Benzethonium Chloride

Benzethonium chloride is a potent inhibitor of nAChRs, it inhibits α4β2 nAChRs and α7 nAChRs with IC50 of 49 nM and 122 nM, respectively.

Assessment of oral malodor and tonsillar microbiota after gargling with benzethonium chloride.[Pubmed:27021544]

J Oral Sci. 2016;58(1):83-91.

The oropharyngeal area can be a source of halitosis. However, the relationship between healthy tonsillar microbiota and halitosis is poorly understood. We conducted a pilot clinical study to clarify the effect of gargling with an antiseptic agent on tonsillar microbiota in patients with halitosis. Twenty-nine halitosis patients who did not have otolaryngologic disease or periodontitis were assigned randomly to one of three groups: Benzethonium Chloride (BZC) gargle; placebo gargle; no gargle. Concentrations of volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) in mouth air, the organoleptic score (ORS) and tongue-coating score (TCS) were measured before and after testing. Tonsillar microbiota were assessed by detection of periodontal pathogens, and profiling with terminal-restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis and sequencing of 16SrRNA clone libraries for taxonomic assignment. Gargling with BZC reduced the concentrations of methyl mercaptan and hydrogen sulfide and the ORS, but did not affect the TCS or prevalence of periodontal pathogens. T-RFLP analyses and 16SrRNA clone sequencing showed a tendency for some candidate species to decrease in the test group. Although gargling of the oropharyngeal area with an antiseptic agent can reduce oral malodor, it appears that tonsillar microbiota are not influenced greatly. (J Oral Sci 58, 83-91, 2016).

Differential Gene Expression of Three Gene Targets among Persistent and Nonpersistent Listeria monocytogenes Strains in the Presence or Absence of Benzethonium Chloride.[Pubmed:26219372]

J Food Prot. 2015 Aug;78(8):1569-73.

Persistence of Listeria monocytogenes strains in food processing environments remains relatively common but is difficult to control. Understanding the basis for such persistence represents an important step in the potential control or eradication of this pathogen from these environments. In this study, reverse transcription PCR was used to determine the relative and absolute expression of selected gene targets (pocR, eutJ, and qacH) among five persistent and four presumed nonpersistent L. monocytogenes strains. The quantification of these genes as markers for the persistent phenotype and the effect of Benzethonium Chloride (BZT) on their expression was investigated. Although no markers correlated with the ability of strains to persist in food processing facilities were found, expression of pocR was upregulated in three of the five persistent strains, in contrast to the four presumed nonpersistent strains, which showed down-regulation of this gene. These results provide further knowledge of the differential expression of genes of persistent and presumed nonpersistent strains of L. monocytogenes grown in the presence or absence of BZT and identifies upregulation of pocR as a potential response of persistent strains of L. monocytogenes to exposure to BZT.

Chemically modified carbon paste and membrane sensors for the determination of benzethonium chloride and some anionic surfactants (SLES, SDS, and LABSA): Characterization using SEM and AFM.[Pubmed:27216669]

Talanta. 2016 Aug 1;155:158-67.

Chemically modified carbon-paste (CMCP) and membrane- sensors based on incorporating benzothonium-tetraphenylborate (BT-TPB) were constructed for the analysis of Benzethonium Chloride, and some other surfactants such as sodium lauryl ether sulphate (SLES), sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), and linear alkylbenzene sulphonic acid (LABSA). All sensors showed good sensitivity and reverse wide linearity over a concentration range of 5.97x10(-7) to 1.00x10(-3) and 5.96x10(-7) to 3.03x10(-3)molL(-1) with limit of detection of 3.92x10(-7)and 3.40x10(-7)molL(-1) for membrane and chemically modified carbon paste sensors, respectively, with respect to Benzethonium Chloride (BT.Cl). They could be used over a wide pH range of 2.0-10.0. The thermal coefficients of membrane and CMCP sensors are 5.40x10(-4), 1.17x10(-4)V/ degrees C, respectively. The sensors indicated a wide selectivity over different inorganic cations. The effect of soaking on the surface morphology of the membrane sensor was studied using EDX-SEM and AFM techniques. The response time was <10s The freshly prepared, exhausted membrane, and CMCP sensors were successfully applied for the potentiometric determination of the pure BT.Cl solution. They were also used for the determination of its pharmaceutical formulation Dermoplast((R)) antibacterial spray (20% benzocaine+0.2% Benzethonium Chloride) with recovery values ranging from 97.54+/-1.70 to 101.25+/-1.12 and from 96.32+/-2.49 to 101.23+/-2.15%. The second goal of these sensors is the potentiometric determination of different surfactants such as SLES, SDS, and LABSA with good recovery values using BT.Cl as a titrant in their pure forms, and in samples containing one of them (shampoo, Touri((R)) dishwashing liquid, and waste water). The statistical analysis of the obtained data was studied.