Kushenol W

Nonlinear pulse compression to 43 W GW-class few-cycle pulses at 2 mum wavelength.[Pubmed:29028042]

Opt Lett. 2017 Oct 15;42(20):4179-4182.

High-average power laser sources delivering intense few-cycle pulses in wavelength regions beyond the near infrared are promising tools for driving the next generation of high-flux strong-field experiments. In this work, we report on nonlinear pulse compression to 34.4 muJ-, 2.1-cycle pulses with 1.4 GW peak power at a central wavelength of 1.82 mum and an average power of 43 W. This performance level was enabled by the combination of a high-repetition-rate ultrafast thulium-doped fiber laser system and a gas-filled antiresonant hollow-core fiber.

THE 2017 13(TH) ANNUAL DAVID W. KENNEDY, MD, LECTURE The evolution of outcomes in sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis: past, present, and future.[Pubmed:29028274]

Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2017 Dec;7(12):1121-1126.

This is an edited transcript from the 2017 13th Annual David W. Kennedy, MD, Lecture, presented to the American Rhinologic Society during the 63rd Annual Meeting.

Kit (W-sh) Mutation Prevents Cancellous Bone Loss during Calcium Deprivation.[Pubmed:29032463]

Calcif Tissue Int. 2018 Jan;102(1):93-104.

Calcium is essential for normal bone growth and development. Inadequate calcium intake increases the risk of osteoporosis and fractures. Kit ligand/c-Kit signaling plays an important role in regulating bone homeostasis. Mice with c-Kit mutations are osteopenic. The present study aimed to investigate whether impairment of or reduction in c-Kit signaling affects bone turnover during calcium deprivation. Three-week-old male WBB6F1/J-Kit (W) /Kit (W-v) /J (W/W (v) ) mice with c-Kit point mutation, Kit (W-sh) /HNihrJaeBsmJ (W (sh) /W (sh) ) mice with an inversion mutation in the regulatory elements upstream of the c-Kit promoter region, and their wild-type controls (WT) were fed either a normal (0.6% calcium) or a low calcium diet (0.02% calcium) for 3 weeks. muCT analysis indicated that both mutants fed normal calcium diet had significantly decreased cortical thickness and cancellous bone volume compared to WT. The low calcium diet resulted in a comparable reduction in cortical bone volume and cortical thickness in the W/W (v) and W (sh) /W (sh) mice, and their corresponding controls. As expected, the low calcium diet induced cancellous bone loss in the W/W (v) mice. In contrast, W (sh) /W (sh) cancellous bone did not respond to this diet. This c-Kit mutation prevented cancellous bone loss by antagonizing the low calcium diet-induced increase in osteoblast and osteoclast numbers in the W (sh) /W (sh) mice. Gene expression profiling showed that calcium deficiency increased Osx, Ocn, Alp, type I collagen, c-Fms, M-CSF, and RANKL/OPG mRNA expression in controls; however, the W (sh) mutation suppressed these effects. Our findings indicate that although calcium restriction increased bone turnover, leading to osteopenia, the decreased c-Kit expression levels in the W (sh) /W (sh) mice prevented the low calcium diet-induced increase in cancellous bone turnover and bone loss but not the cortical bone loss.

The first anion-exchange membrane fuel cell to exceed 1 W cm(-2) at 70 degrees C with a non-Pt-group (O2) cathode.[Pubmed:29034381]

Chem Commun (Camb). 2017 Aug 22;53(86):11771-11773.

Anion-exchange membrane fuel cells face two challenges: performance and durability. Addressing the first, we demonstrate high performance with both O2 and CO2-free air supplies, even when using a Ag/C cathode. This was enabled by the development of a radiation-grafted anion-exchange membrane that was less than 30 mum thick when hydrated.

Accuracy of W' Recovery Kinetics in High Performance Cyclists-Modeling Intermittent Work Capacity.[Pubmed:29035607]

Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2018 Jul 1;13(6):724-728.

PURPOSE: With knowledge of an individual's critical power and W', the SKIBA 2 model provides a framework with which to track W' balance during intermittent high-intensity work bouts. There are fears that the time constant controlling the recovery rate of W' (tauW') may require refinement to enable effective use in an elite population. METHODS: Four elite endurance cyclists completed an array of intermittent exercise protocols to volitional exhaustion. Each protocol lasted approximately 3.5-6 min and featured a range of recovery intensities, set in relation to the athlete's critical power (DCP). Using the framework of the SKIBA 2 model, the tauW' values were modified for each protocol to achieve an accurate W' at volitional exhaustion. Modified tauW' values were compared with equivalent SKIBA 2 tauW' values to assess the difference in recovery rates for this population. Plotting modified tauW' values against DCP showed the adjusted relationship between work rate and recovery rate. RESULTS: Comparing modified tauW' values against the SKIBA 2 tauW' values showed a negative bias of 112 (46) s (mean +/- 95% confidence limits), suggesting that athletes recovered W' faster than predicted by SKIBA 2 (P = .0001). The modified tauW'-DCP relationship was best described by a power function: tauW' = 2287.2 x DCP(-0.688) (R(2) = .433). CONCLUSIONS: The current SKIBA 2 model is not appropriate for use in elite cyclists, as it underpredicts the recovery rate of W'. The modified tauW' equation presented will require validation but appears more appropriate for high-performance athletes. Individual tauW' relationships may be necessary to maximize the model's validity.