Salviaflaside

Effects of UV-B Radiation on the Content of Bioactive Components and the Antioxidant Activity of Prunella vulgaris L. Spica during Development.[Pubmed:29695057]

Molecules. 2018 Apr 24;23(5). pii: molecules23050989.

The effects of UV-B radiation on the content of bioactive components and the antioxidant activity of Prunella vulgaris L. spica during development were studied. The experimental design involved two levels of UV-B radiation intensity (0 and 120 muW cm(-2) nm(-1)). The results showed that the contents of total flavonoids, rosmarinic acid, caffeic acid and hyperoside, as well as the antioxidant capacities (DPPH() and ABTS*+ scavenging activities), in the spicas significantly decreased during spica development. The content of Salviaflaside in the spicas significantly increased during development. The highest contents of total flavonoids, rosmarinic acid, and caffeic acid and the highest antioxidant activities were found in spicas in the full-flowering stage, while the highest content of hyperoside was found in spicas in the bud stage. In addition, the highest content of Salviaflaside was found in spicas in the mature-fruiting stage. UV-B radiation significantly promoted the synthesis of secondary metabolites, increased the contents of the main bioactive components in the three developmental stages of isolated dried spicas, and significantly increased the DPPH() and ABTS*+ scavenging activities of P. vulgaris spicas in the mature-fruiting stage. Moreover, the total flavonoids content was positively correlated with the DPPH() and ABTS*+ scavenging activities, and the correlation with the DPPH() scavenging activity was very strong. This result shows that the highest contents of the main bioactive components in the spicas were not all found in the same developmental stages of P. vulgaris. Our research revealed that the best stage for harvesting P. vulgaris spica was between the bud stage and the full-flowering stage since harvesting at this point provides a higher content of bioactive components and a higher antioxidant capacity, which is relevant for medicinal applications.

A sensitive LC-MS/MS-based bioanalytical method for quantification of salviaflaside and rosmarinic acid in rat plasma and its application in a pharmacokinetic study.[Pubmed:29655233]

Biomed Chromatogr. 2018 Aug;32(8):e4259.

A selective and sensitive liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method was developed for the simultaneous determination of Salviaflaside and rosmarinic acid in rat plasma. Sample preparation was carried out through liquid-liquid extraction with ethyl acetate using curculigoside as internal standard (IS). The analytes were determined by selected reaction monitoring operated in the positive ESI mode. Chromatographic separation was performed on an Agilent Eclipse Plus C18 column (100 x 4.6 mm, 1.8 mum) with a mobile phase consisting of methanol-water-formic acid (50:50:0.1, v/v/v) at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. The run time was 1.9 min per sample and the injection volume was 5 muL. The method had an LLOQ of 1.6 ng/mL for Salviaflaside and 0.94 ng/mL for rosmarinic acid in plasma. The linear calibration curves were fitted over the range of 1.6-320 ng/mL for Salviaflaside and 0.94-188 ng/mL for rosmarinic acid in plasma with correlation coefficients (r(2) ) >0.99. Intra- and inter-day precisions (relative standard deviation) were < 13.5%, and accuracies (relative error) were between -8.6% and 14.5% for all quality control samples. The method was validated and applied to the pharmacokinetics of Salviaflaside and rosmarinic acid in plasma after oral administration of Prunella vulgaris extract to rats.

[Exploration on feasibility of introducing bioassay method into quality evaluation of Chinese herbal medicines by studying on the correlation between antioxidant activity of Prunella vulgaris and its total phenolic acids content for example].[Pubmed:28905603]

Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2016 Jul;41(14):2660-2668.

This paper aims to investigate the correlation between the antioxidant activity of Prunella vulgaris and its total phenolic acids content by measuring the antioxidant activity of different sources and different organs of P. vulgaris and the total contents of protocatechuic acid, protocatechuic aldehyde, caffeic acid, Salviaflaside and rosmarinic acid in these samples. Using the 50% methanol extract of P. vulgaris samples as the research object, DPPH method and HPLC method were used respectively to determine the antioxidant activities and the total contents of the above-mentioned five analytes in P. vulgaris samples. 0.5 mL of 50% methanol extract of P. vulgaris reacts with 0.1 mmol*L(-)(1) DPPH ethanol solution for 60 min, then the absorbance of the reaction solution was measured at 517 nm, scavenging rate and IC(5)(0) values were calculated by the absorbance and the sample concentration for evaluating the antioxidant activity. HPLC analysis was made on a C(1)(8) Epic column, with acetonitrile-0.1% formic acid aqueous solution as mobile phase (gradient elution), and the detection wavelength was set at 280 nm. The correlation between the antioxidant capacity of different habitats and different organs of P. vulgaris and the total contents of five kinds of phenolic acids was analyzed by partial least squares method. The reaction dose-response range of 50% methanol extract of P. vulgaris with 0.1 mmol*L(-)(1) DPPH ethanol solution was 0.300-1.65 g*L(-)(1). When the quantities of potocatechuic acid, protocatechuic aldehyde, caffeic acid, Salviaflaside and rosmarinic acid were respectively in 0.007 84-0.980, 0.011 5-1.44, 0.008 64-1.08, 0.080 0-1.00 and 0.079 8-0.998 mug range, their quantities were in good linear relationship with the corresponding peak areas. The average recovery of 5 components were 97.76%, 96.88%, 100.3%, 102.1%, 104.5%, with RSD of 1.8%, 1.6%, 1.7%, 1.6% and 1.7%, respectively. In a certain range of crude drug quantity, the antioxidant activity of each organ of P. vulgaris and total phenolic acids content inside has a good linear correlation. Therefore, in certain quality range of crude drug, DPPH bioassay combined with HPLC content determination can be used for the quality control of P. vulgaris, as is a new method for the quality control of P. vulgaris.

Comparative study of seventeen Salvia plants: aldose reductase inhibitory activity of water and MeOH extracts and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis of water extracts.[Pubmed:9549892]

Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo). 1998 Mar;46(3):500-4.

The dry root and rhizome of Salvia miltiorhiza (Lamiaceae) are used as a crude drug Danshen, while those of S. deserta (Xinjiang-Danshen) are mixed in Danshen at Xinjiang province when the former is in short supply. The water and MeOH extracts of S. deserta showed strong aldose reductase (AR) inhibitory activity, and their active constituents were determined to be polar compounds different from "tanshinones" of S. miltiorhiza, i.e., lithospermic acid B (1), salvianolic acid K (2), Salviaflaside (3), and rosmarinic acid (4) (IC50, 2.63-3.91 microM). We also examined the AR inhibitory activity of water and MeOH extracts of seventeen Salvia plants, including ten species of Danshen resources (S. bowleyana, S. deserta, S. miltiorhiza, S. miltiorhiza var. miltiorhiza f. alba, S. paramiltiorhiza, S. paramiltiorhiza f. purpureo-rubra, S. przewalskii, S. przewalskii var. mandarinorum, S. sinica f. purpurea, S. trijuga), and their water extracts were also analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The results indicated that there were four types with regard to the AR inhibitory activity and three types with regard to the amount of 1. Ten species used as Danshen resources showed good correlation between the AR inhibitory activity and the morphological classification. However, the intensities of their AR inhibitory activity varied, and they contained 1 in varying amounts. These facts suggested that the ten species were not the same, and thus their use as a Danshen resource should be based on their activity and/or active constituents.

[Analysis of different dosage forms of Xiasangju granules on fingerprints and models using high performance liquid chromatography].[Pubmed:28868856]

Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2016 Feb;41(3):416-420.

To establish the fingerprints of Xiasangju granules (with sugar and non-sugar forms) by HPLC, and provide reference for their identification and effective quality control. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was used to collect the fingerprints of 20 batches of non-sugar Xiasangju granules and 34 batches of sugar type Xiasangju granules. Their main different components were classified and screened by mode identification methods (principal component analysis, PCA, and orthogonal partial least squares discriminate analysis, OPLS-DA). The principal components were identified by comparing with reference standards. The fingerprints of Xiasangju granules (sugar type and non-sugar type) were established. PCA could not fully classify the two types of granules, while OPLS-DA could obviously classify these two different types of Xiasangju granules. Six components showed greatest difference between two types of granules, including Salviaflaside, luteoloside and linarin. The developed mode identification method is helpful to control the overall quality of Xiasangju granules, and it provides an effective approach to quality evaluation.