Maropitant

NK1 receptor antagonist CAS# 147116-67-4

Maropitant

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Chemical structure

Maropitant

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Chemical Properties of Maropitant

Cas No. 147116-67-4 SDF Download SDF
PubChem ID 204108 Appearance Powder
Formula C32H40N2O M.Wt 468.67
Type of Compound N/A Storage Desiccate at -20°C
Solubility DMSO : 33.33 mg/mL (71.12 mM; Need ultrasonic)
H2O : < 0.1 mg/mL (insoluble)
Chemical Name (2S,3S)-2-benzhydryl-N-[(5-tert-butyl-2-methoxyphenyl)methyl]-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-3-amine
SMILES CC(C)(C)C1=CC(=C(C=C1)OC)CNC2C3CCN(C2C(C4=CC=CC=C4)C5=CC=CC=C5)CC3
Standard InChIKey OMPCVMLFFSQFIX-CONSDPRKSA-N
Standard InChI InChI=1S/C32H40N2O/c1-32(2,3)27-15-16-28(35-4)26(21-27)22-33-30-25-17-19-34(20-18-25)31(30)29(23-11-7-5-8-12-23)24-13-9-6-10-14-24/h5-16,21,25,29-31,33H,17-20,22H2,1-4H3/t30-,31-/m0/s1
General tips For obtaining a higher solubility , please warm the tube at 37 ℃ and shake it in the ultrasonic bath for a while.Stock solution can be stored below -20℃ for several months.
We recommend that you prepare and use the solution on the same day. However, if the test schedule requires, the stock solutions can be prepared in advance, and the stock solution must be sealed and stored below -20℃. In general, the stock solution can be kept for several months.
Before use, we recommend that you leave the vial at room temperature for at least an hour before opening it.
About Packaging 1. The packaging of the product may be reversed during transportation, cause the high purity compounds to adhere to the neck or cap of the vial.Take the vail out of its packaging and shake gently until the compounds fall to the bottom of the vial.
2. For liquid products, please centrifuge at 500xg to gather the liquid to the bottom of the vial.
3. Try to avoid loss or contamination during the experiment.
Shipping Condition Packaging according to customer requirements(5mg, 10mg, 20mg and more). Ship via FedEx, DHL, UPS, EMS or other couriers with RT, or blue ice upon request.

Biological Activity of Maropitant

DescriptionMaropitant is a neurokinin (NK1) receptor antagonist. IC50 value: Target: NK1 receptor Maropitant is the first NK1 receptor antagonist developed to treat and prevent emesis in dogs. Treatment with 1 mg/kg Maropitant citrate, significantly reduced the size of ulcerative dermatitis (UD) lesions in mice. Intravenous Maropitant decreased (p < 0.05) MAC by 16% (1.74 ± 0.17%). In contrast, epidural administration of either saline or Maropitant did not change (p > 0.05) the MAC (2.17 ± 0.34% and 1.92 ± 0.12%, respectively).

References:
[1]. Hay Kraus BL. Efficacy of maropitant in preventing vomiting in dogs premedicated with hydromorphone. Vet Anaesth Analg. 2013 Jan;40(1):28-34. [2]. Lesman SP, Boucher JF, Grover GS, et al. The pharmacokinetics of maropitant citrate dosed orally to dogs at 2 mg/kg and 8 mg/kg once daily for 14 days consecutive days. J Vet Pharmacol Ther. 2012 Nov 20. [3]. Alvillar BM, Boscan P, Mama KR, et al. Effect of epidural and intravenous use of the neurokinin-1 (NK-1) receptor antagonist maropitant on the sevoflurane minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) in dogs. Vet Anaesth Analg. 2012 Mar;39(2):201-5. [4]. Ramsey DS, Kincaid K, Watkins JA et al. Safety and efficacy of injectable and oral maropitant, a selective neurokinin 1 receptor antagonist, in a randomized clinical trial for treatment of vomiting in dogs. J Vet Pharmacol Ther. 2008 Dec;31(6):538-43. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2885.2008.00992.x. [5]. Benchaoui HA, Cox SR, Schneider RP et al. The pharmacokinetics of maropitant, a novel neurokinin type-1 receptor antagonist, in dogs. J Vet Pharmacol Ther. 2007 Aug;30(4):336-44. [6]. Maropitant

Maropitant Dilution Calculator

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Maropitant Molarity Calculator

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Preparing Stock Solutions of Maropitant

1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 20 mg 25 mg
1 mM 2.1337 mL 10.6685 mL 21.337 mL 42.6739 mL 53.3424 mL
5 mM 0.4267 mL 2.1337 mL 4.2674 mL 8.5348 mL 10.6685 mL
10 mM 0.2134 mL 1.0668 mL 2.1337 mL 4.2674 mL 5.3342 mL
50 mM 0.0427 mL 0.2134 mL 0.4267 mL 0.8535 mL 1.0668 mL
100 mM 0.0213 mL 0.1067 mL 0.2134 mL 0.4267 mL 0.5334 mL
* Note: If you are in the process of experiment, it's necessary to make the dilution ratios of the samples. The dilution data above is only for reference. Normally, it's can get a better solubility within lower of Concentrations.

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Background on Maropitant

Maropitant is a neurokinin (NK1) receptor antagonist. Maropitant is the first NK1 receptor antagonist developed to treat and prevent emesis in dogs. Treatment with 1 mg/kg Maropitant citrate, significantly reduced the size of ulcerative dermatitis (UD) lesions in mice. Intravenous Maropitant decreased (p < 0.05) MAC by 16% (1.74 ± 0.17%). In contrast, epidural administration of either saline or Maropitant did not change (p > 0.05) the MAC (2.17 ± 0.34% and 1.92 ± 0.12%, respectively).

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References on Maropitant

Interaction between maropitant and carprofen on sparing of the minimum alveolar concentration for blunting adrenergic response (MAC-BAR) of sevoflurane in dogs.[Pubmed:28111373]

J Vet Med Sci. 2017 Mar 18;79(3):502-508.

Maropitant, a neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist, may provide analgesic effects by blocking pharmacological action of substance P. Carprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used for pain control in dogs. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a combination of Maropitant and carprofen on the minimum alveolar concentration for blunting adrenergic response (MAC-BAR) of sevoflurane in dogs. Six healthy adult beagle dogs were anesthetized with sevoflurane four times with a minimum of 7-day washout period. On each occasion, Maropitant (1 mg/kg) alone, carprofen (4 mg/kg) alone, a combination of Maropitant (1 mg/kg) and carprofen (4 mg/kg), or saline (0.1 ml/kg) was subcutaneously administered at 1 hr prior to the first electrical stimulation for the sevoflurane MAC-BAR determination. The sevoflurane MAC-BAR was significantly reduced by Maropitant alone (2.88 +/- 0.73%, P=0.010), carprofen alone (2.96 +/- 0.38%, P=0.016) and the combination (2.81 +/- 0.51%, P=0.0003), compared with saline (3.37 +/- 0.56%). There was no significant difference in the percentage of MAC-BAR reductions between Maropitant alone, carprofen alone and the combination. The administration of Maropitant alone and carprofen alone produced clinically significant sparing effects on the sevoflurane MAC-BAR in dogs. However, the combination of Maropitant and carprofen did not produce any additive effect on the sevoflurane MAC-BAR reduction. Anesthetic premedication with a combination of Maropitant and carprofen may not provide any further sparing effect on anesthetic requirement in dogs.

Comparative efficacy of metoclopramide, ondansetron and maropitant in preventing parvoviral enteritis-induced emesis in dogs.[Pubmed:28198032]

J Vet Pharmacol Ther. 2017 Dec;40(6):599-603.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficiencies of selected anti-emetic drugs (metoclopramide, ondansetron and Maropitant) in preventing vomiting in the treatment of canine parvoviral enteritis. We designed a randomized, prospective clinical study. PVE quick ELISA test-positive dogs between 4 and 12 months of age were included in the study. Each of metoclopramide, ondansetron, Maropitant and control group had 8 dogs. Metoclopramide and ondansetron were administered as 0.5 mg/kg doses three times a day via intravenous route, and Maropitant was administered as 1 mg/kg doses once a day subcutaneously. The number and severity of daily vomitings were recorded. All dogs were treated and monitored for five days; treatments were continued until all animals healed. Metoclopramide, ondansetron and Maropitant decreased the severity of vomiting from the first day and the vomiting numbers from the third day in PVE treatment. Obtained results showed that Maropitant can be used successfully such as metoclopramide and ondansetron, which are frequently used for PVE treatment. At the same time, it was discovered that metoclopramide, ondansetron and Maropitant were equally effective in reducing the frequency and severity of vomiting.

Maropitant administered orally 2-2.5 h prior to morphine and dexmedetomidine reduces the incidence of emesis in cats.[Pubmed:27538868]

J Feline Med Surg. 2017 Aug;19(8):876-879.

Objectives The main goal of this study was to test the antiemetic effects of Maropitant administered orally 2-2.5 h prior to morphine and dexmedetomidine in cats. Methods Eighty-three healthy female cats were randomized to receive Maropitant (8 mg orally; n = 39) or no treatment (control; n = 44), 2-2.5 h prior to morphine 0.1 mg/kg and dexmedetomidine 20 microg/kg intramuscularly. The incidence of sialorrhea, lip licking, retching and vomiting were recorded after morphine/dexmedetomidine injection. Results There were no differences between groups in terms of age or weight. The treated group received a mean +/- SD dose of Maropitant of 2.9 +/- 0.6 mg/kg. The incidence of sialorrhea and lip licking was no different between groups. The incidence of retching (control 36% vs Maropitant 13%; P = 0.012) and emesis (control 32% vs Maropitant 13%; P = 0.03) was significantly reduced in cats treated with Maropitant. Conclusions and relevance Maropitant 8 mg (total dose) administered orally 2-2.5 h prior to morphine and dexmedetomidine significantly reduced, but did not eliminate, the incidences of retching and vomiting. Maropitant did not decrease the occurrence of sialorrhea and lip licking, signs that may be indicative of nausea. Maropitant might be useful for morning administration to prevent emesis in outpatient cats requiring sedation or anesthesia; however, dose regimens or interval of administration might require improvement.

A comparison between maropitant and metoclopramide for the prevention of morphine-induced nausea and vomiting in dogs.[Pubmed:28042152]

Can Vet J. 2017 Jan;58(1):35-38.

Morphine is widely used as a preanesthetic agent in dogs, but it often produces signs of nausea and vomiting. Maropitant (MRP) and metoclopramide (MCP) prevent emesis attributable to the opioid agent apomorphine in dogs. We evaluated the antiemetic efficacy and the discomfort in response to SQ injection of MRP [1 mg/kg body weight (BW)], MCP (0.5 mg/kg BW), and normal saline (SAL; 0.1 mL/kg BW) administered to 63 dogs, 45 minutes prior to morphine (0.5 mg/kg BW) and acepromazine (0.05 mg/kg BW). Dogs were observed for signs of nausea (ptyalism, lip licking, and increased swallowing) and vomiting for 30 minutes after morphine/acepromazine. The incidence of emesis was 0% for MRP, 38% for MCP, and 71% for SAL (P < 0.001). The incidence of signs of nausea was not different between groups. Discomfort due to injection was higher after MRP (48%), than after MCP (9.8%) and SAL (4.8%) (P < 0.001).

Description

Maropitant is a neurokinin (NK1) receptor antagonist.

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