Vitamin A Acetate

Vitamin A acetate (also known as retinyl acetate) is a fatty acid ester form of vitamin A with antineoplastic and chemopreventive effect. Retinyl acetate activated retinoid receptor to induce cell differentiation and decrease cell proliferation. It also exhibited immunomodulatory properties and blocks carcinogen-induced neoplastic transformation.

Retinoid receptors mediate retinoids activities and involved in normal growth and development maintenance, immune response and reproduction.

In rat renal glomerular epithelial cells, retinyl acetate modulated growth, morphology, function and cell organization. [1]

By supplementing normal diet with retinyl acetate in newborn CBA mice of lymphoid cells from (CBA X C57BL/10ScSn) F1 hybrids increased the proportion of the T-cell moiety population that generated IL-2. [2] In Sprague-Dawley rats, chemoprotective properties of retinyl acetate and combination of RA with Mel were demonstrated in mammary carcinogenesis activated by DMBA. [3]

References:
[1] Yamada M, Moritoh C, Kawaguchi M, Okigaki T.  Growth, morphology, function, and morphogenetic properties of rat renal glomerular epithelial cells in vitro: effects of retinyl acetate.  Eur J Cell Biol. 1989 Aug;49(2):252-8.
[2] Malkovský M, Medawar PB, Thatcher DR, Toy J, Hunt R, Rayfield LS, Doré C.  Acquired immunological tolerance of foreign cells is impaired by recombinant interleukin 2 or vitamin A acetate.  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Jan;82(2):536-8. 
[3] Hlersová E, Ahlers I, Kubatka P, Bojková B, Môciková K, Gajdosová S, Onderková HM.  Melatonin and retinyl acetate as chemopreventives in DMBA-induced mammary carcinogenesis in female Sprague-Dawley rats.  Folia Biol (Praha). 2000;46(2):69-72. 

Nanoencapsulation of coenzyme Q10 and vitamin E acetate protects against UVB radiation-induced skin injury in mice.[Pubmed:27870992]

Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2017 Feb 1;150:32-40.

This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of producing semisolid formulations based on nanocapsule suspensions containing the association of the coenzyme Q10 and vitamin E acetate by adding gellan gum (2%) to the suspensions. Furthermore, we studied their application as an alternative for the treatment of inflammation induced by ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation. For this, an animal model of injury induced by UVB-radiation was employed. All semisolids presented pH close to 5.5, drug content above 95% and mean diameter on the nanometric range, after redispersion in water. Besides, the semisolids presented non-Newtonian flow with pseudoplastic behavior and suitable spreadability factor values. The results also showed that the semisolid containing coenzyme Q10-loaded nanocapsules with higher vitamin E acetate concentration reduced in 73+/-8% the UVB radiation-induced ear edema. Moreover, all formulations tested were able to reduce inflammation parameters evaluated through MPO activity and histological procedure on injured tissue and the semisolids containing the nanoencapsulated coenzyme Q10 reduced oxidative parameters assessment through the non-protein thiols levels and lipid peroxidation. This way, the semisolids based on nanocapsules may be considered a promising approach for the treatment and prevention of skin inflammation diseases.

Associated use of silicone-vitamin E gauzes and alpha-tocopherol acetate oil in healing of skin graft donor sites.[Pubmed:28111908]

Int Wound J. 2017 Oct;14(5):813-817.

Split-thickness skin graft is one of the most used procedures in plastic surgery. This procedure involves numerous painful dressings at the donor site. alpha-Tocopherol acetate has anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties and it can reduce the local bacterial growth, thereby promoting wound healing. We designed a prospective study to evaluate the effects of two different kinds of dressings at skin graft donor sites. A total of 30 patients were subjected to daily dressings with alpha-tocopherol acetate oil and traditional moist gauzes (group 1). Another 30 patients were subjected to dressings every 4 days with alpha-tocopherol acetate oil and silicone-vitamin E gauzes (group 2). Healing time, infection rate, patient's pain perception and costs were evaluated in both the groups. No statistically significant difference was found in terms of healing time. The infection rate was slightly different in the two groups. Significant reduction of pain perception was detected in group 2. In the same group, significant reduction in the total cost of the treatment was also observed. alpha-Tocopherol acetate oil and silicone-vitamin E gauzes may represent a safe, simple, painless and inexpensive method for improving skin graft donor site healing.

Vitamin E plasma kinetics in swine show low bioavailability and short half-life of -alpha-tocopheryl acetate.[Pubmed:27898857]

J Anim Sci. 2016 Oct;94(10):4188-4195.

Vitamin E is important for animal production because of its effects on health and product quality, but the amount and form required remains controversial. Our objective was to quantify the absolute bioavailability of oral -alpha-tocopheryl acetate (alpha-TAc) in swine (22 +/- 1 kg and 8 wk old, fitted with jugular catheters) adapted to a diet supplemented with 75 mg/kg -alpha-TAc; 75 mg/kg was chosen because this level represents the nonweighted average inclusion level in piglet diets across Western key swine-producing countries. For this, a 350-g test meal (6% fat) was supplied at time 0 containing 75 mg deuterated (D9) -alpha-TAc to 9 animals, and 8 animals received an intravenous () dose containing deuterated (D6) RRR-alpha-tocopherol (alpha-T) at one-eighth the oral dose and a test meal without supplemental vitamin E. Plasma samples (12 to 13 per animal) were obtained at incremental intervals over 75 h for analysis of deuterated alpha-T using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Surprisingly, the i.v. dose rapidly disappeared from plasma and then reappeared. The half-life for this first peak was only 1.7 +/- 0.3 min. The second peak had an appearance rate (Ka) of 0.10 +/- 0.06 d and a half-life of 5.9 +/- 1.2 h. Oral dosing resulted, after a lag of 56 min, in a Ka of 0.91 +/- 0.21 d and a half-life of 2.6 +/- 0.8 h. The bioavailability for oral alpha-TAc was 12.5%, whereas the area under the curve was only 5.4%. This low bioavailability, small area under the curve, and short half-life are likely because of various factors, that is, the use of only 6% fat in the diet, the use of the acetate ester and , and the high dose relative to requirements. In conclusion, i.v. dosed vitamin E shows both a rapid and a very slow pool, whereas orally dosed vitamin E shows a single slow pool. The oral material has a very short half-live (44% of i.v. or 2.6 h), low bioavailability (12.5%), and a very small area under the curve (5.4%), bringing into question the efficacy of typical doses of vitamin E in swine diets for alleviating oxidative stress.

Retinyl acetate is a synthetic acetate ester form derived from retinol and has potential antineoplastic and chemo preventive activities.

Vitamin A Acetate,127-47-9,Natural Products, buy Vitamin A Acetate , Vitamin A Acetate supplier , purchase Vitamin A Acetate , Vitamin A Acetate cost , Vitamin A Acetate manufacturer , order Vitamin A Acetate , high purity Vitamin A Acetate