UAMC 00039 dihydrochloride

UAMC00039 dihydrochloride is a potent, reversible and competitive dipeptidyl peptidase II inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.48 nM.

In Vitro:UAMC00039 has an IC50 of 0.48±0.04 nM and a high selectivity for DPPII compared to DPPIV (IC50=165±9 µM) and DPP activity not caused by DPPII or DPPIV. UAMC00039 seems a promising tool to unravel the function of DPPII as well as to validate its potential as a therapeutic target[1]. The efficacy of a DPPII inhibitor in cell culture depends not only on the inhibitors’ potency towards the enzyme but also on its stability in the medium and its ability to enter the cell. UAMC00039 is stable for at least 48 h at 37 °C in culture medium and in DPPII assay buffer. The compound is able to enter PBMC within 1 min resulting in a concentration-dependent inhibition of intracellular DPPII activity without affecting the ‘non-DPPII’ DPP activity. 1 and 100 μM UAMC00039 inhibits DPPII activity of PBMC and U937 cells more than 90%[2].

In Vivo:A dose dependent inhibition of DPPII but not of DPPIV is observed in the peripheral organs of both the rats and the mice (after oral administration) and the rabbits (after IV administration). UAMC00039 tested orally at 2 mg/kg does not cause signs of acute toxicity and does not cause any significant changes in the following functions that are evaluated: general behaviour, body temperature, respiration, bleeding time, blood pressure, urine volume, liver function, fasting glucose and gastrointestinal parameters like acidity, motility and irritation[1].

References:
[1]. Maes MB, et al. In vivo effects of a potent, selective DPPII inhibitor: UAMC00039 is a possible tool for the elucidation of the physiological function of DPPII. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2006;575:73-85. [2]. Maes MB, et al. Dipeptidyl peptidase II and leukocyte cell death. Biochem Pharmacol. 2006 Jun 28;72(1):70-9.

Structure-activity relationship studies on isoindoline inhibitors of dipeptidyl peptidases 8 and 9 (DPP8, DPP9): is DPP8-selectivity an attainable goal?[Pubmed:21711053]

J Med Chem. 2011 Aug 25;54(16):5737-46.

This work represents the first directed study to identify modification points in the topology of a representative DPP8/9-inhibitor, capable of rendering selectivity for DPP8 over DPP9. The availability of a DPP8-selective compound would be highly instrumental for studying and untwining the biological roles of DPP8 and DPP9 and for the disambiguation of biological effects of nonselective DPP-inhibitors that have mainly been ascribed to blocking of DPPIV's action. The cell-permeable DPP8/9-inhibitor 7 was selected as a lead and dissected into several substructures that were modified separately for evaluating their potential to contribute to selectivity. The obtained results, together with earlier work from our group, clearly narrow down the most probable DPP8-selectivity imparting modification points in DPP8/9 inhibitors to parts of space that are topologically equivalent to the piperazine ring system in 7. This information can be considered of high value for future design of compounds with maximal DPP8 selectivity.

Dipeptidyl peptidase 8/9-like activity in human leukocytes.[Pubmed:17287297]

J Leukoc Biol. 2007 May;81(5):1252-7.

The proline-specific dipeptidyl peptidases (DPPs) are emerging as a protease family with important roles in the regulation of signaling by peptide hormones. Inhibitors of DPPs have an intriguing, therapeutic potential, with clinical efficacy seen in patients with diabetes. Until now, only recombinant forms of DPP8 and DPP9 have been characterized. Their enzymatic activities have not been demonstrated in or purified from any natural source. Using several selective DPP inhibitors, we show that DPP activity, attributable to DPP8/9 is present in human PBMC. All leukocyte types tested (lymphocytes, monocytes, Jurkat, and U937 cells) were shown to contain similar DPP8/9-specific activities, and DPPII- and DPPIV-specific activities varied considerably. The results were confirmed by DPPIV/CD26 immunocapture experiments. Subcellular fractionation localized the preponderance of DPP8/9 activity to the cytosol and DPPIV in the membrane fractions. Using Jurkat cell cytosol as a source, a 30-fold, enriched DPP preparation was obtained, which had enzymatic characteristics closely related to the ones of DPP8 and/or -9, including inhibition by allo-Ile-isoindoline and affinity for immobilized Lys-isoindoline.