S-(+)-Marmesin

1 Angelica sp. 2 Broussonetia sp. 3 Feronia sp. 4 Ficus sp. 5 Notopterygium sp. 6 Peucedanum sp. 7 Saposhnikovia sp. 8 Zanthoxylum sp.

S-(+)-Marmesin is a natural coumarin, exhibiting COX-2/5-LOX dual inhibitory activity.

In Vitro:S-(+)-Marmesin ((+)-marmesin) shows affinity at the recombinant psoralen synthase, with a Km of 1.5 ± 0.5 μM, exceeding the substrate affinities of other enzymes of the CYP71 subfamily involved in plant secondary metabolism[1]. S-(+)-Marmesin ((+)-marmesin) shows COX-2/5-LOX dual inhibitory activity[2].

References:
[1]. Larbat R, et al. Molecular cloning and functional characterization of psoralen synthase, the first committed monooxygenase of furanocoumarin biosynthesis. J Biol Chem. 2007 Jan 5;282(1):542-54. Epub 2006 Oct 26. [2]. Kim JS, et al. Chemical constituents of the root of Dystaenia takeshimana and their anti-inflammatory activity. Arch Pharm Res. 2006 Aug;29(8):617-23.

In vivo and molecular docking studies using whole extract and phytocompounds of Aegle marmelos fruit protective effects against Isoproterenol-induced Myocardial infarction in rats.[Pubmed:28511341]

Biomed Pharmacother. 2017 Jul;91:880-889.

Myocardial infarction (MI) is a leading major health problem with increased morbidity and mortality worldwide. The present study investigates isoproterenol (ISO) induced MI and the beneficial role of Aegle marmelos fruit extract (AMFE) in rats. Our results indicated the significant augmentation of plasma nitric oxide (NOx) levels, C-reactive protein (CRP), homocysteine, apolipoprotein B (apo-B), cardiac tissue lipid peroxidation and liver 3-hydroxy-3 methyl glutaryl CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase activity in ISO treated rats (85mg/kg b.wt) with a concomitant decrease in plasma apolipoprotein A1 (apo-A), lipase activity, paraoxonase-1 activity and cardiac tissue taurine levels when compared with controls. However, pretreatment of ISO administered rats with AMFE (150mg/kg b.wt/day for 45 days) markedly brought the observed alterations toward near normal level indicating its protective role against MI. Further, we have extended our studies to study the interaction of important phytocompounds, marmesin, marmin, umbelliferone and impertonin, present in AMFE with key enzymes, HMG-CoA reductase, iNOS, lipoprotein lipase and paraoxonase using AutoDock4. Molecular docking analysis indicated that HMG-CoA reductase, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and lipoprotein lipase formed a strong enzyme ligand complex with impertonin. While the marmesin showed strong interaction with paraoxonase enzyme. In conclusion, our results suggest that AMFE acts as a strong protective agent against ISO-induced MI, and the bioactive compounds are responsible for this protective action which is confirmed by molecular docking studies.

Xylactam B, A New Isobenzofuranone from an Endophytic Xylaria sp.[Pubmed:26669110]

Nat Prod Commun. 2015 Oct;10(10):1715-7.

A new nitrogen containing compound named xylactam B (2), along with a further eight known compounds, ceramide 2a, cerebroside B, cyclo(prolyl,valyl), marmesin, 5-methoxycarbonylmellein, 5-methylmellein, polypropylene glycol and p-hydroxybenzoic acid, were isolated from an endophytic Xylaria sp. The structure elucidation of the new compound and the other isolates was carried out with the help of spectroscopic analyses and databases.

In vitro and in vivo anticancer effects of marmesin in U937 human leukemia cells are mediated via mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and inhibition of cancer cell migration.[Pubmed:29251335]

Oncol Rep. 2018 Feb;39(2):597-602.

Leukemia is one of the highly lethal cancers among all pediatric cancers. With limited drug options and the severe side effects associated with the current chemotherapy, there is pressing need to look for new and novel anticancer agents. Against this backdrop, in the present study we evaluated the anticancer activity of a natural coumarin, marmesin against human leukemia cell line U937 and normal human monocytes It was observed that marmesin exhibited an IC50 value of 40 microM and exerted its cytotoxic effects in a dose-dependent manner. However, the cytotoxic effects of marmesin were comparatively lower for the normal human monocytes as evident from the IC50 of 125 microM. Our results indicated that marmesin inhibits colony formation and induces apoptosis dose-dependently. We also investigated the effect of marmesin on the expression of Bax and Bcl-2 proteins. It was observed that marmesin treatment triggered upregulation of Bax and downregulation of Bcl-2 causing significant increase in the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, marmesin could also induce ROS mediated alterations in mitochondrial membrane potential. Additionally, marmesin induced G2/M cell cycle arrest and significantly inhibited cell migration potential of leukemia cells at the IC50. Remarkably, marmesin prevent tumor growth significantly in vivo at the dosage of 30 mg/kg in vivo. These results strongly indicate that marmesin may prove to be a novel anticancer lead for the management of leukemia.

Antioxidant, 5-lipoxygenase inhibitory and cytotoxic activities of compounds isolated from the Ferula lutea flowers.[Pubmed:25340301]

Molecules. 2014 Oct 22;19(10):16959-75.

A phytochemical investigation of the Ferula lutea (Poir.) Maire flowers has led to the isolation of a new compound, (E)-5-ethylidenefuran-2(5H)-one-5-O-beta-d-glucopyranoside (1), designated ferunide, 4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid (2), reported for the first time as a natural product, together with nine known compounds, verbenone-5-O-beta-d-glucopyranoside (3), 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid (4), methyl caffeate (5), methyl 3,5-O-dicaffeoylquinate (6), 3,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid (7), isorhamnetin-3-O-alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->6)-beta-d-glucopyranoside, narcissin (8), (-)-marmesin (9), isoimperatorin (10) and 2,3,6-trimethylbenzaldehyde (11). Compounds 3-10 were identified for the first time in Ferula genus. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including 1D and 2D NMR experiments, mass spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis (compound 2), as well as by comparison with literature data. The antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activities of isolated compounds were evaluated. Results showed that compound 7 exhibited the highest antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 18 +/- 0.5 micromol/L and 19.7 +/- 0.7 micromol/L by DPPH radical and ABTS radical cation, respectively. The compound 6 exhibited the highest anti-inflammatory activity with an IC50 value of 5.3 +/- 0.1 micromol/L against 5-lipoxygenase. In addition, compound 5 was found to be the most cytotoxic, with IC50 values of 22.5 +/- 2.4 micromol/L, 17.8 +/- 1.1 micromol/L and 25 +/- 1.1 micromol/L against the HCT-116, IGROV-1 and OVCAR-3 cell lines, respectively.

Marmesin is a novel angiogenesis inhibitor: Regulatory effect and molecular mechanism on endothelial cell fate and angiogenesis.[Pubmed:26455771]

Cancer Lett. 2015 Dec 28;369(2):323-30.

In the present study, we investigated the effects and molecular mechanism of marmesin, a coumarin compound isolated from Broussonetia kazinoki, on vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A)-induced endothelial cell responses in vitro and angiogenic sprouting in aortic rings ex vivo. Marmesin treatment inhibited VEGF-A-stimulated endothelial cell proliferation through down-regulation of cell cycle-related proteins including cyclin-dependent kinases and cyclins, leading to pRb hypophosphorylation and G1 phase cell cycle arrest. In addition, marmesin treatment abrogated VEGF-A-induced endothelial cell migration, invasion and capillary-like structure formation in vitro as well as angiogenic sprouting ex vivo. These anti-angiogenic activities of marmesin were mediated through inactivation of VEGF-A-stimulated signaling pathways, and down-regulation of cell surface signaling molecules including VEGF receptor-2, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2, integrin beta1 and integrin-liked kinase. Taken together, these findings clearly support the pharmacological roles of marmesin in regulating angiogenesis, and warrant further evaluation and development as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment and prevention of angiogenesis-related diseases including cancer.

[Chemical constituents from lipophilic parts in roots of Angelica dahurica var. formosana cv. Chuanbaizhi].[Pubmed:26552172]

Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2015 Jun;40(11):2148-56.

The chemical constituents from lipophilic parts in the roots of Angelica dahurica var. formosana cv. Chuanbaizhi were studied in this paper. The compounds were separated and purified by repeated column chromatographic methods on silica gel and HPLC, and the chemical structures of compounds were determined by spectral data analyses. Twenty-nine compounds were obtained and identified as isoimperatorin (1), beta-sitosterol (2), imperatorin (3), bergapten (4), osthenol (5), xanthotoxin (6), isoimpinellin (7), dehydrogeijerin (8), phellopterin (9), isodemethylfuropinarine (10), 7-demethylsuberosin (11), alloimperatorin (12), xanthotoxol (13), isooxypeucedanin (14), alloisoimperatorin (15), demethylfuropinarine (16), 5-hydroxy-8-methoxypsoralen (17), oxypeucedanin methanolate (18), pabulenol (19), byakangelicin (20), marmesin (21), (+) -decursinol (22), heraclenol (23), oxypeucedanin hydrate (24), marmesinin (25), ulopterol (26), erythro-guaiacylglycerol-beta-ferulic acid ether (27), threo-guaiacylglycerol-beta-ferulic acid ether (28), and uracil (29). Compounds 5, 8, 11, 18, 21-23, and 26-28 were obtained from the roots of title plant for the first time.

Marmesin-mediated suppression of VEGF/VEGFR and integrin beta1 expression: Its implication in non-small cell lung cancer cell responses and tumor angiogenesis.[Pubmed:27878269]

Oncol Rep. 2017 Jan;37(1):91-97.

In the present study, we investigated the effects and molecular mechanism of marmesin, a natural coumarin compound isolated from Broussonetia kazinoki, on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell responses and tumor angiogenesis. Marmesin abrogated mitogen-stimulated proliferation and invasion in both p53 wild-type A549 and p53-deficient H1299 NSCLC cells. These antitumor activities of marmesin were mediated by the inactivation of mitogenic signaling pathways and downregulation of cell signaling-related proteins including vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2), integrin beta1, integrin-linked kinase and matrix metalloproteinases-2. Furthermore, marmesin suppressed the expression and secretion of VEGF in both NSCLC cells, leading to inhibition of capillary-like structure formation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Collectively, these findings demonstrate the pharmacological roles and molecular targets of marmesin in regulating NSCLC cell responses and tumor angiogenesis.

S-(+)-Marmesin is a natural coumarin, exhibiting COX-2/5-LOX dual inhibitory activity.

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