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Isosorbide

CAS# 652-67-5

Isosorbide

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Quality Control of Isosorbide

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Chemical structure

Isosorbide

3D structure

Chemical Properties of Isosorbide

Cas No. 652-67-5 SDF Download SDF
PubChem ID 12597 Appearance Powder
Formula C6H10O4 M.Wt 146.14
Type of Compound N/A Storage Desiccate at -20°C
Synonyms D-Isosorbide; Dianhydro-D-glucitol
Solubility H2O : ≥ 100 mg/mL (684.28 mM)
DMSO : ≥ 100 mg/mL (684.28 mM)
*"≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.
Chemical Name (3S,3aR,6R,6aR)-2,3,3a,5,6,6a-hexahydrofuro[3,2-b]furan-3,6-diol
SMILES C1C(C2C(O1)C(CO2)O)O
Standard InChIKey KLDXJTOLSGUMSJ-JGWLITMVSA-N
Standard InChI InChI=1S/C6H10O4/c7-3-1-9-6-4(8)2-10-5(3)6/h3-8H,1-2H2/t3-,4+,5-,6-/m1/s1
General tips For obtaining a higher solubility , please warm the tube at 37 ℃ and shake it in the ultrasonic bath for a while.Stock solution can be stored below -20℃ for several months.
We recommend that you prepare and use the solution on the same day. However, if the test schedule requires, the stock solutions can be prepared in advance, and the stock solution must be sealed and stored below -20℃. In general, the stock solution can be kept for several months.
Before use, we recommend that you leave the vial at room temperature for at least an hour before opening it.
About Packaging 1. The packaging of the product may be reversed during transportation, cause the high purity compounds to adhere to the neck or cap of the vial.Take the vail out of its packaging and shake gently until the compounds fall to the bottom of the vial.
2. For liquid products, please centrifuge at 500xg to gather the liquid to the bottom of the vial.
3. Try to avoid loss or contamination during the experiment.
Shipping Condition Packaging according to customer requirements(5mg, 10mg, 20mg and more). Ship via FedEx, DHL, UPS, EMS or other couriers with RT, or blue ice upon request.

Biological Activity of Isosorbide

DescriptionIsosorbide is used as a diuretic used mainly to treat hydrocephalus and is also used to treat glaucoma.

Isosorbide Dilution Calculator

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Isosorbide Molarity Calculator

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Preparing Stock Solutions of Isosorbide

1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 20 mg 25 mg
1 mM 6.8428 mL 34.2138 mL 68.4275 mL 136.8551 mL 171.0688 mL
5 mM 1.3686 mL 6.8428 mL 13.6855 mL 27.371 mL 34.2138 mL
10 mM 0.6843 mL 3.4214 mL 6.8428 mL 13.6855 mL 17.1069 mL
50 mM 0.1369 mL 0.6843 mL 1.3686 mL 2.7371 mL 3.4214 mL
100 mM 0.0684 mL 0.3421 mL 0.6843 mL 1.3686 mL 1.7107 mL
* Note: If you are in the process of experiment, it's necessary to make the dilution ratios of the samples. The dilution data above is only for reference. Normally, it's can get a better solubility within lower of Concentrations.

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Background on Isosorbide

Isosorbide is a heterocyclic compound that is derived from glucose, used as a diuretic.

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References on Isosorbide

Isosorbide and dimethyl carbonate: a green match.[Pubmed:28144292]

Beilstein J Org Chem. 2016 Oct 26;12:2256-2266.

In this review the reactivity of the bio-based platform compounds D-sorbitol and Isosorbide with green reagents and solvent dimethyl carbonate (DMC) is reported. Dehydration of D-sorbitol via DMC in the presence of catalytic amounts of base is an efficient and viable process for the preparation of the industrially relevant anhydro sugar Isosorbide. This procedure is "chlorine-free", one-pot, environmental friendly and high yielding. The reactivity of Isosorbide with DMC is equally interesting as it can lead to the formation of dicarboxymethyl Isosorbide, a potential monomer for Isosorbide-based polycarbonate, and dimethyl Isosorbide, a high boiling green solvent. The peculiar reactivity of Isosorbide and the non-toxic properties of DMC represent indeed a green match leading to several industrial appealing potential applications.

Effectiveness of isosorbide dinitrate in cyanide poisoning as a function of the administration timing.[Pubmed:28288687]

BMC Pharmacol Toxicol. 2017 Mar 14;18(1):13.

BACKGROUND: Better and safer antidotes against cyanide poisoning are needed. Prior study has shown a favorable effect of Isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN) on the survival of cyanide-poisoned rabbits when administered as early as 1 min after poisoning. The aim of the current study was to further evaluate the efficacy of intravenous ISDN administered in clinically relevant timing for first responders. METHODS: A comparative animal study using 24 rabbits in 4 randomized study groups was performed. Animals were poisoned with intravenous potassium cyanide (1 mg/kg). Animals in Group 1 served as controls and received no treatment. Groups 2-4 animals were treated intravenously with ISDN (50 mug/kg) after poisoning; one group after 3 min, another group after 5 min and the last after 7 min. Animals were observed for 30 min after poisoning. The study endpoints included survival rate, clinical status, blood pressure, pulse per minute, blood lactate and pH. RESULTS: Five of 6 animals (83.3%) from every treatment group survived the whole observation period while all control untreated animals died. All the rabbits collapsed immediately after exposure, showing rapidly deteriorated vital signs with lactic metabolic acidosis (peak blood lactate levels of 18.1 to 19.0 mmol/L on average at 10 min post exposure). Vital signs, clinical scores, and blood gases of treated rabbits gradually improved. CONCLUSION: Poisoned rabbits showed improved short-term survival following the administration of ISDN up to 7 min after lethal cyanide poisoning of. We see a potential for ISDN as an antidote against cyanide poisoning.

The effect of intravenous isosorbide dinitrate in acute decompensated heart failure in hospital.[Pubmed:28374342]

Int J Clin Pharm. 2017 Jun;39(3):536-541.

Background According to new recommendations for the management of acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) in 2015, intravenous vasodilator therapy might be given as an early therapy when systolic blood pressure is normal to high (>/=110 mmHg). Only 29% of patients with ADHF are treated with vasodilators without medical contraindication. Objective To evaluate the effect of the systematic use of ISDN on ADHF without contraindication especially on rehospitalization rate. Settings The 600-bed hospital (Centre Hospitalier de l'Ouest Vosgien, Neufchateau, France). Methods This is a retrospective study with data analysed from medical records. Patients with ADHF episodes and hospitalization in the cardiology department or intensive care unit (ICU) between November 2013 and December 2015 were included resulting in 199 hospitalizations in the analysis (37 were treated by ISDN, and 162 were not). Main outcome measure Effects of ISDN on 180-day hospital readmission for ADHF or acute myocardial infarction (AMI), in-hospital mortality, length of stay, number of ICU admissions, and ICU length of stay. Results Patients who received ISDN required more ICU admissions than the other patients (54.1 vs 33.3%, p = 0.02). Nevertheless 180-day hospital readmission was lower for patients who were receiving ISDN (8.1 vs 22.8%, p = 0.04). ISDN did not influence other clinical outcomes tested. Conclusion ISDN may minimize or prevent the consequences of altered haemodynamics. Lower rehospitalization rate with ISDN was seen in this study.

Isosorbide Dinitrate, With or Without Hydralazine, Does Not Reduce Wave Reflections, Left Ventricular Hypertrophy, or Myocardial Fibrosis in Patients With Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction.[Pubmed:28219917]

J Am Heart Assoc. 2017 Feb 20;6(2). pii: JAHA.116.004262.

BACKGROUND: Wave reflections, which are increased in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, impair diastolic function and promote pathologic myocardial remodeling. Organic nitrates reduce wave reflections acutely, but whether this is sustained chronically or affected by hydralazine coadministration is unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS: We randomized 44 patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in a double-blinded fashion to Isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN; n=13), ISDN+hydralazine (ISDN+hydral; n=15), or placebo (n=16) for 6 months. The primary end point was the change in reflection magnitude (RM; assessed with arterial tonometry and Doppler echocardiography). Secondary end points included change in left ventricular mass and fibrosis, measured with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, and the 6-minute walk distance. ISDN reduced aortic characteristic impedance (mean baseline=0.15 [95% CI, 0.14-0.17], 3 months=0.11 [95% CI, 0.10-0.13], 6 months=0.10 [95% CI, 0.08-0.12] mm Hg/mL per second; P=0.003) and forward wave amplitude (Pf, mean baseline=54.8 [95% CI, 47.6-62.0], 3 months=42.2 [95% CI, 33.2-51.3]; 6 months=37.0 [95% CI, 27.2-46.8] mm Hg, P=0.04), but had no effect on RM (P=0.64), left ventricular mass (P=0.33), or fibrosis (P=0.63). ISDN+hydral increased RM (mean baseline=0.39 [95% CI, 0.35-0.43]; 3 months=0.31 [95% CI, 0.25-0.36]; 6 months=0.44 [95% CI, 0.37-0.51], P=0.03), reduced 6-minute walk distance (mean baseline=343.3 [95% CI, 319.2-367.4]; 6 months=277.0 [95% CI, 242.7-311.4] meters, P=0.022), and increased native myocardial T1 (mean baseline=1016.2 [95% CI, 1002.7-1029.7]; 6 months=1054.5 [95% CI, 1036.5-1072.3], P=0.021). A high proportion of patients experienced adverse events with active therapy (ISDN=61.5%, ISDN+hydral=60.0%; placebo=12.5%; P=0.007). CONCLUSIONS: ISDN, with or without hydralazine, does not exert beneficial effects on RM, left ventricular remodeling, or submaximal exercise and is poorly tolerated. ISDN+hydral appears to have deleterious effects on RM, myocardial remodeling, and submaximal exercise. Our findings do not support the routine use of these vasodilators in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: URL: www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01516346.

Description

Isosorbide is used as a diuretic used mainly to treat hydrocephalus and is also used to treat glaucoma.

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