GSK2838232

GSK2838232 is an HIV-1 maturation inhibitor [1] [2].

HIV-1 maturation inhibitors disrupt the cleavage of the HIV-1 gag protein immediate precursor by the enzyme HIV-1 protease. Maturation inhibitors bind the gag protein, which leads to the formation of immature, noninfectious virus particles incapable of infecting other cells. Also, maturation inhibitors inhibit HIV infections with resistance.

GSK2838232 is a HIV-1 maturation inhibitor and is active against a broad range of isolates, including those resistant to bevirimat [1]. GSK2838232 was developed for the treatment of chronic HIV infection. A phase I study in HIV-negative individuals had been completed. Single doses of 5, 10 or 20 mg GSK2838232 were used to evaluate the initial safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics profile, and the effects of food and ritonavir on GSK2838232’s bioavailability and pharmacokinetics [2].

References:
[1].  Olender SA, Taylor BS, Wong M, et al. CROI 2015: Advances in Antiretroviral Therapy. CROI 2015 Highlights: Antiretroviral Therapy Volume 23 Issue 1 March/April 2015.
[2].  Horn T, Collins S. The Antiretroviral Pipeline. Antiretrovirals, 2014 PIPELINE REPORT.

The safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetic profile of GSK2838232, a novel 2nd generation HIV maturation inhibitor, as assessed in healthy subjects.[Pubmed:29930812]

Pharmacol Res Perspect. 2018 Jun 5;6(4):e00408.

This work aimed to assess the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics (PK), and relative bioavailability of GSK2838232, an investigational HIV maturation inhibitor. GSK2838232 was administered over four dose-escalation studies in healthy subjects which assessed single oral doses (5-250 mg) and repeat doses (up to 200 mg once or twice daily) +/-100 mg ritonavir (RTV) once daily. GSK2838232 administration (up to 250 mg) to 124 subjects across four studies resulted in few mild adverse events (AEs) with similar frequencies to placebo. There were no clearly identified drug-related AEs. GSK2838232 tested fasted was quickly absorbed with a tmax of 2-3 hours. With food, the absorption was delayed and more variable, with ~60% increase in AUC and Cmax. Overall, following single doses GSK2838232 AUC and Cmax generally exhibited proportional PK from 50 to 100 mg dose without RTV and from 50 to 250 mg with RTV and following repeated doses of 20-200 mg with RTV. In relative bioavailability studies, a micronized formulation was found to be suitable for development. At steady state, RTV increased GSK2838232 AUC and Cmax by 10- and 3-fold, respectively. Half-life was prolonged from ~17 hours nonboosted to ~34 hours with RTV. This boosting effect was also seen in repeat-dose GSK2838232 studies, which achieved the targeted plasma exposure with GSK2838232 as a once-daily regimen of up to 200 mg with RTV. The results of these studies demonstrated a favorable safety and PK profile for GSK2838232 and support its investigation for the treatment of HIV infection.