ZM323881

ZM323881 inhibits VEGF-A-induced endothelial cell proliferation (IC50 = 8 nM) and VEGF-R2 tyrosine phosphorylation (IC50 < 2 nM).

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) increases vascular permeability and angiogenesis in many pathological conditions, such as cancer, arthritis, and diabetes. VEGF activates VEGF-Receptor 1 (VEGF-R1) and VEGF-Receptor 2 (VEGF-R2) that autophosphorylate to initiate a signaling cascade resulting in angiogenesis and increased microvascular permeability. ZM323881 is a potent and selective inhibitor of VEGF-R2 tyrosine kinase.

In vitro: ZM323881 was found to inhibit VEGF-A-induced endothelial cell proliferation (IC50 = 8 nM) and VEGF-R2 tyrosine phosphorylation in vitro (IC50 < 2 nM) [1].

In vivo: VEGF-Amediated increases in vascular permeability in perfused mesenteric microvessels in vivo were reversibly abolished by both ZM323881 and the class III receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor PTK787/ZK222584, suggesting that VEGF-R2 phosphorylation is necessary for VEGF-A-mediated increases in microvascular permeability in vivo [1].

Clinical trials: There is no clinical data are available currenlty.

Reference:
[1] Whittles CE, Pocock TM, Wedge SR, Kendrew J, Hennequin LF, Harper SJ, Bates DO.   ZM323881, a novel inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor-receptor-2 tyrosine kinase activity. Microcirculation. 2002;9(6):513-22.

ZM323881, a novel inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor-receptor-2 tyrosine kinase activity.[Pubmed:12483548]

Microcirculation. 2002 Dec;9(6):513-22.

OBJECTIVE: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) increases vascular permeability and angiogenesis in many pathological conditions including cancer, arthritis, and diabetes. VEGF activates VEGF-Receptor 1(VEGF-R1) and VEGF-Receptor 2 (VEGF-R2), which autophosphorylate to initiate a signaling cascade resulting in angiogenesis and increased microvascular permeability. Here we describe a novel VEGF-R2 selective inhibitor, ZM323881 (5-[[7-(benzyloxy) quinazolin-4-yl]amino]-4-fluoro-2-methylphenol), that is a potent and selective inhibitor of VEGF-R2 tyrosine kinase in vitro (IC(50) < 2 nM), compared with other receptor tyrosine kinases, including VEGF-R1 (IC(50) > 50 microM). METHODS: Endothelial cell proliferation was assayed by (3)H-thymidine incorporation in response to VEGF-A +/- ZM323881. The effect of ZM323881 on VEGF-mediated permeability was measured in frog microvessels using the Landis Michel technique. To ensure that ZM323881 was effective in frogs, western analysis was performed on protein extracted from frog lungs incubated in the presence or absence of VEGF-A or VEGF-A with ZM323881. RESULTS: ZM323881 inhibits VEGF-A-induced endothelial cell proliferation (IC(50) = 8 nM) and VEGF-R2 tyrosine phosphorylation in vitro. VEGF-A-mediated increases in vascular permeability in perfused mesenteric microvessels in vivo were reversibly abolished by both ZM323881 and the class III receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor PTK787/ZK222584. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that VEGF-R2 phosphorylation is necessary for VEGF-A-mediated increases in microvascular permeability in vivo.

Selective reversal of BCRP-mediated MDR by VEGFR-2 inhibitor ZM323881.[Pubmed:28242251]

Biochem Pharmacol. 2017 May 15;132:29-37.

The expression of breast cancer resistant protein (BCRP) in lung cancer is correlated with development of multidrug resistance (MDR) and therefore leads to lower response to chemotherapy. ZM323881, a previously developed selective VEGFR-2 inhibitor, was found to have inhibitory effects on BCRP-mediated MDR in this investigation. ZM323881 significantly decreased the cytotoxic doses of mitoxantrone and SN-38 in BCRP-overexpressing NCI-H460/MX20 cells. Mechanistic studies revealed that ZM323881 effected by inhibiting BCRP-mediated drug efflux, leading to intracellular accumulation of BCRP substrates. No significant alteration in the expression levels and localization pattern of BCRP was observed when BCRP-overexpressing cells were exposed to ZM323881. Stimulated bell-shaped ATPase activities were observed. Molecular docking suggested that ZM323881 binds to the modulator site of BCRP and the binding pose is stable validated by 100ns molecular dynamic simulation. Overall, our results indicated that ZM323881 reversed BCRP-related MDR by inhibiting its efflux function. These findings might be useful in developing combination chemotherapy for MDR cancer treatment.