Bavachinin

The seeds of Psoralea corylifolia L.

Bavachinin(7-O-Methylbavachin) is a natural compound isolated from the Chinese herb Fructus Psoraleae;has potent anti-angiogenic activity. IC50 value: Target: in vitro: Isobavachalcone significantly inhibits both oligomerization and fibrillization of Aβ42, whereas bavachinin inhibits fibrillization and leads to off-pathway aggregation. Both of the compounds attenuated Aβ42-induced toxicity in a SH-SY5Y cell model [1]. Bavachinin, has potent anti-angiogenic activity in vitro and in vivo. Bavachinin inhibited increases in HIF-1α activity in human KB carcinoma (HeLa cell derivative) and human HOS osteosarcoma cells under hypoxia in a concentration-dependent manner, probably by enhancing the interaction between von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) and HIF-1α [2]. in vivo: significantly inhibited Th2 cytokine production, including IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13. Notably, this compound almost completely blocked inflammation in the ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized animal asthma model [3].

References:
[1]. Chen X, et al. Isobavachalcone and bavachinin from Psoraleae Fructus modulate Aβ42 aggregation process through different mechanisms in vitro. FEBS Lett. 2013 Sep 17;587(18):2930-5. [2]. Nepal M, et al. Anti-angiogenic and anti-tumor activity of Bavachinin by targeting hypoxia-inducible factor-1α. Eur J Pharmacol. 2012 Sep 15;691(1-3):28-37. [3]. Chen X, et al. Treatment of allergic inflammation and hyperresponsiveness by a simple compound, Bavachinin, isolated from Chinese herbs. Cell Mol Immunol. 2013 Nov;10(6):497-505.

Bavachinin, as a novel natural pan-PPAR agonist, exhibits unique synergistic effects with synthetic PPAR-gamma and PPAR-alpha agonists on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in db/db and diet-induced obese mice.[Pubmed:26983922]

Diabetologia. 2016 Jun;59(6):1276-86.

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Pan-peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) agonists have long been sought as therapeutics against the metabolic syndrome, but current PPAR agonists show limited efficacy and adverse effects. Natural herbs provide a structurally untapped resource to prevent and treat complicated metabolic syndrome. METHODS: Natural PPAR agonists were screened using reporter gene, competitive binding and 3T3-L1 pre-adipocyte differentiation assays in vitro. The effects on metabolic phenotypes were verified in db/db and diet-induced obese mice. In addition, potentially synergistic actions of Bavachinin (BVC, a novel natural pan-PPAR agonist from the fruit of the traditional Chinese glucose-lowering herb malaytea scurfpea) and synthetic PPAR agonists were studied through nuclear magnetic resonance, molecular docking, reporter gene assays and mouse studies. RESULTS: BVC exhibited glucose-lowering properties without inducing weight gain and hepatotoxicity. Importantly, BVC synergised with thiazolidinediones, which are synthetic PPAR-gamma agonists, and fibrates, which are PPAR-alpha agonists, to induce PPAR transcriptional activity, as well as to lower glucose and triacylglycerol levels in db/db mice. We further found that BVC occupies a novel alternative binding site in addition to the canonical site of synthetic agonists of PPAR, and that the synthetic PPAR-gamma agonist rosiglitazone can block BVC binding to this canonical site but not to the alternative site. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: This is the first report of a synergistic glucose- and lipid-lowering effect of BVC and synthetic agonists induced by unique binding with PPAR-gamma or -alpha. This combination may improve the efficacy and decrease the toxicity of marketed drugs for use as adjunctive therapy to treat the metabolic syndrome.

Anti-angiogenic and anti-tumor activity of Bavachinin by targeting hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha.[Pubmed:22760073]

Eur J Pharmacol. 2012 Sep 15;691(1-3):28-37.

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) consists of two subunits, the HIF-1beta, which is constitutively expressed, and HIF-1alpha, which is oxygen-responsive. HIF-1alpha is over-expressed in response to hypoxia, increasing transcriptional activity linked to tumor progression, angiogenesis, metastasis, and invasion. This study aimed to demonstrate that the natural compound, Bavachinin, has potent anti-angiogenic activity in vitro and in vivo. Bavachinin inhibited increases in HIF-1alpha activity in human KB carcinoma (HeLa cell derivative) and human HOS osteosarcoma cells under hypoxia in a concentration-dependent manner, probably by enhancing the interaction between von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) and HIF-1alpha. Furthermore, Bavachinin decreased transcription of genes associated with angiogenesis and energy metabolism that are regulated by HIF-1, such as vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF), Glut 1 and Hexokinase 2. Bavachinin also inhibited tube formation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) as well as in vitro migration of KB cells. In vivo studies showed that injecting Bavachinin thrice weekly for four weeks significantly reduced tumor volume and CD31 expression in nude mice with KB xenografts. These data indicate that Bavachinin could be used as a therapeutic agent for inhibiting tumor angiogenesis.

Effect of Bavachinin and its derivatives on T cell differentiation.[Pubmed:24508059]

Int Immunopharmacol. 2014 Apr;19(2):399-404.

Bavachinin, which can be isolated from the Chinese herb Fructus Psoraleae, has the potential as a potent anti-asthma drug. However, the extremely low water solubility of Bavachinin limits its application. In this study, two new derivatives of Bavachinin, i.e., compounds A and B, whose water solubility is better than that of Bavachinin, were synthesized via biotransformation. A comparative investigation was then performed on the effects of these two new derivatives, along with Bavachinin, on T cell differentiation. The results showed that they have different effects. Bavachinin and compound B inhibited green fluorescent protein (GFP) production from the T cells of IL-4-GFP-enhanced transcript (4GET) mice, whereas compound A did not. The effect was mainly attributed to the inhibition of GATA-3 protein production. Bavachinin and compound B can inhibit the production of GATA-3 mRNA, but they showed different effects on the production of T-bet mRNA. Compound B increased the production of T-bet mRNA, whereas Bavachinin did not. The results will be very useful for optimizing Bavachinin so that potent anti-allergic drugs can be developed. The structure-activity relationship of Th2 was revealed based on the difference between Bavachinin and compound B. This finding can enrich the database of preliminary drug screening from their chemical structures.

Separation and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma agonist activity evaluation of synthetic racemic bavachinin enantiomers.[Pubmed:25978962]

Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2015 Jun 15;25(12):2579-83.

Bavachinin, isolated from Psoralea corylifolia seeds, has been reported to demonstrate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma) agonist activity. However, isolated Bavachinin is actually a mixture of S and R configurations, with an enantiomeric excess value of approximately 24.3%. For further study on the structure-activity relationships of Bavachinin, investigating the PPAR-gamma agonist activity of the two enantiomers is crucial. Considering the limited availability, racemic Bavachinin was prepared in this study using chemical synthesis. The enantiomers of racemic Bavachinin were then separated using supercritical fluid chromatography. This concise strategy yielded (S)- and (R)-Bavachinin in optical purity as high as 97.5%. The PPAR-gamma agonist activity of the two enantiomers was evaluated using a time-resolved fluorescence resonance energy transfer-based competitive binding assay method; IC50 values of (S)- and (R)-Bavachinin were 616.7 and 471.2 nM, respectively. The interaction between the compounds and PPAR-gamma was further explored using a molecular docking method. This study suggests that (S)- and (R)-Bavachinin demonstrate similar PPAR-gamma agonist activities.

Bavachinin(7-O-Methylbavachin) is a natural compound isolated from the Chinese herb Fructus Psoraleae;has potent anti-angiogenic activity.

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