Secnidazole

Secnidazole

Enantioselective HPLC determination and pharmacokinetic study of secnidazole enantiomers in rats.[Pubmed:25049211]

J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2014 Aug 15;965:224-30.

Secnidazole is a long-lasting nitroimidazole antimicrobial agent that is used as racemic mixture in clinical settings. We developed and validated an enantioselective high-performance liquid chromatography method to determine Secnidazole enantiomers in rat plasma. Secnidazole enantiomers and S-(-)-ornidazole (internal standard) were extracted from 50 muL of rat plasma using diethyl ether-dichloromethane (3:2, v/v). Baseline resolution (Rs=2.45) was achieved within 7.0 min on a Chiral-AGP column (150 mm x 4.0mm, 5 mum) at 20 degrees C. The mobile phase consisted of 10mM ammonium acetate-methanol (96:4, v/v) and was delivered at a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min with ultraviolet detection at 318 nm. The method was linear over the concentration range 0.500-100 mug/mL for both enantiomers. The lower limit of quantification was 0.500 mug/mL for both enantiomers. The relative standard deviation values for intra- and inter-day precision were 0.8-8.6 and 1.8-8.2% for S-(+)-Secnidazole and R-(-)-Secnidazole, respectively. The relative error values of accuracy ranged from -7.8 to 1.1% for S-(+)-Secnidazole and from -7.3 to -0.1% for R-(-)-Secnidazole. The method was successfully used to determine the pharmacokinetic properties of Secnidazole enantiomers in rats after administration of the racemate and individual enantiomers. The pharmacokinetic results indicate that the disposition of Secnidazole enantiomers is not stereoselective and chiral inversion and enantiomer-enantiomer interaction do not occur in rats.

Lack of a Pharmacokinetic Interaction Between SYM-1219 Granules Containing 2 Grams of Secnidazole and a Combined Oral Contraceptive in a Phase 1, Randomized, Open-Label Study in Healthy Female Volunteers.[Pubmed:27744624]

Adv Ther. 2017 Jan;33(12):2229-2241.

INTRODUCTION: Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a serious infection that is the most common vaginal infection in women of childbearing potential. SYM-1219 is a novel, granule formulation containing 2 g of Secnidazole that is being developed as a single, oral dose to treat women with BV. Because many of the women diagnosed with BV use hormonal contraception, the effect of SYM-1219 on the pharmacokinetics (PK) of commonly prescribed oral contraceptive drugs, ethinyl estradiol (EE2), and norethindrone (NET) was evaluated. METHODS: This two-period, randomized, open-label study examined effects in 54 healthy female subjects. During the first period of the study, each subject received EE2 0.035-mg/NET 1-mg tablets. During the second period of the study, subjects were randomized to receive either EE2 0.035-mg/NET 1-mg tablets with concomitant 2-g SYM-1219 or 2-g SYM-1219 followed by EE2 0.035-mg/NET 1-mg tablets 1 day later. The PK of EE2 and NET were analyzed for 24 h following administration. RESULTS: Coadministration of SYM-1219 and EE2/NET, either on the same day or 1 day apart, had no clinically relevant effects on the bioavailability of EE2 or NET. The combined use of SYM-1219 with EE2/NET was well tolerated. Taken together, these results indicate that contraceptive efficacy should be maintained during coadministration of SYM-1219 and EE2/NET. CONCLUSION: SYM-1219 is a valuable single-dose treatment option for women with BV that will not interfere with combined oral contraceptive methods. FUNDING: Symbiomix Therapeutics.

The efficacy of proanthocyanidins and secnidazole in the treatment of chronic periodontitis after scaling and root planing therapy.[Pubmed:28337876]

J Biol Regul Homeost Agents. 2017 Jan-Mar;31(1):93-97.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical and microbiological effect of the systemic antibiotic therapy of proanthocyanidins and Secnidazole on periodontitis. Seventy-five subjects with chronic periodontitis were randomly divided into two treatment groups (Secnidazole or proanthocyanidins) and one placebo control group (25 cases each). Plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), gingival bleeding index (BI), probing pocket depth (PPD), and clinical attachment level (CAL) were carried out at baseline, post-treatment and 3 months after treatment. Microbial analysis was performed at baseline and post-treatment. The results show that the two treatment groups had greater mean reduction in BI, GI, and PPD evaluated at both post-treatment and 3 months after treatment compared to the control group (p less than 0.05), but there were no significant differences in those of PI and CAL (except CAL evaluated at post-treatment, p 0.05). After treatment, culturable bacteria counts significantly decreased. In conclusion, the adjunctive use of proanthocyanidins or Secnidazole in combination with scaling and root planing in adults with periodontitis is effective in reducing the pathogenic flora and achieves significantly better clinical results to a certain degree.

Improved efficiency and stability of secnidazole - An ideal delivery system.[Pubmed:25561882]

Saudi J Biol Sci. 2015 Jan;22(1):42-9.

Secnidazole (alpha,2-Dimethyl-5-nitro-1H-imidazole-1-ethanol) is a highly effective drug against a variety of G(+)/G(-) bacteria but with significant side effects because it is being used in very high concentration. In this study, gold nanoparticles (GNPS) were selected as a vehicle to deliver Secnidazole drug at the specific site with more accuracy which made the drug highly effective at substantially low concentrations. The as-synthesized GNPs were capped with Human Serum Albumin (HSA) and subsequently bioconjugated with Secnidazole because HSA provides the stability and improves the solubility of the bioconjugated drug, Secnidazole. The quantification of covalently bioconjugated Secnidazole with HSA encapsulated on enzymatically synthesized GNPs was done with RP-HPLC having SPD-20 A UV/VIS detector by using the C-18 column. The bioconjugation of GNPs with Secnidazole was confirmed by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS). The bioconjugated GNPs were characterized by UV-VIS spectroscopy, TEM, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and DLS. Zeta potential confirmed the stability and uniform distribution of particles in the emulsion of GNPs. The separation of bioconjugated GNPs, unused GNPs and unused drug was done by gel filtration chromatography. The minimal inhibitory concentration of Secnidazole-conjugated gold nanoparticles (Au-HSA-Snd) against Klebsiella pneumonia (NCIM No. 2957) and Bacillus cereus (NCIM No. 2156) got improved by 12.2 times and 14.11 times, respectively, in comparison to pure Secnidazole. Precisely, the MIC of Au-HSA-Snd against K. pneumonia (NCIM No. 2957) and B. cereus (NCIM No. 2156) were found to be 0.35 and 0.43 mug/ml, respectively whereas MIC of the pure Secnidazole drug against the same bacteria were found to be 4.3 and 6.07 mug/ml, respectively.