2'',3''-Di-O-acetyl-5''-deoxy-5-fuluro-D-cytidine

Cytotoxic gold(iii) complexes incorporating a 2,2':6',2''-terpyridine ligand framework - the impact of the substituent in the 4'-position of a terpy ring.[Pubmed:28234396]

Dalton Trans. 2017 Mar 7;46(10):3381-3392.

Two gold(iii) complexes incorporating 2,2':6',2''-terpyridine derivatives have been synthesised and characterized, and the possibility of tuning the cytotoxic activity by structural modifications of a terpy ligand has been examined. Both complexes [AuCl(4'-R(1)-terpy)](PF6)2 (1) and [AuCl(4'-R(2)-terpy)](PF6)2 (2), where R(1) is 2-pyridyl and R(2) is 3-pyridyl, show good anti-proliferative activities against HCT116, which are higher in relation to those of the free ligands, [AuCl(terpy)](PF6)2 and standard anticancer drug cisplatin. The cytotoxic properties of the gold complexes were examined by MTS assay, cell cycle and apoptosis analysis, ROS measurements, determination of mitochondrial membrane potential and mass, and staining of phosphatidylserine with Annexin-V antibody FITC-conjugated together with PI.

Characterization and cytotoxic effect of aqua-(2,2',2''-nitrilotriacetato)-oxo-vanadium salts on human osteosarcoma cells.[Pubmed:28204978]

Biometals. 2017 Apr;30(2):261-275.

The use of protonated N-heterocyclic compound, i.e. 2,2'-bipyridinium cation, [bpyH(+)], enabled to obtain the new nitrilotriacetate oxidovanadium(IV) salt of the stoichiometry [bpyH][VO(nta)(H2O)]H2O. The X-ray measurements have revealed that the compound comprises the discrete mononuclear [VO(nta)(H2O)](-) coordination ion that can be rarely found among other known compounds containing nitrilotriacetate oxidovanadium(IV) moieties. The antitumor activity of [bpyH][VO(nta)(H2O)]H2O and its phenanthroline analogue, [phenH][VO(nta)(H2O)](H2O)0.5, towards human osteosarcoma cell lines (MG-63 and HOS) has been assessed (the LDH and BrdU tests) and referred to cis-Pt(NH3)2Cl2 (used as a positive control). The compounds exert a stronger cytotoxic effect on MG-63 and HOS cells than in untransformed human osteoblast cell line. Thus, the [VO(nta)(H2O)](-) containing coordination compounds can be considered as possible antitumor agents in the osteosarcoma model of bone-related cells in culture.

High Prevalence and Predominance of the aph(2'')-If Gene Conferring Aminoglycoside Resistance in Campylobacter.[Pubmed:28264854]

Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2017 Apr 24;61(5). pii: AAC.00112-17.

Campylobacter is a major foodborne pathogen, and previous studies revealed that Campylobacter isolates from food-producing animals are increasingly resistant to gentamicin in China. The molecular epidemiology and genetic mechanisms responsible for gentamicin resistance in China have not been well understood. In this study, 607 Campylobacter isolates of chicken and swine origins collected in 2014 were analyzed, revealing that 15.6% (25/160) of the Campylobacter jejuni isolates and 79.9% (357/447) of the Campylobacter coli isolates were resistant to gentamicin. PCR detection of the gentamicin resistance genes indicated that aph(2'')-If was more prevalent than the previously identified aacA/aphD gene and has become the dominant gentamicin resistance determinant in Campylobacter Transformation and whole-genome sequencing as well as long-range PCR discovered that aph(2'')-If was located on a chromosomal segment inserted between two conserved genes, Cj0299 and panB Cloning of aph(2'')-If into gentamicin-susceptible C. jejuni NCTC 11168 confirmed its function in conferring high-level resistance to gentamicin and kanamycin. Molecular typing by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis suggested that both regional expansion of a particular clone and horizontal transmission were involved in the dissemination of the aph(2'')-If gene in Campylobacter To our knowledge, this is the first report describing the high prevalence of a chromosomally encoded aph(2'')-If gene in Campylobacter The high prevalence and predominance of this gene might be driven by the use of aminoglycoside antibiotics in food animal production in China and potentially compromise the usefulness of gentamicin as a therapeutic agent for Campylobacter-associated systemic infection.

Discovery of 4-((3'R,4'S,5'R)-6''-Chloro-4'-(3-chloro-2-fluorophenyl)-1'-ethyl-2''-oxodispiro[ cyclohexane-1,2'-pyrrolidine-3',3''-indoline]-5'-carboxamido)bicyclo[2.2.2]octane -1-carboxylic Acid (AA-115/APG-115): A Potent and Orally Active Murine Double Minute 2 (MDM2) Inhibitor in Clinical Development.[Pubmed:28339198]

J Med Chem. 2017 Apr 13;60(7):2819-2839.

We previously reported the design of spirooxindoles with two identical substituents at the carbon-2 of the pyrrolidine core as potent MDM2 inhibitors. In this paper we describe an extensive structure-activity relationship study of this class of MDM2 inhibitors, which led to the discovery of 60 (AA-115/APG-115). Compound 60 has a very high affinity to MDM2 (Ki < 1 nM), potent cellular activity, and an excellent oral pharmacokinetic profile. Compound 60 is capable of achieving complete and long-lasting tumor regression in vivo and is currently in phase I clinical trials for cancer treatment.