Strontium chloride

[Breast Cancer Patient with Bone Metastases Who Was Able to Return Home without Using Opioids after Administration of Strontium-89 Chloride].[Pubmed:27628553]

Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 2016 Sep;43(9):1105-7.

A 46-year-old woman underwent mastectomy for right inflammatory breast cancer.Three years later, she was diagnosed with multiple bone metastases and was treated with systemic chemotherapy and zoledronic acid.Six years after the mastectomy, she complained of severe sacral pain, and 40 Gy external radiotherapy was applied to the sacral metastases.Oxycodone was also administered, but dose escalation was difficult because of severe nausea and fatigue.A bone scan showed increased uptake of Tc99m in an area consistent with the painful regions, and an injection of 89SrCl2 was administered.Five weeks after the injection, her severe pain was relieved and she was able to discontinue the use of opioids completely.She successfully lived at home for 100 days without using opioids.In this case, radionuclide therapy with 89SrCl2 led to remarkable pain relief with an improvement in the quality of life of the patient.

Use of Strontium Chloride for the Treatment of Osteoporosis: A Case Report.[Pubmed:27228273]

Altern Ther Health Med. 2016 Mar;22(3):66-70.

Context * Strontium ranelate is an approved prescription medication for the treatment of osteoporosis in Europe. In the United States, the only available forms of strontium are those that are nonprescription, dietary supplements. Some patients with osteoporosis use those products because they prefer an alternate treatment to conventional therapy. Currently, no controlled trials have been conducted on the effectiveness of the supplements for treating osteoporosis. Objective * The study intended to examine how one woman responded to the use of Strontium chloride. Design * This was a retrospective case study. Setting * The woman in the case study was a patient in an academic urban women's health clinic in Minneapolis, MN, USA. Participant * The participant was a postmenopausal woman with a history of vertebral fracture. Intervention * The participant took 680 mg daily of Strontium chloride for 2.5 y. Outcome Measures * The patient had begun receiving dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans in 2004 and continued to receive follow-up scans every 2 y. After beginning strontium therapy in December 2011, she received DXA scans in March 2012 and May 2014. Results * During the study, the analysis of the patient's DXA scans showed a positive increase in the bone mineral density (BMD) of her vertebrae and her right hip and maintenance of her BMD in her left hip. Conclusions * Although the current case report does not provide enough evidence to conclude that US dietary supplements of strontium are effective in preventing fractures, it demonstrates a positive experience for one patient.

Characteristic X-ray imaging for palliative therapy using strontium-89 chloride: understanding the mechanism of nuclear medicine imaging of strontium-89 chloride.[Pubmed:28054241]

Radiol Phys Technol. 2017 Jun;10(2):227-233.

Strontium-89 (Sr-89) chloride is a targeted palliative therapy used for painful bone metastasis in which repeated doses can be administered, and its usefulness has been reported in the case of bone metastasis of various primary tumors. However, the effectiveness of the pain relief treatment is only described using a subjective index such as the visual analog scale, which lacks objectivity. Although various attempts at quantifying the effectiveness of Sr-89 chloride therapy have been reported using nuclear medicine imaging for energy peaks around 70-80 keV, the principle of Sr-89 chloride imaging has not been explained. In this study, the principle of nuclear medicine imaging for Sr-89 chloride was evaluated using a fundamental study. Additionally, the optimal collimator for acquiring Sr-89 chloride image data was evaluated. Based on the results, the principle of nuclear medicine imaging for Sr-89 chloride could be explained: the energy peaks were characteristic X-rays produced by interactions between gamma rays (514 keV) emitted from Sr-85, which is included during the manufacturing process of the Sr-89 chloride solution, and the lead collimator used in the imaging. The optimal collimator for generating characteristic X-rays efficiently was identified as a middle-to-high energy collimator.

Strontium is a biased agonist of the calcium-sensing receptor in rat medullary thyroid carcinoma 6-23 cells.[Pubmed:22942242]

J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2012 Dec;343(3):638-49.

The calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR)-specific allosteric modulator cinacalcet has revolutionized the treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism in patients with chronic kidney disease. However, its application is limited to patients with end-stage renal disease because of hypocalcemic side effects presumably caused by CaSR-mediated calcitonin secretion from thyroid parafollicular C-cells. These hypocalcemic side effects might be dampened by compounds that bias the signaling of CaSR, causing similar therapeutic effects as cinacalcet without stimulating calcitonin secretion. Because biased signaling of CaSR is poorly understood, the objective of the present study was to investigate biased signaling of CaSR by using rat medullary thyroid carcinoma 6-23 cells as a model of thyroid parafollicular C-cells. By doing concentration-response experiments we focused on the ability of two well known CaSR agonists, calcium and strontium, to activate six different signaling entities: G(q/11) signaling, G(i/o) signaling, G(s) signaling, extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) signaling, intracellular calcium ([Ca(2+)](i)) mobilization, and calcitonin secretion. The experiments showed that strontium biases CaSR signaling toward ERK1/2 signaling and possibly another pathway independent of G(q/11) signaling and [Ca(2+)](i) mobilization. It is noteworthy that the potency of strontium-stimulated calcitonin secretion was elevated compared with calcium. Combining these results with experiments investigating signaling pathway components involved in calcitonin secretion, we found that the enhanced potency of strontium-mediated calcitonin secretion was caused by a different signaling pattern than that produced by calcium. Together, our results suggest that calcitonin secretion can be affected by CaSR-stimulated signaling bias, which may be used to develop novel drugs for the treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism.

Strontium enhances osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells and in vivo bone formation by activating Wnt/catenin signaling.[Pubmed:21563277]

Stem Cells. 2011 Jun;29(6):981-91.

Strontium ranelate is a newly approved drug that can reduce the risk of vertebral fracture, which is attributed to its dual function in increasing the bone formation and decreasing the bone resorption. Strontium-containing hydroxyapatite was also demonstrated to stimulate the osteoblast activity and inhibit the osteoclast activity. However, the molecular mechanisms of strontium underlying such beneficial effects were still not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the effects of strontium on the osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and its related mechanism; its osteogenic potential was also evaluated using a calvarial defect model in rats. We found that strontium could enhance the osteogenic differentiation of the MSCs, with upregulated extracellular matrix (ECM) gene expression and activated Wnt/beta-catenin pathway. After transplanting the collagen-strontium-substituted hydroxyapatite scaffold into the bone defect region, histology and computed tomography scanning revealed that in vivo bone formation was significantly enhanced; the quantity of mature and remodeled bone substantially increased and ECM accumulated. Interestingly, strontium induced an increase of beta-catenin expression in newly formed bone area. In this study, we showed for the first time that strontium could stimulate the beta-catenin expression in vitro and in vivo, which might contribute to the enhanced osteogenic differentiation of MSCs and in vivo bone formation.