Fluvoxamine

Fluvoxamine is an antidepressant which functions pharmacologically as a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor.

Evaluation of the Potential Pharmacokinetic Interaction between Atomoxetine and Fluvoxamine in Healthy Volunteers.[Pubmed:27816979]

Pharmacology. 2017;99(1-2):84-88.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is frequently associated with other psychiatric pathologies. Therefore, the present study investigated a possible pharmacokinetic interaction between atomoxetine (ATX), a treatment option for ADHD, and an antidepressant, namely, Fluvoxamine (FVX). METHODS: Designed as an open-label, non-randomized clinical trial, the study included 2 periods. In period 1 (reference), each subject received ATX 25 mg (single-dose), whereas in period 2 (test), all subjects were given a combination of ATX 25 mg + FVX 100 mg, following a 6-day pretreatment regimen with the enzymatic inhibitor. Non-compartmental methods were employed to determine the pharmacokinetic parameters of ATX and its main active metabolite (glucuronidated form), 4-hydroxyatomoxetine-O-glucuronide. RESULTS: The results revealed significant differences between the study periods for Cmax, AUC0-t and AUC0-infinity values corresponding to ATX and its metabolite. Small, but statistically significant increases in AUC values were reported for both parent drug (1,583.05 +/- 1,040.29 vs. 2,111.55 +/- 1,411.59 ng*h/ml) and 4-hydroxyatomoxetine-O-glucuronide (5,754.71 +/- 1,235.5 vs. 6,293.17 +/- 1,219.34 ng*h/ml) after combined treatment of ATX and the enzymatic inhibitor. CONCLUSION: FVX had a modest effect on the pharmacokinetics of ATX and 4-hydroxyatomoxetine-O-glucuronide. The presence or absence of any clinical consequences associated with this pharmacokinetic drug-drug interaction needs to be established in future studies.

Application of tandem dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for the determination of doxepin, citalopram, and fluvoxamine in complicated samples.[Pubmed:27804252]

J Sep Sci. 2016 Dec;39(24):4828-4834.

A new type of dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction is used for the determination of doxepin, citalopram, and Fluvoxamine in aqueous matrices. This method is based upon the tandem utilization of dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction, and by providing a high sample clean-up, it efficiently improves the applicability of the method in complicated matrices. For this purpose, in the first step, the analytes contained in an aqueous sample solution (8.0 mL) were extracted into an organic solvent, and then these analytes were simply back-extracted into an aqueous acceptor phase (50 muL). The overall extraction time was 7 min, and very simple tools were required for this aim. Optimization of the variables affecting the method such as the type and volume of the organic solvent used and effect of ionic strength was carried out to achieve the best extraction efficiency. Under the optimized experimental conditions, tandem dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction with high-performance liquid chromatography and UV detection showed a good linearity in the range of 10-5000 ng/mL. The limits of detection were in the range of 3-10 ng/mL. The Intra-day precisions (relative standard deviation) were 9.2, 4.5, and 4.8, and the recoveries were 58.5, 52.9, and 39.3% for citalopram, doxepin, and Fluvoxamine, respectively.

Determination of fluvoxamine maleate in human urine and human serum using alkaline KMnO4 -rhodamine B chemiluminescence.[Pubmed:28371383]

Luminescence. 2017 Sep;32(6):1077-1083.

The flow-injection chemiluminescence (FI-CL) behavior of a gold nanocluster (Au NC)-enhanced rhodamine B-KMnO4 system was studied under alkaline conditions for the first time. In the present study, the as-prepared bovine serum albumin-stabilized Au NCs showed excellent stability and reproducibility. The addition of trace levels of Fluvoxamine maleate (Flu) led to an obvious decline in CL intensity in the rhodamine B-KMnO4 -Au NCs system, which could be used for quantitative detection of Flu. Under optimized conditions, the proposed CL system exhibited a favorable analytical performance for Flu determination in the range 2 to 100 mug ml(-1) . The detection limit for Flu measurement was 0.021 mug ml(-1) . Moreover, this newly developed system revealed outstanding selectivity for Flu detection when compared with a multitude of other species, such as the usual ions, uric acid and a section of hydroxy compounds. Additionally, CL spectra, UV-visible spectroscopes and fluorescence spectra were measured in order to determine the possible reaction mechanism. This approach could be used to detect Flu in human urine and human serum samples with the desired recoveries and could have promising application under physiological conditions.

Influence of fluvoxamine on plasma interleukin-6 or clinical improvement in patients with major depressive disorder.[Pubmed:28243095]

Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2017 Feb 14;13:437-441.

OBJECTIVES: The etiology of depression remains unknown. There is, however, a growing body of evidence that cytokines are involved in the pathophysiology of depression. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of Fluvoxamine on plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels and on clinical improvement of the depressive state. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Thirty patients who met the DSM-IV criteria for major depressive disorder (MDD) were enrolled in the study. Thirteen were male and 17 were female, and their ages ranged from 26 to 70 years (mean +/- standard deviation 45.0+/-14.2). The patients were treated with Fluvoxamine for 8 weeks. The dosages of Fluvoxamine varied among the patients and, based on ethical considerations, were not fixed. RESULTS: The Fluvoxamine doses were positively related to plasma Fluvoxamine levels (r =0.8798, P<0.001). A significant correlation was observed between the patients' plasma IL-6 levels and their 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD17) scores (r =0.4555, P=0.0010). A positive correlation was found between the delta plasma IL-6 (week 0-week 8) and the delta HAMD17 (week 0-week 8) (r =0.5226, P=0.002). CONCLUSION: Effect of Fluvoxamine on IL-6 is partially associated with its clinical efficacy for MDD.