Pseudojervine

Exploring the hypoglycaemic efficacy of bio-accessed antioxidative polyphenolics in thermally processed Cucumis dipsaceus fruits - An in vitro and in silico study.[Pubmed:37804734]

Food Chem. 2024 Mar 1;435:137577.

Inhibition of breakdown of dietary carbohydrates, by controlling the postprandial activity of diabetic enzymes through fruit polyphenolics can help downregulate the effects of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). The study focuses on deciphering the induction of hyperglycaemic control by bio-accessed anti-oxidative polyphenols of Cucumic dipsaceus fruits. Chiefly, we examined the antioxidant activity of bio-accessed polyphenols of C. dipsaceus fruits (DPPH: ME (GDE)-66.26 %; ABTS: FE (IDE)-1963.83 microM TEAC/mg extract; Phosphomolybdenum reduction: FE (IDE)- 64.95 mg AAEAC/g extract). To add more significance, the anti-diabetic activity was predetermined by in silico docking analyses (Pseudojervine - -5.43; Squalene- -10.41) and was concurrently confirmed by in vitro studies (alpha amylase inhibition: ME (GDE) - 69.58 %; alpha glucosidase inhibition: FE (UDE)- 88.67 %). A higher bio-accessibility of rutin (37.92 mg/g ODE) and gallic acid (8.36 mg/g ODE) was observed after quantification by HPLC, which confirmed the correlation between anti-diabetic activity and C. dipsaceus fruit phenolic compounds.

Quantitative determination of six steroid alkaloids by sensitive hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and its application to pharmacokinetic study in rats.[Pubmed:30187929]

Biomed Chromatogr. 2019 Jan;33(1):e4377.

In this study, a sensitive hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) method was developed to determine Pseudojervine (PJV), veratrosine (VTS), jervine (JV), veratramine (VTM), veramarine (VA) and veratroylzygadenine (VTG) in rat plasma. Separations were carried out using LC-MS/MS with a Chrom Matrix HP amide column (5 m, 10 cm x 3.0 mm i.d.). The mobile phases were (A) 0.01 mm formic acid and (B) acetonitrile. Good linearity was found for all analytes (R(2) > 0.995) in the concentration range from 5 to 1000 mug/L with LLOQ at 5 mug/L for VTM and VTS; and from 1 to 1000 mug/L with LLOQ at 1 mug/L for PJV, JV, VA and VTG. Accuracy of the assay varied from 90.5 to 108.1%. The extraction recovery and matrix effect of six analytes ranged from 72.2 to 95.5% and from 79.2 to 98.4%. According to the stability test, six analytes in rat plasma were stable during the analysis process. On the basis of validation of the assay, the pharmacokinetics of the six steroid alkaloids were investigated after oral administration of Lilu extracts to rats.

Insecticidal metabolites from the rhizomes of Veratrum album against adults of Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata.[Pubmed:25146763]

Chem Biodivers. 2014 Aug;11(8):1192-204.

The dried rhizomes of Veratrum album were individually extracted with CHCl3 , acetone, and NH4 OH/benzene to test the toxic effects against the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata, which is an important agricultural pest. Fifteen compounds in various amounts were isolated from the extracts using column and thin-layer chromatography. The chemical structures of 14 compounds were characterized as octacosan-1-ol (1), beta-sitosterol (2), stearic acid (3), diosgenin (4), resveratrol (5), wittifuran X (6), oxyresveratrol (7), beta-sitosterol 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (8), diosgenin 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)-beta-D-glucopyronoside (9), oxyresveratrol 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (10), jervine (11), Pseudojervine (13), 5,6-dihydro-1-hydroxyjervine (14), and saccharose (15) using UV, IR, MS, (1) H- and (13)C-NMR, and 2D-NMR spectroscopic methods. However, the chemical structure of 12, an oligosaccharide, has not fully been elucidated. Compounds 4, 6, 9, and 10 were isolated from V. album rhizomes for the first time in the current study. The toxic effects of three extracts (acetone, CHCl3 , and NH4 OH/benzene) and six metabolites, 2, 2+4, 5, 7, 8, and 11, were evaluated against the Colorado potato beetle. The assay revealed that all three extracts, and compounds 7, 8, and 11 exhibited potent toxic effects against this pest. This is the first report on the evaluation of the toxic effects of the extracts and secondary metabolites of V. album rhizomes against L. decemlineata. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the extracts can be used as natural insecticides.

Antitumor and antiplatelet activity of alkaloids from veratrum dahuricum.[Pubmed:20013819]

Phytother Res. 2010 Jun;24(6):821-6.

Ten steroidal alkaloids - cyclopamine, veratramine, jervine, 3, 15-diangyloylgermine, 3-angyloylzygadenine, 3-veratroyl zygadenine, 15-veratroylgermine, germine, veratrosine and Pseudojervine - from Veratrum dahuricum, together with the ethanol extract and total alkaloids, were evaluated for their antitumor and antiplatelet activities. Cyclopamine, veratramine and germine significantly inhibited the hedgehog pathway in NIH/3T3 cells. Cyclopamine exerted a potent inhibitory effect against the growth of PANC-1 tumors in mice, with inhibition rates of 40.64%, 44.37%, 46.77% at doses of 5.0, 15.0 and 50.0 mg kg-1, respectively. Veratroylgermine was found to produce the strongest inhibition against the platelet aggregation induced by arachidonic acid, with inhibition rate of 92.0% at 100 microM.