ARL 67156 trisodium salt

ARL 67156 trisodium salt is a selective inhibitor of ecto-ATPase. Also, FPL 67156 is a weak agonist of P2U-purinoceptors and weak antagonist of P2T- and P2X-purinoceptors [1].

Ecto-ATPase is an integral membrane protein that catalyzes the hydrolysis of extracellular ATP to ADP and inorganic phosphate.

ARL 67156 trisodium salt is a selective ecto-ATPase inhibitor. In the human blood cell assay, ARL 67156 inhibited ATP degradation with pIC50 value of 4.62. In the rabbit ear artery, ARL 67156 30 μM-1 mM) increased the contractile effects of ATP and inhibited ecto-ATPase with pKI value of 5.2 [1]. In the guinea-pig vas deferens, ARL 67156 (5-100 μM) significantly increased neurogenic contract response to nerve stimulation in a concentration-dependent way, which was due to potentiation of the action of ATP [2]. In HEK 293T or COS-7 cells transfected with human NPP1, NPP3, NTPDase1, 2, 3 or 8, ARL 67156 (50-100 μM) competitively inhibited human NPP1, NTPDase1 and NTPDase3 with Ki values of 12, 11 and 18 μM, respectively [3].

In warfarin-induced mineralization rat model, ARL67156 inhibited mineralization of the aortic valve/aorta and prevented aortic stenosis by the inhibition of apoptosis. Also, ARL67156 normalized the level of pAkt, which was involved in the survival pathway [4].

References:
[1].  Crack BE, Pollard CE, Beukers MW, et al. Pharmacological and biochemical analysis of FPL 67156, a novel, selective inhibitor of ecto-ATPase. Br J Pharmacol, 1995, 114(2): 475-481.
[2].  Westfall TD, Kennedy C, Sneddon P. Enhancement of sympathetic purinergic neurotransmission in the guinea-pig isolated vas deferens by the novel ecto-ATPase inhibitor ARL 67156. Br J Pharmacol, 1996, 117(5): 867-872.
[3].  Lévesque SA, Lavoie EG, Lecka J, et al. Specificity of the ecto-ATPase inhibitor ARL 67156 on human and mouse ectonucleotidases. Br J Pharmacol, 2007, 152(1): 141-150.
[4].  Côté N, El Husseini D, Pépin A, et al. Inhibition of ectonucleotidase with ARL67156 prevents the development of calcific aortic valve disease in warfarin-treated rats. Eur J Pharmacol, 2012, 689(1-3): 139-146.

Specificity of the ecto-ATPase inhibitor ARL 67156 on human and mouse ectonucleotidases.[Pubmed:17603550]

Br J Pharmacol. 2007 Sep;152(1):141-50.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: ARL 67156, 6-N,N-Diethyl-D-beta-gamma-dibromomethylene adenosine triphosphate, originally named FPL 67156, is the only commercially available inhibitor of ecto-ATPases. Since the first report on this molecule, various ectonucleotidases responsible for the hydrolysis of ATP at the cell surface have been cloned and characterized. In this work, we identified the ectonucleotidases inhibited by ARL 67156. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: The effect of ARL 67156 on recombinant NTPDase1, 2, 3 & 8 (mouse and human), NPP1, NPP3 and ecto-5'-nucleotidase (human) have been evaluated. The inhibition of the activity of NTPDases (using the following substrates: ATP, ADP, UTP), NPPs (pnp-TMP, Ap(3)A) and ecto-5'-nucleotidase (AMP) was measured by colorimetric or HPLC assays. KEY RESULTS: ARL 67156 was a weak competitive inhibitor of human NTPDase1, NTPDase3 and NPP1 with K(i) of 11+/-3, 18+/-4 and 12+/-3 microM, respectively. At concentrations used in the literature (50-100 microM), ARL 67156 partially but significantly inhibited the mouse and human forms of these enzymes. NTPDase2, NTPDase8, NPP3 and ecto-5'-nucleotidase activities were less affected. Importantly, ARL 67156 was not hydrolysed by either human NTPDase1, 2, 3, 8, NPP1 or NPP3. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: In cell environments where NTPDase1, NTPDase3, NPP1 or mouse NTPDase8 are present, ARL 67156 would prolong the effect of endogenously released ATP on P2 receptors. However, it does not block any ectonucleotidases efficiently when high concentrations of substrates are present, such as in biochemical, pharmacological or P2X(7) assays. In addition, ARL 67156 is not an effective inhibitor of NTPDase2, human NTPDase8, NPP3 and ecto-5'-nucleotidase.

The ecto-ATPase inhibitor ARL 67156 enhances parasympathetic neurotransmission in the guinea-pig urinary bladder.[Pubmed:9226410]

Eur J Pharmacol. 1997 Jun 25;329(2-3):169-73.

The influence of enzymatic degradation on the neurotransmitter actions of ATP was studied using the ecto-ATPase inhibitor 6-N,N-diethyl-D-beta,gamma-dibromomethyleneATP (ARL 67156). Field stimulation of the parasympathetic nerves innervating guinea-pig urinary bladder muscle strips (1-8 Hz for 20 s) produced characteristic biphasic contractions, the peak magnitudes of which were significantly increased by 29-32% by ARL 67156 (100 microM). A similar degree of enhancement was seen in the presence of atropine (1 microM), consistent with ARL 67156 acting to enhance the action of neuronally released ATP. The effects of ARL 67156 reversed rapidly on washout of the drug. Contractions evoked by exogenous ATP (100 microM) were also potentiated by ARL 67156 (100 microM), but those to the stable analogue alpha,beta-methyleneATP (5 microM) were unaffected. ARL 67156 (100 microM) also enhanced contractions to exogenous acetylcholine (1 microM) and histamine (3 microM), but this potentiation was abolished by pyridoxalphosphate-6-azophenyl-2',4'-disulphonic acid (PPADS) (100 mciroM). It is concluded that when ATP acts as a neurotransmitter its postjunctional actions are attenuated by enzymatic degradation. ARL 67156 inhibits this breakdown.

Pharmacological and biochemical analysis of FPL 67156, a novel, selective inhibitor of ecto-ATPase.[Pubmed:7533620]

Br J Pharmacol. 1995 Jan;114(2):475-81.

1. FPL 67156 (6-N,N-diethyl-beta, gamma-dibromomethylene-D-ATP), is a newly synthesized analogue of ATP. 2. In a rabbit isolated tracheal epithelium preparation, measuring P2U-purinoceptor-dependent chloride secretion, FPL 67156 was discovered to potentiate the responses to UTP but not those to ATP-gamma-S. UTP agonist-concentration effect (E/[A]) curves were shifted to the left by 5-fold in the presence of 100 microM FPL 67156. The differential effect of FPL 67156 on UTP and ATP-gamma-S was hypothesized to be due to the greater susceptibility of UTP to enzymatic dephosphorylation and the ability of FPL 67156 to inhibit this process. 3. FPL 67156 was tested as an ecto-ATPase inhibitor in a human blood cell assay, measuring [gamma 32P]-ATP dephosphorylation. The compound inhibited [gamma 32P]-ATP degradation with a pIC50 of 4.6. 4. FPL 67156 was then tested for its effects on ATP and alpha, beta-methylene-ATP responses at P2X-purinoceptors in the rabbit isolated ear artery. In the concentration range 30 microM-1 mM, the compound potentiated the contractile effects of ATP but not those of alpha, beta-methylene-ATP. At 1 mM, FPL 67156 produced a 34-fold leftward shift of ATP E/[A] curves. 5. The effects of FPL 67156 on ATP E/[A] curves in the rabbit ear artery were analyzed using a theoretical model (Furchgott, 1972) describing the action of an enzyme inhibitor on the effects of a metabolically unstable agonist. This analysis provided an estimate of the pKi for FPL 67156 as an ecto-ATPase inhibitor of 5.2. 6. Using appropriate assays, FPL 67156 was shown to have weak antagonist effects at P2X- and P2T-purinoceptors (pA2 ~ 3.3 and 3.5 respectively), and weak agonist effects at P2u-purinoceptors(p[A 50]~ 3.5).7. The degree of potentiation of ATP and UTP effects elicited by FPL 67156 confirms previous results concerning the influence that ecto-ATPase has on the position of E/[A] curves for metabolically unstable agonists. The magnitude of this influence is predicted to have a major effect on the agonist potency orders currently used to designate purinoceptors.8.This study indicates FPL 67156 to be a potentially valuable probe in studies on the action of nucleotides and in the classification of purinoceptors.

ARL67156 trisodium salt is an inhibitor of ecto-ATPase. ARL 67156 is a weak competitive inhibitor of NTPDase1 (CD39), NTPDase3 and NPP1, with Kis of 11, 18 and 12 μM, respectively.

ARL 67156 trisodium salt,1021868-83-6,FPL 67156,Natural Products,ATPase, buy ARL 67156 trisodium salt , ARL 67156 trisodium salt supplier , purchase ARL 67156 trisodium salt , ARL 67156 trisodium salt cost , ARL 67156 trisodium salt manufacturer , order ARL 67156 trisodium salt , high purity ARL 67156 trisodium salt