Metoprolol Succinate

Metoprolol Succinate (Toprol XL) is a selective β1 receptor blocker used in treatment of several diseases of the cardiovascular system, especially hypertension. IC50 value: Target: β1 receptor

References:
[1]. Benfield P, et al. Metoprolol. An updated review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, and therapeutic efficacy, in hypertension, ischaemic heart disease and related cardiovascular disorders. Drugs. 1986 May;31(5):376-429.

Comparison of metoprolol succinate versus carvedilol in time to cardiovascular admission in a Veterans Affairs healthcare system: An observational study.[Pubmed:26582307]

Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2015 Dec 1;72(23 Suppl 3):S183-90.

OBJECTIVE: To determine if Metoprolol Succinate or carvedilol is more effective in delaying the time to first cardiovascular disease hospital admission in systolic heart failure patients. As a secondary objective, to determine the most effective dose of each agent in delaying first cardiovascular disease hospital admission, including but not limited to heart failure exacerbation, myocardial infarction, ischemic heart disease, cardiac arrhythmias, or death. METHODS: This study was a retrospective chart review of 272 veterans at the VA Boston Healthcare System newly started on Metoprolol Succinate (n = 157) or carvedilol (n = 115) between January 2000 and December 2008. After an 8-week study medication titration period, subjects were subcategorized into low-, medium-, and high-dose ranging groups and followed until the first cardiovascular disease hospitalization, death, or 365 days. The main outcome measure was time to first cardiovascular hospitalization or death. RESULTS: The mean age (69.9 years vs. 67.9 years) and ejection fraction (26% vs. 25%) were comparable between study arms at baseline. Mean time to first cardiovascular disease hospitalization was significantly different (p = 0.001) between study groups with 330.6 days with in Metoprolol Succinate group vs. 282.6 days in the carvedilol groups. High-dose carvedilol significantly delayed time to first hospitalization in comparison to medium or low carvedilol doses (p = 0.015, p = 0.005). Low- and high-dose Metoprolol Succinate were not significantly different (p = 0.509) in time to first event, and both dosing groups fared better compared to medium dose Metoprolol Succinate (p = 0.046). CONCLUSION: In this veteran patient population in need of additional heart failure treatments, Metoprolol Succinate use resulted in a delayed time to first cardiovascular disease hospitalization or death compared to carvedilol. Both low and high doses of Metoprolol Succinate showed a significant delay of time to first cardiovascular hospitalization compared to medium doses of Metoprolol Succinate. Higher doses of carvedilol showed a significant delay of time to cardiovascular hospitalization than lower carvedilol doses.

A new polymorphic form of metoprolol succinate.[Pubmed:26906168]

Pharm Dev Technol. 2017 Feb;22(1):58-62.

Only one crystal form of Metoprolol Succinate (Form I) was reported during previous researches and production. In this study, a new polymorph of Metoprolol Succinate (here named as Form II) was discovered and investigated by X-ray diffraction, thermoanalysis and infrared spectroscopy. The results show its crystal structure and thermal properties are significantly different with Form I. Compared with Form I, Form II exhibits specific diffraction pattern, lower melting temperature and weaker hydrogen bond effect. The thermostability testing suggests Form II is a metastable crystal form and will gradually transform into Form I undergoing treatment of high temperature and humidity. Metastable crystal form generally has better dissolubility than its corresponding stable form. Subsequent measurement also verified that Form II can dissolve in the water more quickly than Form I.

Probing the mechanism of interaction of metoprolol succinate with human serum albumin by spectroscopic and molecular docking analysis.[Pubmed:28233399]

Luminescence. 2017 Sep;32(6):942-951.

In the present work, the mechanism of the interaction between a beta1 receptor blocker, Metoprolol Succinate (MS) and human serum albumin (HSA) under physiological conditions was investigated by spectroscopic techniques, namely fluorescence, Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FT-IR), fluorescence lifetime decay and circular dichroism (CD) as well as molecular docking and cyclic voltammetric methods. The fluorescence and lifetime decay results indicated that MS quenched the intrinsic intensity of HSA through a static quenching mechanism. The Stern-Volmer quenching constants and binding constants for the MS-HSA system at 293, 298 and 303 K were obtained from the Stern-Volmer plot. Thermodynamic parameters for the interaction of MS with HSA were evaluated; negative values of entropy change (DeltaG degrees ) indicated the spontaneity of the MS and HSA interaction. Thermodynamic parameters such as negative DeltaH degrees and positive DeltaS degrees values revealed that hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic forces played a major role in MS-HSA interaction and stabilized the complex. The binding site for MS in HSA was identified by competitive site probe experiments and molecular docking studies. These results indicated that MS was bound to HSA at Sudlow's site I. The efficiency of energy transfer and the distance between the donor (HSA) and acceptor (MS) was calculated based on the theory of Fosters' resonance energy transfer (FRET). Three-dimensional fluorescence spectra and CD results revealed that the binding of MS to HSA resulted in an obvious change in the conformation of HSA. Cyclic voltammograms of the MS-HSA system also confirmed the interaction between MS and HSA. Furthermore, the effects of metal ions on the binding of MS to HSA were also studied.

In Vitro CYP2D Inhibitory Effect and Influence on Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamic Parameters of Metoprolol Succinate by Terminalia arjuna in Rats.[Pubmed:26891872]

Drug Metab Lett. 2016;10(2):124-35.

BACKGROUND: Terminalia arjuna Wight & Arn. (Combretaceae) is a tree having an extensive medicinal potential in cardiovascular disorders. T. arjuna bark extract has been reported to play a significant role as a cardiac stimulant for its beneficial effects in angina. Herb - drug interactions (HDI) are one of the most important clinical concerns in the concomitant consumption of herbs and prescription drugs. Our study was to investigate the in vitro CYP2D inhibition potential of Terminalia arjuna (T. arjuna) extracts in rat liver microsomes and to study the influence of aqueous bark extract of T. arjuna on the oral pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of Metoprolol Succinate in rats. METHODS: The CYP2D inhibition potential of herbal extracts of T. arjuna was investigated in rat liver microsomes. Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic interaction of aqueous extract of T. arjuna with Metoprolol Succinate was investigated in rats. RESULTS: The ethyl acetate, alcoholic & aqueous bark extracts of T. arjuna showed potent reversible non-competitive inhibition CYP2D enzyme in rat liver microsomes with IC50 values less than 40 mug/mL. Arjunic acid, arjunetin and arjungenin did not show significant inhibition of CYP2D enzyme in rat liver microsomes. Pharmacokinetic studies showed that aqueous bark extract of T. arjuna led to a significant reduction (P < 0.05) in AUC0-24h and Cmax of Metoprolol Succinate in rats, when co-administered. Pharmacodynamic studies reveal a significant reduction in therapeutic activity of Metoprolol Succinate on co-administration with aqueous bark extract of T. arjuna. CONCLUSION: Based on our in vitro and in vivo findings and until further clinical drug interaction experiments are conducted, the co-administration of drugs, especially those primarily cleared via CYP2D catalyzed metabolism, with T. arjuna extracts should be done with caution.

Metoprolol Succinate (Toprol XL) is a selective β1 receptor blocker used in treatment of several diseases of the cardiovascular system, especially hypertension.

Metoprolol Succinate,98418-47-4,Natural Products,Adrenergic Receptor, buy Metoprolol Succinate , Metoprolol Succinate supplier , purchase Metoprolol Succinate , Metoprolol Succinate cost , Metoprolol Succinate manufacturer , order Metoprolol Succinate , high purity Metoprolol Succinate