Amoxicillin trihydrateBroad spectrum antibiotic CAS# 61336-70-7 |
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Quality Control & MSDS
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| Cas No. | 61336-70-7 | SDF | Download SDF |
| PubChem ID | 62883 | Appearance | Powder |
| Formula | C16H25N3O8S | M.Wt | 419.45 |
| Type of Compound | N/A | Storage | Desiccate at -20°C |
| Synonyms | Amoxycillin trihydrate | ||
| Solubility | DMSO : 10 mg/mL (23.84 mM; Need ultrasonic) H2O : 2 mg/mL (4.77 mM; Need ultrasonic) | ||
| Chemical Name | (2S,5R,6R)-6-[[(2R)-2-amino-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetyl]amino]-3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid;trihydrate | ||
| SMILES | CC1(C(N2C(S1)C(C2=O)NC(=O)C(C3=CC=C(C=C3)O)N)C(=O)O)C.O.O.O | ||
| Standard InChIKey | MQXQVCLAUDMCEF-CWLIKTDRSA-N | ||
| Standard InChI | InChI=1S/C16H19N3O5S.3H2O/c1-16(2)11(15(23)24)19-13(22)10(14(19)25-16)18-12(21)9(17)7-3-5-8(20)6-4-7;;;/h3-6,9-11,14,20H,17H2,1-2H3,(H,18,21)(H,23,24);3*1H2/t9-,10-,11+,14-;;;/m1.../s1 | ||
| General tips | For obtaining a higher solubility , please warm the tube at 37 ℃ and shake it in the ultrasonic bath for a while.Stock solution can be stored below -20℃ for several months. We recommend that you prepare and use the solution on the same day. However, if the test schedule requires, the stock solutions can be prepared in advance, and the stock solution must be sealed and stored below -20℃. In general, the stock solution can be kept for several months. Before use, we recommend that you leave the vial at room temperature for at least an hour before opening it. |
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| About Packaging | 1. The packaging of the product may be reversed during transportation, cause the high purity compounds to adhere to the neck or cap of the vial.Take the vail out of its packaging and shake gently until the compounds fall to the bottom of the vial. 2. For liquid products, please centrifuge at 500xg to gather the liquid to the bottom of the vial. 3. Try to avoid loss or contamination during the experiment. |
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| Shipping Condition | Packaging according to customer requirements(5mg, 10mg, 20mg and more). Ship via FedEx, DHL, UPS, EMS or other couriers with RT, or blue ice upon request. | ||
| Description | Amoxicillin Trihydrate is a moderate- spectrum, bacteriolytic, β-lactam antibiotic.
Target: Antibacterial
Amoxicillin is a moderate-spectrum, bacteriolytic, β-lactam antibiotic in the aminopenicillin family used to treat bacterial infections caused by susceptible Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms. It is usually the drug of choice within the class because it is better-absorbed, following oral administration, than other β-lactam antibiotics. Amoxicillin is susceptible to degradation by β-lactamase-producing bacteria, which are resistant to a narrow spectrum of β-lactam antibiotics, such as penicillin. For this reason, it is often combined with clavulanic acid, a β-lactamase inhibitor. This increases effectiveness by reducing its susceptibility to β-lactamase resistance. From Wikipedia. References: | |||||
Amoxicillin trihydrate Dilution Calculator
Amoxicillin trihydrate Molarity Calculator
| 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 20 mg | 25 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.3841 mL | 11.9204 mL | 23.8407 mL | 47.6815 mL | 59.6019 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.4768 mL | 2.3841 mL | 4.7681 mL | 9.5363 mL | 11.9204 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.2384 mL | 1.192 mL | 2.3841 mL | 4.7681 mL | 5.9602 mL |
| 50 mM | 0.0477 mL | 0.2384 mL | 0.4768 mL | 0.9536 mL | 1.192 mL |
| 100 mM | 0.0238 mL | 0.1192 mL | 0.2384 mL | 0.4768 mL | 0.596 mL |
| * Note: If you are in the process of experiment, it's necessary to make the dilution ratios of the samples. The dilution data above is only for reference. Normally, it's can get a better solubility within lower of Concentrations. | |||||
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Amoxicillin trihydrate is a penicillin-structural similar to ampicillin and broad spectrum antibiotic [1].
Amoxicillin trihydrate has shown an antibacterial spectrum comparable to that of ampicillin and be better absorbed after oral administration. In addition, the antibacterial activity of Amoxicillin trihydrate against approximately 30 isolates each of Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Kiebsiella, Enterobacter, andindole-positive Proteus specie with the MIC values of 0.01μg/ml, 0.25μg/ml and 50μg/ml for Str.viridans, Bacillus anthracis and P.rettgeri, respectively. Apart from these, Amoxicillin trihydrate has been found to produce substantially higher serum levels than the same dose of ampicillin [1,2,3].
References:
[1] H. Hunter Handsfield, Hugh Clark, James F. Wallace, King K. Holmes and Marvin Turck Amoxicillin, a New Penicillin Antibiotic
[2] Bodey GP, Nance J. Amoxicillin: in vitro and pharmacological studies. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1972 Apr;1(4):358-62.
[3] Bodey GP, Nance J. Amoxicillin: in vitro and pharmacological studies. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1972 Apr;1(4):358-62.
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Pharmacokinetics of amoxicillin trihydrate in Thai swamp buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis): a pilot study.[Pubmed:27292774]
J Vet Pharmacol Ther. 2017 Apr;40(2):200-202.
This study aimed to investigate the pharmacokinetic characteristics of amoxicillin (AMX) in Thai swamp buffaloes, Bubalus bubalis, following single intramuscular administration at two dosages of 10 and 20 mg/kg body weight (b.w.). Blood samples were collected at assigned times up to 48 h. The plasma concentrations of AMX were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The concentrations of AMX in the plasma were determined up to 24 h after i.m. administration at both dosages. The Cmax values of AMX were 3.39 +/- 0.18 mug/mL and 6.16 +/- 0.18 mug/mL at doses of 10 and 20 mg/kg, respectively. The AUClast values increased in a dose-dependent fashion. The half-life values were 5.56 +/- 0.40 h and 4.37 +/- 0.23 h at doses of 10 and 20 mg/kg b.w, respectively. Based on the pharmacokinetic data and PK-PD index (T > MIC), i.m. administration of AMX at a dose of 20 mg/kg b.w might be appropriate for the treatment of susceptible Mannheimia haemolytica infection in Thai swamp buffaloes.
Floating mucoadhesive alginate beads of amoxicillin trihydrate: A facile approach for H. pylori eradication.[Pubmed:27177460]
Int J Biol Macromol. 2016 Aug;89:622-31.
This study investigates the design of sunflower oil entrapped floating and mucoadhesive beads of Amoxicillin trihydrate using sodium alginate and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose as matrix polymers and chitosan as coating polymer to localize the antibiotic at the stomach site against Helicobacter pylori. Beads prepared by ionotropic gellation technique were evaluated for different physicochemical, in-vitro and in-vivo properties. Beads of all batches were floated for >24h with a maximum lag time of 46.3+/-3.2s. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the beads were spherical in shape with few oil filled channels distributed throughout the surfaces and small pocket structures inside the matrix confirming oil entrapment. Prepared beads showed good mucoadhesiveness of 75.7+/-3.0% to 85.0+/-5.5%. The drug release profile was best fitted to Higuchi model with non fickian driven mechanism. The optimized batch showed 100% Helicobacter pylori growth inhibition in 15h in in-vitro culture. Furthermore, X-ray study in rabbit stomach confirmed the gastric retention of optimized formulation. The results exhibited that formulated beads may be preferred to localize the antibiotic in the gastric region to allow more availability of antibiotic at gastric mucus layer acting on Helicobacter pylori, thereby improving the therapeutic efficacy.
Performance of iron nano particles and bimetallic Ni/Fe nanoparticles in removal of amoxicillin trihydrate from synthetic wastewater.[Pubmed:27332846]
Water Sci Technol. 2016;73(12):2998-3007.
In the present study, the degradation of Amoxicillin trihydrate (AMT), using synthesized nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) and bimetallic Fe and Ni nanoparticles stabilized with chitosan (Cs-Fe/Ni), in water was investigated. A central composite design combined with response surface methodology and optimization was utilized for maximizing the AMT reduction by the nanoparticles-water system. The importance of the various variables and their interactions were analyzed using analysis of variance and t-test. The effects of independent parameters were tested and the results showed that the initial concentration of AMT, pH, and nanoparticles dosage were all significant factors. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy images indicated that chitosan acts as a stabilizer preventing the agglomeration of nanoparticles. Also, chitosan and Ni increased the specific surface area of Cs-Fe/Ni. X-ray diffraction confirmed the existence of Fe(0) in fresh samples and the presence of Fe(II) and Fe(III) after the reaction with AMT. This study demonstrates that the nZVI technology could be a promising approach for antibiotic wastewater treatment.
Partial Least-Squares and Linear Support Vector Regression Chemometric Methods for Simultaneous Determination of Amoxicillin Trihydrate and Dicloxacillin Sodium in the Presence of Their Common Impurity.[Pubmed:27305461]
J AOAC Int. 2016 Jul;99(4):972-979.
Two multivariate chemometric models, namely, partial least-squares regression (PLSR) and linear support vector regression (SVR), are presented for the analysis of Amoxicillin trihydrate and dicloxacillin sodium in the presence of their common impurity (6-aminopenicillanic acid) in raw materials and in pharmaceutical dosage form via handling UV spectral data and making a modest comparison between the two models, highlighting the advantages and limitations of each. For optimum analysis, a three-factor, four-level experimental design was established, resulting in a training set of 16 mixtures containing different ratios of interfering species. To validate the prediction ability of the suggested models, an independent test set consisting of eight mixtures was used. The presented results show the ability of the two proposed models to determine the two drugs simultaneously in the presence of small levels of the common impurity with high accuracy and selectivity. The analysis results of the dosage form were statistically compared to a reported HPLC method, with no significant difference regarding accuracy and precision, indicating the ability of the suggested multivariate calibration models to be reliable and suitable for routine analysis of the drug product. Compared to the PLSR model, the SVR model gives more accurate results with a lower prediction error, as well as high generalization ability; however, the PLSR model is easy to handle and fast to optimize.
