3',3'''-Binaringenin

Improved solubility, dissolution rate, and oral bioavailability of main biflavonoids from Selaginella doederleinii extract by amorphous solid dispersion.[Pubmed:32037895]

Drug Deliv. 2020 Dec;27(1):309-322.

Amentoflavone, robustaflavone, 2'',3''-dihydro-3',3'''-biapigenin, 3',3'''-binaringenin, and delicaflavone are five major hydrophobic components in the total biflavonoids extract from Selaginella doederleinii (TBESD) that display favorable anticancer properties. The purpose of this study was to develop a new oral delivery formulation to improve the solubilities, dissolution rates, and oral bioavailabilities of the main ingredients in TBESD by the solid dispersion technique. Solid dispersions of TBESD with various hydrophilic polymers were prepared, and different technologies were applied to select the suitable carrier and method. TBESD amorphous solid dispersion (TBESD-ASD) with polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30 was successfully prepared by the solvent evaporation method. The physicochemical properties of TBESD-ASD were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. As a result, TBESD was found to be molecularly dispersed in the amorphous carrier. The solubilities and dissolution rates of all five ingredients in the TBESD-ASD were significantly increased (nearly 100% release), compared with raw TBESD. Meanwhile, TBESD-ASD showed good preservation stability for 3 months under accelerated conditions of 40 degrees C and 75% relative humidity. A subsequent pharmacokinetic study in rats revealed that Cmax and AUC0-t of all five components were significantly increased by the solid dispersion preparation. An in vivo study clearly revealed that compared to raw TBESD, a significant reduction in tumor size and microvascular density occurred after oral administration of TBESD-ASD to xenograft-bearing tumor mice. Collectively, the developed TBESD-ASD with the improved solubility, dissolution rates and oral bio-availabilities of the main ingredients could be a promising chemotherapeutic agent for cancer treatment.

Proliposomes for oral delivery of total biflavonoids extract from Selaginella doederleinii: formulation development, optimization, and in vitro-in vivo characterization.[Pubmed:31692515]

Int J Nanomedicine. 2019 Aug 20;14:6691-6706.

Purpose: Amentoflavone, robustaflavone, 2'',3''-dihydro-3',3'''-biapigenin, 3',3'''-binaringenin and delicaflavone are five major active ingredients in the total biflavonoids extract from Selaginella doederleinii (TBESD) with favorable anticancer properties. However, the natural-derived potent antitumor agent of TBESD is undesirable due to its poor solubility. The present study was to develop and optimize a proliposomal formulation of TBESD (P-TBESD) to improve its solubility, oral bioavailability and efficacy. Materials and methods: P-TBESD containing a bile salt, a protective hydrophilic isomalto-oligosaccharides (IMOs) coating, were successfully prepared by thin film dispersion-sonication method. The physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties of P-TBESD were characterized, and the antitumor effect was evaluated using the HT-29 xenograft-bearing mice models in rats. Results: Compared with TBESD, the relative bioavailability of amentoflavone, robustaflavone, 2'',3''-dihydro-3',3'''-biapigenin, 3',3'''-binaringenin and delicaflavone from P-TBESD were 669%, 523%, 761%, 955% and 191%, respectively. The results of pharmacodynamics demonstrated that both TBESD and P-TBESD groups afforded antitumor effect without systemic toxicity, and the antitumor effect of P-TBESD was significantly superior to that of raw TBESD, based on the tumor growth inhibition and histopathological examination. Conclusion: Hence, IMOs-modified proliposomes have promising potential for TBESD solving the problem of its poor solubility and oral bioavailability, which can serve as a practical oral preparation for TBESD in the future cancer therapy.

The cooccurrence of different biflavonoid types in Pilotrichella flexilis.[Pubmed:11204186]

Z Naturforsch C J Biosci. 2000 Nov-Dec;55(11-12):866-9.

From Pilotrichella flexilis various flavonoids have been isolated. This species contains in contrast to P. cuspidata not only 3',3'''-binaringenin and related compounds, but also some hitherto unknown biflavonoids based on eriodictyol and aureusidin. The structures of two new compounds are elucidated spectroscopically. Possible causes for the differences of the flavonoid patterns between the two species of the genus Pilotrichella are discussed.