability and virologic efficacy when they are stable on a tipranavir-based regimen [3].
References:
1.Turner SR, Strohbach JW, Tommasi RA , et al.Tipranavir (PNU-140690): A Potent, Orally Bioavailable Nonpeptidic HIV Protease Inhibitor of the 5,6-Dihydro-4-hydroxy-2-pyrone Sulfonamide Class. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 1998,41 (18), 3467-3476.
2.Larder BA , Hertogs K , Bloor S ,et al. Tipranavir inhibits broadly protease inhibitor-resistant HIV-1 clinical samples. AIDS, 14 (13), 1943-1948.
3.Salazar JC, Cahn P, Della Negra M, et al. Efficacy and safety of tipranavir coadministered with ritonavir in HIV-1-infected children and adolescents: 5 years of experience. The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, 2014, 33 (4), 396-400.
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Tipranavir/Ritonavir (500/200 mg and 500/100 mg) Was Virologically Non-Inferior to Lopinavir/Ritonavir (400/100 mg) at Week 48 in Treatment-Naive HIV-1-Infected Patients: A Randomized, Multinational, Multicenter Trial.[Pubmed:26730818]
PLoS One. 2016 Jan 5;11(1):e0144917.
Ritonavir-boosted Tipranavir (TPV/r) was evaluated as initial therapy in treatment-naive HIV-1-infected patients because of its potency, unique resistance profile, and high genetic barrier. Trial 1182.33, an open-label, randomized trial, compared two TPV/r dose combinations versus ritonavir-boosted lopinavir (LPV/r). Eligible adults, who had no prior antiretroviral therapy were randomized to twice daily (BID) 500/100 mg TPV/r, 500/200 mg TPV/r, or 400/100 mg LPV/r. Each treatment group also received Tenofovir 300 mg + Lamivudine 300 mg QD. The primary endpoint was a confirmed viral load (VL) <50 copies/mL at week 48 without prior antiretroviral regimen changes. Primary analyses examined CD4-adjusted response rates for non-inferiority, using a 15% non-inferiority margin. At week 48, VL<50 copies/mL was 68.4%, 69.9%, and 72.4% in TPV/r100, TPV/r200, and LPV/r groups, respectively, and TPV/r groups showed non-inferiority to LPV/r. Discontinuation due to adverse events was higher in TPV/r100 (10.3%) and TPV/r200 (15.3%) recipients versus LPV/r (3.2%) recipients. The frequency of grade >/=3 transaminase elevations was higher in the TPV/r200 group than the other groups, leading to closure of this group. However, upon continued treatment or following re-introduction after treatment interruption, transaminase elevations returned to grade 65% of patients receiving either TPV/r200 or TPV/r100. The trial was subsequently discontinued; primary objectives were achieved and continuing TPV/r100 was less tolerable than standard of care for initial highly active antiretroviral therapy. All treatment groups had similar 48-week treatment responses. TPV/r100 and TPV/r200 regimens resulted in sustained treatment responses, which were non-inferior to LPV/r at 48 weeks. When compared with the LPV/r regimen and examined in the light of more current regimens, these TPV/r regimens do not appear to be the best options for treatment-naive patients based on their safety profiles.
Efficacy and safety of tipranavir coadministered with ritonavir in HIV-1-infected children and adolescents: 5 years of experience.[Pubmed:23995585]
Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2014 Apr;33(4):396-400.
BACKGROUND: To evaluate the long-term (up to week 292) safety, efficacy and tolerability of ritonavir-boosted Tipranavir in HIV-1-infected pediatric patients. Long-term follow up of patients enrolled in the randomized, open-label pediatric trial (1182.14/PACTG1051). METHODS: HIV-1-infected pediatric patients (2-18 years) who participated in the PACTG 1051 trial were followed for ritonavir-boosted Tipranavir-based regimen efficacy, safety and tolerability through week 292. RESULTS: In patients <12 years of age, 51/62 (82%) were receiving drug at week 48 and 13/62 (21%) at week 288. Among adolescents (12-18 years of age), 35/53 (66%) were receiving drug at week 48 and 2/53 (4%) at week 288. Among patients 2 to <6 years of age, 18/25 (72%) had viral loads <400 copies/mL at week 48. By week 292, 9/25 (36%) of patients had viral loads <400 copies/mL. Among older patients, week 48 responder rates were 35% (13/37 of patients 6 to <12 years of age) and 32% (17/53 of patients 12 to 18 years of age). By week 292, 6/37 (16%) of those 6 to <12 years of age and 2/53 (4%) of those 12 to 18 years of age had viral loads <400 copies/mL. Overall safety and tolerability profiles were best for children who initiated treatment between 2 and <6 years of age. Drug-related adverse events (investigator defined) were similar across all age groups (55-65%). CONCLUSIONS: Pediatric patients who begin treatment at the earlier ages, and who are stable on a ritonavir-boosted Tipranavir-based regimen at week 48, generally continue to demonstrate good safety, tolerability and virologic efficacy profiles up to 292 weeks of treatment.
Effectiveness of tipranavir versus darunavir as a salvage therapy in HIV-1 treatment-experienced patients.[Pubmed:27694731]
J Infect Dev Ctries. 2016 Sep 30;10(9):982-987.
INTRODUCTION: Although both Tipranavir (TPV) and darunavir (DRV) represent important options for the management of patients with multi-protease inhibitor (PI)-resistant human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), currently there are no studies comparing the effectiveness and safety of these two drugs in the Mexican population. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of TPV versus DRV as a salvage therapy in HIV-1 treatment-experienced patients. METHODOLOGY: This was a comparative, prospective, cohort study. Patients with HIV and triple-class drug resistance evaluated at the Hospital de Infectologia "La Raza", National Medical Center, were included. All patients had the protease and retrotranscriptase genotype; resistance mutation interpretation was done using the Stanford database. RESULTS: A total of 35 HIV-1 triple-class drug-resistant patients were analyzed. All of them received tenofovir and raltegravir, 22 received darunavir/ritonavir (DRV/r), and 13 received Tipranavir/ritonavir (TPV/r) therapies. The median baseline RNA HIV-1 viral load and CD4+ cell count were 4.34 log (interquartile range [IQR], 4.15-4.72) and 267 cells/mm3 (IQR, 177-320) for the DRV/r group, and 4.14 log (IQR, 3.51-4.85) and 445 cells/mm3 (IQR, 252-558) for the TPV/r group. At week 24 of treatment, 91% of patients receiving DRV/r and 100% of patients receiving TPV/r had an RNA HIV-1 viral load < 50 copies/mL and a CD4+ cell count of 339 cells/mm3 (IQR, 252-447) and 556 cells/mm3 (IQR, 364-659), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: No significant difference was observed between DRV/r and TPV/r in terms of virological suppression in HIV-1 patients who were highly experienced in antiretroviral therapy.
Effects of enzyme inducers efavirenz and tipranavir/ritonavir on the pharmacokinetics of the HIV integrase inhibitor dolutegravir.[Pubmed:25146692]
Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2014 Oct;70(10):1173-9.
PURPOSE: Dolutegravir (DTG) is an unboosted, integrase inhibitor for the treatment of HIV infection. Two studies evaluated the effects of efavirenz (EFV) and Tipranavir/ritonavir (TPV/r) on DTG pharmacokinetics (PK) in healthy subjects. METHODS: The first study was an open-label crossover where 12 subjects received DTG 50 mg every 24 hours (q24h) for 5 days, followed by DTG 50 mg and EFV 600 mg q24h for 14 days. The second study was an open-label crossover where 18 subjects received DTG 50 mg q24h for 5 days followed by TPV/r 500/200 mg every 12 hours (q12h) for 7 days and then DTG 50 mg q24h and TPV/r 500/200 mg q12h for a further 5 days. Safety assessments and serial PK samples were collected. Non-compartmental PK analysis and geometric mean ratios and 90% confidence intervals were generated. RESULTS: The combination of DTG with EFV or TPV/r was generally well tolerated. Four subjects discontinued the TPV/r study due to increases in alanine aminotransferase that were considered related to TPV/r. Co-administration with EFV resulted in decreases of 57, 39 and 75% in DTG AUC(0-tau), Cmax and Ctau, respectively. Co-administration with TPV/r resulted in decreases of 59, 46 and 76% in DTG AUC(0-tau), Cmax and Ctau, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Given the reductions in exposure and PK/pharmacodynamic relationships in phase II/III trials, DTG should be given at an increased dose of 50 mg twice daily when co-administered with EFV or TPV/r, and alternative regimens without inducers should be considered in integrase inhibitor-resistant patients.
